Management
When the United States government requires that US military uniforms be produced in the United States, this is an example of
"buy national" legislation.
Which of the following questions is important for entrepreneurs who are starting a business from scratch?
> All of these. Who are my customers? Who are my competitors? What quantity will my customers buy? What price will customers pay?
The purpose of the Small Business Administration's SCORE program is to evaluate the managerial performance of small businesses and then to assign scores that are used to determine the amount of loans those individual businesses can obtain.
False
To be an entrepreneur you have to start the enterprise from scratch.
False
To increase cohesiveness by use of competition, managers should set up competition within the group.
False
Transportation businesses are good choices for entrepreneurs because they typically require few resources to start.
False
Which of the following disadvantages of group decisions typically results from the group being very cohesive?
Groupthink
Which of the following alternatives to specialization gives individual workers more to do and keeps each worker on the same job all the time without giving more authority over, and responsibility for, the work?
Job enlargement
Which of the following is NOT one of the alternative international strategies?
Lateral investment
The aspects of a business that the firm performs at a higher level than its competitors are known as the firm's
distinctive competencies.
One advantage of group decision making is
diversity of members' backgrounds.
The idea that manufacturing costs per unit decrease as the number of units produced increases is known as
economies of scale.
When a board of directors chooses an internal candidate for CEO it reduces resistance to change because employees already know more about the boss. This is a form of
education and communication.
The best alternative is the most ____ alternative.
effective
Sony was the first consumer electronics maker with a Google feature built into its TV sets. Sony and Google are an example of a(n)
strategic partner.
The mobile device security market is expected to quadruple in five years. Anti-virus company Webroot is expanding its mobile device department. This organization change was an example of change in
structure and design.
Japan's Daikin acquired Goodman Global. Daikin is attempting to produce more with the two subsystems working together than they would alone. This is an example of
synergy.
A(n) ____ goal for Choice Waste Management could be "to develop a recycling campaign for rural communities of less than 1000 customers." It would develop naturally out of a strategic goal "to increase recycling by 10% everywhere."
tactical
The ____ environment of a business that manufactures top-of-the-line cabinets includes computer-assisted design software that helps to convert wood and people's ideas into lovely, functional cabinets.
technological
The process used by an organization to transform inputs into outputs is known as
technology
The task environment includes all of the following EXCEPT
technology
The set of processes and systems used by organizations to convert resources into products or services is called
technology.
All of the following are situational theories of leadership except
the Ohio State Studies.
Strategic leaders
All of these.
The steps in the reengineering process involve
All of these.
Which of the following factors influences the encoding process?
All of these.
Which of the following is an example of an organizational goal?
All of these.
Which of the following is an important dimension for assessing diversity?
All of these.
Which of the following is typical content of upward communication in organizations?
All of these.
Which of the following might be a goal for change for an organization?
All of these.
Four friends home from college want to start a moving business to earn money during the summer. To determine whether this is a good idea, they need to find the answer to which of the following questions?
All of these. Who are my customers, and where are they? Who are my competitors, and where are they? How can I differentiate my product from that of my competitors? In what quantities and at what price will my customers buy my service?
Based on your own real-life experience, select a product or service that you are familiar with and describe how it meets (or does not) meet each of the eight dimensions of quality. Also explain how this type of information could assist you as a manager who is responsible for managing the performance and quality for a similar product or service.
1. Performance - a product's primary operating characteristic; 2. Features - supplements to a product's basic functioning characteristics; 3. Reliability - a probability of not malfunctioning during a specified period; 4. Conformance - the degree to which a product's design and operating characteristics meet established standards; 5. Durability - a measure of product life; 6. Serviceability - the speed and ease of repair; 7. Aesthetics - how a product looks, feels, tastes, and smells; 8. Perceived Quality - quality as seen by the customer.
Which of the following includes nonverbal communication?
A Skype video conference
There are advantages and disadvantages to both decision making models. First, explore three disadvantages of using the administrative model of behavioral decision making.
