Management chapter 4
What are maquiladoras?
Foreign-owned manufacturing plants that operate in Mexico in exchange for employing Mexican citizens
Which form of communication would be the most appropriate in high-context cultures?
Having a face-to-face conversation with another person
Which of Hofstede's cultural dimensions is concerned with how much people prefer to focus on themselves or how much they look after one another?
Individualism/collectivism
Identify the principal organizations designed to facilitate international trade. (Choose all correct answers.)
International Monetary Fund World Bank World Trade Organization
People in the United States are more likely to tolerate risk than people in Japan. Which of Hofstede's dimensions does this describe?
Uncertainty avoidance
What is outsourcing?
Using suppliers outside the company to provide goods and services
East-West Traders, based in Los Angeles, buys home accessories from Italy and then resells them domestically. What process is this company using to obtain goods?
importing
When a company obtains goods from outside the country, to be resold in domestic markets, it is using _____.
importing
It is more common in China than in the United States for people to be more concerned about the group than about themselves. Which of Hofstede's dimension does this demonstrate?
individualism/ collectivism
Globalization is the trend of the world economy becoming a more _______ system.
interdependent
What is a top recommendation for improving cross-cultural competency?
learn a foreign language
A person from Germany is from a(n) ______ culture, because shared meanings are primarily derived from written and spoken words.
low-context
In a ______ culture, shared meanings are often derived from written and spoken words.
low-context
Foreign companies with manufacturing plants that are allowed to operate in Mexico with special privileges in exchange for employing Mexican citizens are known as _______.
maquiladoras
A preference for doing one thing at a time is characteristic of ______ time.
monochronic
When Matt was meeting with Susan, he focused exclusively on the meeting. He did not check his incoming texts or respond to a phone call. This reflects a preference for ______.
monochronic time
If Norway decided to reduce import duties for Germany, which allowed Germany to export more cars to Norway at a lower cost, it would create a stronger tie between these two countries. In this situation, Norway is granting Germany _____ trading status.
most favored nation
A company that has operations in several countries is called a(n) ______.
multinational corporation
Wal-Mart is an example of a(n) ______ because it is a business with operations in multiple countries.
multinational corporation
Using suppliers outside of the company to provide materials to make goods and services is called _____.
outsourcing
Another way to describe ethnocentrism is as a narrow view in which people see things solely through their own perspective. This is called _____.
parochialism
Individuals in societies with high _______ believe that power should be distributed unequally within organizations and throughout society.
power distance
The GLOBE Project dimension that focuses on how much unequal distribution of power should exist in organizations and society is _____.
power distance
Countries grant most favored nation status as a way to ______.
promote strong and more stable ties between countries
The masculinity/femininity dimension identified by Hofstede reflects how people value performance-oriented traits or how much they value _____ traits.
relationship-oriented
Approximately two-thirds of India's GDP is made up of ___.
services
During his most recent trip to Mexico, Gerard was able to purchase 15 Mexican pesos for each American dollar he had. This transaction is an example of _____.
the exchange trade
The "shrinking" of time and space as air travel and the electronic media make it easier for people of the world to communicate with one another refers to _____.
the global village
Which of the following are among the most-imported goods in the United States? (Choose every correct answer.)
- TVs - Pharmaceuticals Cell Phones
What are India's primary economic strengths?
1.Technological and scientific expertise 2.Reputation in services 3.English-speaking population
The GLOBE project studies _____ cultural dimensions.
9
Which of the following are problems with using expatriate employees? (Choose every correct answer.)
Early turnover Failure to effectively manage the return of expatriates ultimately reducing the company's return on investment High costs to the organization sending their employees overseas as expatriates
What two things are credited with creating the "global village?" (Choose every correct answer.)
Electronic media Convenient air travel
Which are examples of devices countries use to exert trade protectionism? (Choose every correct answer.)
Embargoes Tariffs Import quotas
What are the benefits of understanding context? (Choose every correct answer.)