A disadvantage of using the administrative model of behavioral decision making is using your emotion. You are less likely to make a good decision the operating off anger or eger excitment. Satisficeing is another disadvantage becuase you are not really finding the best option, just meet the minimum requirement and not take the research any farther. Lastly a disadvantage is the false confidance incomplete and imperfect information can give you. You may thing you are making a decision under a certain conditions but due to wrong information its acully more like a uncertain condition. Student responses will vary. The administrative model argues that decision makers have incomplete and imperfect information, are constrained by bounded rationality, and tend to "satisfice" when making decisions. Bounded rationality suggests that decision makers are limited by their values and unconscious reflexes, skills, and habits. They are also limited by less-than-complete information and knowledge. Satisficing is the tendency to search for alternatives only until one is found that meets some minimum standard of sufficiency. They do not conduct an exhaustive search for the best possible alternative.
When considering making a capacity decision, which of the following will be important information to have?
All of these
A firm's reward system
All of these.
An individual's level of job satisfaction is determined by
All of these.
One of the significant challenges for middle managers in executing tactical plans is
All of these.
Reengineering involves
All of these.
Assume that you are a manager at a furniture manufacturing company and you determine that the production department is generating too much scrap material due to improper cutting and assembly. Describe how you would use the classical Model of rational decision making to resolve this problem.
As a Manager using the classical decision-making model I would first gather knowledge on the situation. I would try and find out why improper cutting and assembly is so likely to happen. Once you know why and how this is happening you can start looking at ways to prevent this, possibly better training or tools. Once you come up with a list of options for action you can evaluate the decision logically and rationally. Student responses will vary. The first step is to recognizing and define the decision situation (e.g. reduce excessive scrap material). The second step is to identify alternatives which specify courses of action that might be effective (e.g. retrain employees or hire new employees). The third step is to evaluate alternatives according to its feasibility, satisfactoriness, and affordable consequences (e.g. new employees would take too much time to hire and train; also would cause morale problems to fire existing employees). The fourth step is to select the best alternative (e.g. retrain existing employees). The fifth step is to implement the alternative (e.g. retrain employees and put them back into their positions). The sixth step is to follow-up and evaluate the results (e.g. verify that the changes result in lower scrap levels).
Which of the following is the first step in human resource planning?
Assessing external and internal trends
Organizational rewards can affect which of the following?
Attitudes Behaviors Motivation All of these.
Herbert Simon noted that managers generally fail to make rational decisions because they are limited by their own values, skills, habits, and unconscious reflexes as well as by incomplete information. What name did Simon give this phenomenon?
Bounded rationality
Which of the following is an example of an owner of a business?
CEO and CFO
For a Perkins restaurant, which of the following would be considered to be a supplier?
Coca-Cola Company
Which of the following perspectives on motivation concerns "what" motivates people rather than "how" they are motivated?
Content
Julia assigns Jason a project to be completed and then holds periodic meetings with Jason to determine whether target dates for subparts of the project are being met. Which management function do these meetings represent?
Controlling
Which barrier to communication exists when the sender is NOT considered a reliable source of information?
Credibility
According to Vroom's decision tree approach, what is the best measure of decision effectiveness?
Decision quality and subordinate acceptance of the decision
Which of the following is characteristic of the U-form design?
Departmentalization based on the kind of work being done
Which of the following is an explanation of the resistance to change that a worker might feel because the worker disagrees with management that the type of change selected will be best for the organization in the long-run?
Different perceptions
Which of the following is part of the internal environment of organizations?
Employees
Amazon released new Kindle Fires. It hopes to gain customers and increase content sales by 50%. Amazon is in which step in the change process?
Establishment of goals for the change
A board of directors is a task group.
False
A segment of a market that offers a new opportunity because it is not currently being satisfied is called a first-mover market.
False
Behaving ethically is easy because only good things happen to good people.
False
Both people and organizations have ethics.
False
Dale is correct when he says, "Conflict is based on disagreement and therefore is bad for organizations and should be eliminated."
False
Forever 21 sells clothing made in Vietnam. The clothing is sold in the United States. This is an example of a strategic alliance.
False
Intergroup conflict is based on disagreement between two or more persons in the same group.
False
International business is not an option for small companies because of the cost and risks.
False
International licensing agreements involve regulations for truckers transporting products between countries.
False
Josh is a pastor, attempting to plant a new church. His denomination is helping to cover his salary while the church is growing. Josh is an entrepreneur.
False
Most MNCs use direct investment exclusively because they are so big they can afford to buy companies.
False
Most U.S. workers are employed by large firms.
False
Norming, the final stage of group or team development, is also slow to develop. At this stage, the team really begins to focus on the problem at hand.
False
The GATT replaced the WTO.
False
According to Lawrence and Lorsch, an organization that can be classified according to differentiation would have a ____ level of differentiation if it had many subunits and would have a ____ level of differentiation if it had few subunits.
High; low
Hundreds of small businesses are under contract to make parts for Honda. This is an example of which of the following roles of small businesses?
Importance to large businesses
In times of economic prosperity, small firms are the first to hire additional workers and big firms are last. In times of economic downswings, small firms are the first to eliminate workers and big firms are last. This reflects which attribute of small firms as compared to large firms?
Increased flexibility
Which of the following is the most common form of a decision-making group?
Interacting
Most Broadway musicals initially do not advertise because there is a large audience that goes to see shows when they open. Where are they on the product life cycle?
Introduction
Which of the following statements about the grapevine is FALSE?
It is a useful way to transmit confidential information.
Viacom owns Nickelodeon, TV Land, VH1, and Nick at Nite. Viacom's managers of these cable networks are allowed a fairly high degree of autonomy in their operations, yet they coordinate their activities as needed. Purchasing is highly centralized, but many other functions are quite decentralized. Viacom uses a ____ organization design.
M-form
Bill's new business venture is having trouble with employee benefits, and Bill has hired a human resource expert to give advice. The type of new-venture advice Bill is seeking is called
Management consulting
In which of the following industries are you LEAST likely to find a small business owner performing well due to a lack of economies of scale?
Manufacturing
Describe manufacturing technology and service technology and provide at least one example of each. Assume that you were a manager in each type of business and describe how you would utilize or how your workers would utilize each type of technology.
Manufacturing technology involves automation which is the process of designing work so that it can be completely or almost completely performed by machines. Computer-assisted manufacturing is technology that relies on computers to design or manufacture products such as computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), and computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM). Robotics refers to the science and technology of the construction, maintenance, and use of robots. Examples of service technology include automatic teller machines used by banks, patient information systems used by hospitals to track patients, and computerized reservation systems used by hotels.
Explain how a corporation demonstrates its commitment to ethical behavior and social responsibility by providing at least two examples for each.
Me: A company can demonstrates its commitment to ethical behavior and social responsibility by generally accepted social norms and through there actions. An example of ethical behavior is acting truthfully and honestly, you can see this in policy's agenized taking bribes and lying. A company can show they are social responsibility by paying a leviable wage, giving back to the community, and and reducing carbon foot print. Them: Student responses will vary. Effective management of ethical behavior includes ethical standards for the business set by top managers, the establishment of internal committees which investigate possible unethical, employees training sessions, and a code of ethics. Social responsibility includes legal compliance with laws, ethical compliance by members of the firm, and philanthropic giving by voluntarily awarding funds or gifts to charities and social programs.
Explain the purpose of a strategic plan, a tactical plan, and an operational plan and relate the level of management associated which each type.
Me: Strategic plans are set by top management covering general issues. Upper and middle management are involved in tactical planning, the middle management goals will be more specific to the role I am managing. Operational plans are carried out by lower-level managers, these plans are smaller in scope that helps exicute parts of the Strategic or tactical plans. Them: Student responses will vary. A strategic plan is a general plan that outlines the decisions of resource allocation, priorities, and action steps necessary to reach strategic goals, which are set by the board of directors and top management and have an extended time frame. Top managers are involved in this type of planning. Tactical plans are developed to implement parts of a strategic plan. Typically, tactical plans involve upper and middle managers and have a shorter time frame than the strategic plan. Operational plans focus on carrying out the tactical plans to achieve operational goals. They are developed by middle and lower-level managers and have a short-term focus.
What percentage of businesses in the United States is classified as small businesses?
More than 90 percent
____ is the set of forces that cause people to behave in certain ways.
Motivation
Which of the following exemplifies the first step in the comprehensive organization change model described in the text?
Noticing that the pension fund has less cash in it than needed to provide the guaranteed employee benefits
Which of the following is classified as a partial productivity ratio?
Only labor productivity ratio and energy productivity ratio
Vernique consults with her subordinates and encourages their involvement in the decision making process. Based on the path-goal theory, what kind of leader behavior is Vernique exhibiting?
Participative
____ is the relatively stable set of psychological and behavioral attributes that distinguish one person from another.
Personality
For which of the following jobs would performance behaviors be most easily measured?