It enhances your ability to fit comfortably into a particular context. It gives you insights that let you correctly interpret the "what" and "why" of someone's behavior. It enables you to more effectively communicate with and influence others.
What are reasons for global outsourcing, or offshoring, to a foreign supplier? (Choose every correct answer.)
It has labor that is cheaper than American labor. It has special expertise. It has resources not available in the U.S.
Which of the following statements about a nation's culture are correct? (Choose every correct answer.)
It operates in large part outside of individual awareness. It unconsciously teaches us how to walk, talk, behave, and relate to other people. It is made up of many nuances.
Which cultural dimensions were identified by the Dutch researcher Geert Hofstede? (Choose every correct answer.)
Masculinity/feminity Individualism/collectivism Uncertainty avoidance Power distance
When interacting with others in a new cultural context, which of the following activities are likely to improve cross-cultural competency? (Choose every correct answer.)
Observe. Listen.
Research by the GLOBE project revealed that U.S. managers score high on which cultural dimensions? (Choose every correct answer.)
Performance orientation Assertiveness
Which country's low scores on the cultural dimensions of future orientation and performance orientation indicate that it may struggle to transition from a centrally planned economy to free-market capitalism?
Russia
Which of these events are credited with setting up the conditions by which the global economy - goods, people, and money moving freely throughout the world - could flourish?
The fall of the Berlin Wall The worldwide trend of governments deregulating their economies Asian countries opening their economies to foreign investors
Which of the following activities would enhance cross-cultural competency?
Watching an international film Taking a course on Black history Playing an unfamiliar sport that is popular in a different culture
History shows that countries used to be concerned only with regulating their own economies. As times have changed, goods, people, and money now move more freely throughout the world. These changes reflect the idea of _____.
a global economy
During her interview, Sicily told the recruiter that she had worked overseas for the past six years where she had to learn a new language, understand the social rules of the country she was living in and adjust to cramped living quarters. This recruiter would see these conditions as a demonstration of Sicily's _____.
adaptability
When dealing with someone from a different culture whose behavior seems odd or insulting, what is the best way to respond?
ask questions of someone familiar with the context
The trend of the world economy toward becoming a more interdependent system is referred to as _______.
globalization
In a ______ culture, people rely heavily on situational cues for meaning when communicating with others.
high context
The situational or environmental characteristics that affect a person's behavior are called _____.
context
The ability to operate in different cultures is the definition of _____.
cross-cultural awareness
A shared set of beliefs, values, knowledge, and patterns of behavior common to a group of people is known as a(n) ______.
culture
The GLOBE project studies the _____ dimensions involved in organizational and leadership processes.
culture
Dutch researcher Geert Hofstede identified four cultural dimensions by studying _____.
data on IBM employees from dozens of countries
Managers who are ______ believe that their native country, culture, language, and behavior are superior to all others.
ethnocentric
The rate at which the currency of one country can be exchanged for the currency of another country is called the _____ rate.
exchange
Lisette is a Canadian manager working in a foreign country on assignment for her company. Lisette is therefore a(n) ______.
expatriate
The practice of producing goods domestically and selling them outside the country is referred to as _______.
exporting
High-end Levi's jeans that are produced in the United States but then sold to stores in China and France are an example of US _____.
exports
True or false: Currently, the United States exports more than it imports
false
Nations are easily able to trade with one another when there aren't any political or economic obstructions hampering the process. This is known as _____.
free trade
The ability to move goods and services among nations without any political or economic obstruction is called _____.
free trade
A US company that chooses to use suppliers outside of the United States to provide labor, goods, or services, is practicing _______.
global outsourcing
The World Trade Organization, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund are the three principal organizations designed to facilitate international _____.
trade
The use of government regulations to limit the import of goods and services is called _____.
trade protectionism
A group of nations within a geographical region that have agreed to remove trade barriers with one another is called _____.
trading bloc
An economic community, also known as a _______, is a group of nations within a certain geographical region that have agreed to remove trade barriers with one another.
trading bloc