Pizza delivery driver
No company wants to set up shop in another country unless trade relationships with the country are relatively well defined and stable. This point of view reflects what dimension of the general environment?
Political-legal
In schools math, English, science and social studies departments operate separately. Student test scores in each area are gathered to evaluate the effectiveness of the school. What level of interdependence does this represent?
Pooled
Mark Zuckerberg created Facebook, which has more than 800 million users. Zuckerberg has
Power
Which of the following is characteristic of a business classified as a star by the BCG matrix technique?
Requires large amounts of short-run cash support
Which of the following is NOT a strategy for managing diversity?
Selective recruitment
Describe at least two types of individual and at least two types of organizational barriers to communication. Assuming that you were a manager who encountered each of these barriers, provide two or more examples of how you would overcome or remove these barriers. Support your response.
Student responses will vary. Individual Barriers: could include conflicting or inconsistent signals, credibility about the subject, reluctance to communicate, poor listening skills, and predispositions about the subject. Organizational Barriers: semantics, status or power differences, different perceptions, noise, overload, and language differences.
The legal portion of the environmental context of human resources management focuses on four major areas. Identify each area along with a short description of a related law or agency and indicate what your role as a manager would be in complying with the law.
Student responses will vary. 1. Equal employment opportunity laws include Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964; Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC); Age Discrimination in Employment Act; Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA); and the Civil Rights Act of 1991. | 2. Compensation and benefits laws include Fair Labor Standards Act; Equal Pay Act of 1963; Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA); and the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993. | Labor relations laws include the National Labor Relations Act (the Wagner Act); and Labor-Management Relations Act (the Taft-Hartley Act). | Health and safety laws include the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA).
Analyze both the systems and contingency perspectives of contemporary management practices and describe how they could help you as a manager. Provide one example for each perspective.
Student responses will vary. A system is an interrelated set of elements functioning as a whole. Open systems are systems that interact with their environment. Closed systems do not interact with their environment. The contingency perspective argues that universal theories cannot be applied to businesses because each is unique. Student responses will vary. The administrative model argues that decision makers have incomplete and imperfect information, are constrained by bounded rationality, and tend to "satisfice" when making decisions. Bounded rationality suggests that decision makers are limited by their values and unconscious reflexes, skills, and habits. They are also limited by less-than-complete information and knowledge. Satisficing is the tendency to search for alternatives only until one is found that meets some minimum standard of sufficiency. They do not conduct an exhaustive search for the best possible alternative.
Describe the three components of attitudes and indicate how each are related. Also, what is cognitive dissonance and how do individuals resolve this type if issue?
Student responses will vary. Attitudes are made up of an affective, or emotional, component; a cognitive, or intellectual, component; and an intentional component, which reflects expectations about behavior. The three components are interrelated, with each affecting the others. Feelings, thoughts, and intent all play a part in forming attitudes. Cognitive dissonance occurs when one individual's attitudes are in conflict. To resolve cognitive dissonance, individuals typically revise one or more attitudes.
Assume that you are a manager in a factory and your supervisor has asked you increase productivity without hiring additional workers or incurring overtime. Describe how you could motivate the existing workers using one content perspective and one process perspective. Support your answer.
Student responses will vary. Content perspectives are approaches that try to answer the question, "What factors in the workplace motivate people?" They include the Needs Hierarchy Approach (Maslow), the Two-Factor Theory, and individual human needs. Process perspectives focus on why people choose certain behavioral options to fulfill their needs and how they evaluate their satisfaction after they have attained these goals. They include Expectancy Theory, Equity Theory, and Goal-Setting Theory.
Assume that you are a manager and need to communicate information to your shift supervisor about a very important project which has a short deadline. Select two different forms of communication which could be used and explain the advantages and disadvantages of each. Decide on which form would be most appropriate and explain what would occur at each of the eight steps in the communication process with your shift supervisor.
Student responses will vary. Oral communication takes place in face-to-face conversations, group discussions, telephone calls, and other circumstances in which the spoken word is used to express meaning. Written communication occurs through memos, letters, reports, notes, and other circumstances in which the written word is used to transmit meaning. Oral communication is better when the message is personal, nonroutine, and brief. Written communication is better when the message is more impersonal, routine, and longer. Vertical communication is communication that flows both up and down the business, usually along formal reporting lines. Horizontal communication flows laterally within the business, involves colleagues and peers at the same level of the business.
Which of the following is not a possible reward for a manager to use who wants to exercise effective reward power toward his or her subordinates?
The same reward for everyone
Assume that you are a manager at a company and you determine that your current approach to leadership is not working. Although you would like to focus on employee-centered behavior, you decide that you need to switch to a situational approach. Describe each of the four situational approaches to leadership and select the one that is more appropriate for your needs.
Student responses will vary. Situational approaches assume that appropriate leadership style varies from situation to situation. LPC theory outlines two leadership styles: task-oriented and relationship-centered. Leadership style is assessed by the LPC measure. The LPC model suggests that leader behavior is a function of situational favorableness. The path-goal theory of leadership suggests that leadership can be enhanced by helping subordinates clarify paths to goal attainment and by rewarding behavior to ensure that good performance is a direct path to positive outcomes. Four styles of leader behavior have been identified: (1) directive, (2) supportive, (3) participative, and (4) achievement-oriented behavior. The Vroom decision tree approach focuses only on decision making and leadership. The basic premise is that effective decisions are best gauged by the quality of the decision and by employee acceptance of the decision. The leader-member exchange (LMX) model compares how the manager treats his or her most trusted employees (the in-group) to how he or she treats all other employees (the out-group). A unique feature of LMX theory is the attention given to the leader's relationship with each individual employee, rather than treating all employees as a group.
Assume that you are a manager at a local restaurant and needed to hire a chef. Describe "Big Five" personality traits that the best candidate would possess as well as two types of workplace behavior that they should exhibit.
Student responses will vary. The "Big Five" personality model is a popular personality framework based on five key traits. High performing individuals in businesses tend to be high on agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, and openness, while also scoring low on negative emotionality. Workplace behaviors include: Performance behaviors which are the total set of work-related behaviors that the business expects the individual to display; Withdrawal behaviors which include absenteeism and turnover; Organizational citizenship which is the behavior of individuals that makes a positive overall contribution to the business; and Dysfunctional behaviors are those that detract from, rather than contribute to, organizational performance.
Describe how the classical, behavioral, and quantitative perspectives of historical management could help you as a manager. Provide one example for each perspective.
Student responses will vary. The classical management perspective includes two approaches: scientific management and administrative management. Scientific management focuses on ways to improve the performance of individual workers. Administrative management focuses on managing the total business. The behavioral management perspective places more emphasis on individual attitudes and behaviors and on group and behavioral processes. The quantitative management perspective focuses on decision making, economic effectiveness, mathematical models, and the use of computers in businesses.
Describe each of the five power bases which can be used by used by leaders in motivating employees. Give an example of how each type would be used. If you were a manager, which type of leadership power would you prefer to utilize in motivating your staff?
Student responses will vary. The five power bases include: legitimate power which is granted through the organizational hierarchy; reward power which is the power to give or withhold rewards; coercive power which forces compliance by means of psychological, emotional, or physical threats; referent power which is based on identification, imitation, loyalty, or charisma; and expert power which is derived from information or expertise.
Assume that you were just hired as a manager at a company where there are absentee problems with some of the employees. Discuss at least two kinds of reinforcement that you could use to help resolve the situation. Next, summarize at least two strategies that you could use for the frequency of providing reinforcement. Discuss which option you anticipate will work best and explain why.
Student responses will vary. The kinds of reinforcement in businesses include: positive reinforcement, avoidance, punishment, and extinction. Options for the frequency of reinforcement include: fixed-interval, variable-interval, fixed-ratio, and variable-ratio schedules.
Assume that you are a manager for a business and are charged with the responsibility of hiring a new person for the marketing department. Describe the process of attracting, developing, and maintaining this person in the future once they were hired.
Student responses will vary. The process of attracting human resources includes job analysis, forecasting human resource demand and supply, and m matching human resource supply and demand. The next step is to recruit and select the correct individual. Once the correct individual has been hired, the company will invest in training which involves teaching operational or technical employees how to do the job for which they were hired or development which consists of teaching managers and professionals the skills needed for both present and future jobs. The process of maintaining is related to determining compensation and benefits.
One of the more common elements of a business's environment is job specialization. Define job specialization along with the related advantages and disadvantages and disadvantages. Provide at least one example of a business which would benefit from using job specialization and a business which would not.
THEIR ANSWER: Student responses will vary. Job specialization is the breaking down of a job into smaller component parts. The benefits of job specialization include: (1) worker proficiency on simpler tasks; (2) no lost transfer time associated with workers changing tasks; (3) utilization of specialized efficient machinery; and (4) reduced training costs. The limitations include: (1) potentially boring and dissatisfying jobs and (2) no expected time saved or efficiency obtained.
Assume that you were hired as a manager for a new business which manufactures automotive parts. There will be a small corporate office with a staff of 20 and an attached factory with 50 workers. The owner has asked you to evaluate the different forms of organizational design and make a recommendation. In preparation for your meeting with the owner, explore the basic forms of business design and indicate at least one advantage and disadvantage of each. Next, describe which organizational design would be most appropriate.
THEIR ANSWER: Student responses will vary. The U-form design is a functional approach that breaks the firm into specialties such as marketing, production, and accounting. This design is simple and clear, but it may not be adequate for controlling a large, complex business. H-form designs combine a set of smaller unrelated businesses to form a holding company. Holding companies are very flexible and may be able to reduce overhead expenses. H-form firms, however, can be difficult to manage because management may lack expertise in each unrelated industry. M-form businesses are based on multiple businesses operating in related areas. This allows some activities to be decentralized and others to be centralized. The M-form provides a good balance of competition between units and cooperation over shared resources. The matrix design combines the functional department by creating product groups or temporary departments. Matrix designs allow firms to experience "the best of both worlds." This design allows specialization, while also enhancing horizontal communication and giving management enhanced control. However, matrix designs may be confusing for workers who must report to two superior
A very real element constituting the entrepreneurial environment includes businesses which fail. Select two of the four reasons identified in this module related to business failure and indicate what actions could be taken to minimize or avoid the cause of each failure.
THERE ANSWER: Student responses will vary. Incompetence or inexperience can be counteracted by business training and education, as well as by experience working in that type of business. Neglect can be avoided by a more serious time commitment. Weak control systems are avoidable if owners pay closer attention to potential and developing problems. Insufficient capital or overly optimistic financial projections can be solved if entrepreneurs work with experts to determine a realistic budget and to obtain the necessary funds in advance.
Assume that you are a manager at a restaurant. You notice that sales are declining for one of your most popular dishes and the owner has asked you recommended steps to facilitate a change. Outline a plan that includes the seven steps in the change progress discussed in the module. Be as thorough as possible when developing each step.
THERE:::: Student responses will vary. The steps in the process are as follows: Step 1: Recognition of the need for change; Step 2: Establishment of goals for the change; Step 3: Diagnosis of relevant variables; Step 4: Selection of appropriate change techniques; Step 5: Planning for implementation of the change; Step 6: Actual implementation; and Step 7: Evaluation and follow-up.
Gore Associates has virtually no hierarchy. The corner rooms are conference areas so no one has the corner office. Buildings accommodate 150 people so everyone knows each other and groups form based on personal knowledge of each other's strengths. Which of the following terms best describes its organizational design?
Team
Which of the following is a true statement?
The classical model of decision making is a prescriptive model. The administrative model of decision making is a descriptive model. The classical model focuses on the real world, while the administrative model shows us the ideal world. >>>>>>>>> None of these.
A functional team that experiences success and praise is likely to become more cohesive than a team that fails.
True
Ethical actions conform to generally accepted social norms.
True
Ken is a stock analyst who gives his friends tips on companies to buy. If they buy, the price will likely go up, which helps Ken. Ken has a conflict of interest.
True
Parents and adult children often have a hard time communicating effectively with each other because they are stuck in the old role structure of their family.
True
Small business—especially in certain industries—is an important source of new (and often well-paid) jobs in the United States.
True
Some, but not all, small business owners are entrepreneurs.
True
The more resources an industry requires, the harder it is to start a business and the less likely that the industry is dominated by small firms.
True
The values held by an organization's founder or founders are often among the major determinants of corporate culture.
True
Wang-kyo has been put in charge of the advertising campaign for a high-sugar, ready-to-eat cereal. He knows that one of the most effective ways to market such a product is to advertise on Saturday morning cartoon shows, but he feels that it is wrong to push high-sugar foods to young children. Wang-kyo is experiencing person-role conflict.
True
When informal leaders work counter to the goals of the organization, they can cause significant difficulties.
True
When people see a lot of each other, pure proximity increases the likelihood that interpersonal attraction will develop.
True
A credit-card company computer triggers a fraud detection alert anytime the credit card suddenly makes a sharp increases in online purchases. This is an example of which type of reinforcement schedule?
Variable-ratio
____ are a group of small investors seeking to make profits on companies with rapid growth potential.
Venture capitalists
The starting point in formulating strategies is usually
a SWOT analysis.
When an entrepreneur pays a parent company a monthly percentage of the gross income of her business in return for using the parent company's name and products, this is known as
a franchise agreement.
The current trend in business start-ups by women and minority entrepreneurs is
a large increase in the rate of start-ups by women and minorities.
The initial public offering for Facebook did not go well. Facebook, Morgan Stanley, and Nasdaq all face litigation. The IPO was a _____ that no one else wants to follow.
a program.
Federal employees have fifteen pay grades, and within each grade they have ten steps. This is an example of
a wage-structure decision.
Giovanna is very competent. She works in a relatively predictable environment. All of her subordinates do the same activity with few problems. This situation would tend to call for
a wide span of management.
Managers and leaders differ in
all of these.
The key to individuals managing diversity is
all of these.
Subsystems are
autonomous and interdependent.
Tony Hayward, former CEO of BP, made statements and decisions about vacations during the oil spill that led to him stepping down as CEO. His innate belief without conscious consideration that attending a polo match during the crises was ok shows he used
bad intuition.
Teachers are represented by the American Federation of Teachers. It is an example of a
bargaining unit.
The definition of "small business" requires that the business's sales and assets
be too small to influence the external environment.
Katherine loves to travel. She is a photographer for Associated Press. One of the things she likes best about her job is the adventure, going new places to cover stories around the world. She likes the organization inducement called
career opportunities.
The ____ tells how much money is needed to operate a new business.
cash budget
An organization where power and control are kept at the top levels of management is
centralized.
In the classical decision making model, "optimization" means
choosing the alternative with the best overall expected outcomes.
All of the following are bases for departmentalization EXCEPT
competition
Nike and Reebok are best described as
competitors
For a church, the congregation would be considered the
customer.
The normal process within an organization that leads to a system decline is known as
entropy
According to Maslow, the need that people have for respect and recognition is the need for
esteem
Chicago teachers went on strike right after the school year started. Unions negotiating for higher wages is a(n) ____ force for change.
external
When Amazon lowered the price of Kindle, Barnes and Noble lowered the price of Nook. This is an example of a(n) ____ force for change.
external
Boeing's information system shares quality control information with its suppliers. This is an example of a(n)
extranet
When Amy is in a room full of strangers she becomes energized to meet people. She has the personality trait
extroversion
Some website hackers have boasted by posting information stolen from companies. Zappos, eHarmony, LinkedIn, and Yahoo have all been victims. The potential abuse of information technology is an ethics dilemma for only a few companies.
false
Dina works in construction. She travels to the job site to build the next house. This is an example of a ____ layout.
fixed-position
MSNBC covers stories from a left of center political point of view. This appeals to viewers who want this point of view confirmed instead of informed. MSNBC use a(n) ____ strategy.
focus
In most change situations, there are factors that will make the job of change more difficult and others that seem to ease the change process. The process by which the manager identifies and then eliminates as many of the forces against change as possible is called
force-field analysis.
Caving into peer pressure is a disadvantage of
groupthink.
A(n) ____ strategy requires little initial investment, is heavily regulated, and provides little opportunity to modify products for local conditions.
importing/exporting
Scientific management focuses on
improving the efficiency of the individual worker.
Twanya is the school counselor responsible for scheduling. In looking at the data she notes student evaluations were periodically low for a professor. Upon further research she notes the evaluations were lowest for all Money and Banking classes ¾considered to be difficult no matter who taught the class. Her initial information was
incomplete
A consulting firm calculates an efficiency index for each of its consultants by dividing each consultant's total hours of work by the number of billable hours. This is a measure of ____ productivity.
individual
The behavior that is called "job-centered leader behavior" in the Michigan studies is similar to the behavior called ____ in the Ohio State studies, and ____ in the Leadership Grid.
initiating-structure; concern for production
Eric is communications director. The New York Times wants to interview his boss. Eric suspects the reporter is not objective, so he declines the interview. Eric used ____ to make the decision.
intuition
According to the science of management, management tasks should be approached in all of the following ways EXCEPT
intuitive.
An organization is considered diverse when
its members differ from each other.
Cheri and Aaron both wanted to work part-time, and they found a lawyer who was willing to split one full-time paralegal job between the two of them so that Cheri works mornings and Aaron works afternoons. This arrangement is known as
job sharing.
Dow Corning is an equally owned ______ between Dow Chemical and Corning.
joint venture
With Hurricane Isaac headed toward New Orleans, Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal prepositioned emergency supplies to the impact area. The Governor engaged in
leading.
When an organization promotes someone, it sends a signal to everyone that the person is competent. This gives the person _____ power.
legitimate
A supervisor's use of coercion also involves the
loss of leadership.
Span of control is also referred to as span of
management
When Caryl feels anxiety, fear, or anger, she prays. Afterward she is more productive. This is an example of the EQ dimension
managing emotions.
The techniques chefs use to transform ingredients into meals is the TQM dimension
methods
The best form of interpersonal communication to use when you have a personal or nonroutine message to communicate is
oral
Emmitt Smith owns 51% of Smith/Cypress Partners LP, a real estate development enterprise. Smith created a(n)
organization.
OpenSkies flies only between Washington Dulles and Paris or Newark Liberty and Paris. It offers all-business-class service. The price of its flights are half that of major airline, business class fares. The price is an example of
perceived quality.
Individuals become aware of and interpret information about their environment through a set of processes called
perception
When the number of West Nile virus cases in a Texas town reached 100. The town sprayed pesticide. The town was trying to meet the ____ needs of its citizens.
physiological
Amazon sold out of the Kindle Fire on-line a week before unveiling a new Kindle. The launch of the new Kindle coincided with the beginning of the holiday shopping season. This is an example of
planning.
West Nile virus created a public health crisis in parts of Texas. The CDC established a ____ for dealing with infected individuals.
policy
David tells a story to Patty. Patty immediately tells a story about herself without reacting to David's story. David believes Patty didn't hear him because she was preparing what she was going to say. This is an example of
poor listening skills.
Michelle was an advocate for health care reform. No matter how many statistics show the cost of health care increasing after reform, she refuses to believe them She has the individual barrier
predispositions
In the GE Business Screen matrix, all of the following are characteristics of the attractiveness of the industry EXCEPT
product quality.
The component of strategy that indicates how the organization intends to allocate resources is
resource deployment.
Drones, unmanned aircraft, are increasingly sent into combat instead of pilots. This is an example of
robotics
The classical management perspective consists of
scientific management and administrative management.
Southwest Airlines gained access to the Atlanta market when it purchased Air Tran. This is an example of a change in Southwest's
scope
According to Maslow, the need to have a safe physical and emotional environment is a(n) ____ need.
security
OSHA attempts to ensure worker's ____ needs are met.
security
Some smokers block out negative information about the health effects of smoking because they do not want to change their behavior. They are using
selective perception.
An organization that transforms resources into an intangible output in order to create time or place utility for its customers is known as a(n) ____ company.
service
Restaurants are in the _____ industry?
service
Edinberg Animal Hospital is a veterinarian clinic. It operates in the ____ industry.
services
An organization's obligation to protect and enhance the society in which it operates is called
social responsibility.
Agreeableness is similar to the EQ dimension
social skill.
Tyler told Emily to improve public opinion. The goal that Emily was given lacks goal
specificity.
A standing plan that outlines the steps to be followed in a particular circumstance is called a(n)
standard operating procedure (SOP).
Investors went crazy for the IPO of Tesla, an electric car maker. Tesla has a tiny share of the car market, but investors hope the electric car market has big growth potential. According to the BCG matrix, investors must see Tesla as a
star
When a manager leaves his or her job to accept a job at another organization, the organization left behind is experiencing
turnover
When managers let people who will be affected by an impending change know the reasons for the change, the ____ stage of the Lewin model of organization change has been reached.
unfreezing
All of the following are exempt from the overtime provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act except
union workers on an automobile assembly line.
Costco has a reputation for paying higher than the prevailing wages in its industry. This is an example of a(n) ____ decision by its management.
wage-level
The major difference between wages and salary is
wages are based on hours worked while salary is based on contribution to the firm.
Investors went crazy for the IPO of Tesla, an electric car maker. Tesla has a competitive position of medium and the industry attractiveness is high. According to GE's Business Screen, Tesla is a(n)
winner