Management

Which statement indicates that the manager is delivering performance feedback in a positive way?

"You have missed several days of work this month, and you showed up late twice. Tell me how you plan to make sure this won't keep happening."

What act was passed in order to allow employees the right to vote to have a union and the rules for collective bargaining?

1935 Wagner Act

What act was passed in order to allow the president of the United States to prevent or end a strike that threatens national security?

1947 Taft-Hartley Act

Select all of the examples of transformational leaders.

A leader who provides great coaching and mentoring to employees A leader effectively communicating the company's SWOT to employees

Select all of the examples of transactional leaders.

A leader who sets the goals, leads to them, and prepares very clear performance standards A leader who makes sure all the team members are clear on their roles, holds them accountable, and monitors their progress

What is a sales commission?

A pay-for-performance plan in which employees are paid a percentage of the earnings the company makes from the products and services they sell

What is profit sharing?

A portion of the company's earnings, which it distributes to certain employees, based on factors such as performance, attendance, and lateness

What is brainstorming?

A process for generating ideas

What is mentoring?

A process in which an employee provides guidance and supervision to a fellow employee who has less experience

What is shadowing?

A type of job training that involves observing other employees at work

Select all of the major factors Herzberg associated with job satisfaction.

Advancement Responsibility Elements of the job

Which type of team would be most likely to have the goal of producing a report of findings and suggestions?

Advice

Select all of the major areas addressed by Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) law.

Affirmative action Hostile work environment Sexual harassment Discrimination

What is a stock option?

An incentive in which the employee is granted the right to buy shares of the company at a future date for a discounted price

What is an apprenticeship?

An on-the-job training program in which a new employee works on the job beside an experienced employee to learn a specific craft

Select all of the true statements regarding performance appraisals.

An organization's human resources department can help managers evaluate their subordinates' job performance. Employees should maintain a positive mindset when receiving a negative review.

Select all of the elements of strategic planning.

Analysis of competition Involvement of top executives Focus on the long run

A new flight attendant works with a more experienced flight attendant to master the job requirements, including helping customers find their seats and stow their bags efficiently and without conflicts. This is an example of what type of training program?

Apprenticeship

In which types of training do employees perform actual work during the training? More than one answer may be correct.

Apprenticeship Job rotation

What are two of the five job-related factors that managers can use to create role empowerment?

Autonomy Feedback

At a meeting to come up with a solution to a manufacturing problem, managers call out any ideas they can come up with, trying to be as creative as they can. What is this process called?

Brainstorming

How can planning help improve worker efficiency?

By facilitating better organization of worker tasks

Select all of the ways of meeting social needs in the workplace.

Celebrating workers' birthdays Holding employee weekend retreats Offering a company softball team

Select all of the actions included in decision-making.

Choosing actions Identifying alternatives

Select all of the principles thought to lead to increased productivity under scientific management theory.

Choosing the right worker for each job Scientifically evaluating each element of a job Using proper training and work methods

Select all of the areas of focus of transactional leaders.

Clarifying employee roles Setting goals Monitoring progress

To create changes in followers' goals, values, and beliefs, transformational leaders take four key actions, including which two of the following?

Communicating a strong sense of purpose Inspiring trust by expressing their integrity

Which of the following communicate organizational culture? More than one answer may be correct.

Company slogans A formal dress code An open-office floor plan

Select all of the characteristics that are part of the definition of a team.

Complementary skills Common commitment to a goal

What term is used to describe the process of creating additional plans that may be put in place if chosen courses of action do not prove to be effective?

Contingency planning

Select all of the elements of tactical planning.

Coordination of supervisory activities Lack of clearly defined procedures

What is the focus of transactional leadership?

Creating a smooth-running organization and motivating employees to meet performance goals

You are an operations manager talking with store managers and employees about some lags in service. They tell you they need to build systems that allow the frontline staff to make decisions quicker. The employees' biggest complaint is that they have to ask their boss before making any decision. The employees say they feel silly having to do this all the time, and their managers are inundated with additional, unnecessary work because of this. Which control measure is applicable to this situation?

Decentralize decision making and facilitate teamwork.

What term is used to describe the process of identifying alternatives and choosing a course of action?

Decision-making

What is the grouping of jobs into working units called departments, groups, or divisions?

Departmentalization

What is the best definition of problems in business?

Difficulties that get in the way of business success

What are some of the basic structural characteristics of an organization? More than one answer may be correct.

Division of labor Authority, accountability, and responsibility Span of control

What are all the ways in which organizational culture is communicated?

Dress code Office layout Slogans

What are advantages of a functional structure? More than one answer may be correct.

Easier management of departmental activities Increased efficiency

Which managerial quality is chiefly focused on achieving goals?

Effectiveness

In a staff meeting of the General Maintenance company, Julian reports that third-quarter earnings have met the company's goals set at the beginning of the year. Morgan also gives a report telling her supervisors how redistribution of labor and lowered materials costs contributed to the third-quarter gains. What principle of business management does Morgan's report exemplify?

Efficiency

What is an outcome of decentralized authority?

Employees have higher morale.

What is an outcome of centralized authority?

Employees have more occupational specialization.

What are disadvantages of a functional structure? More than one answer may be correct.

Employees may think too much alike. The organization may be slow to respond to changes that are occurring outside the organization. Employees may become narrow specialists.

Which departments are formed based on function?

Finance department Production department

Julian puts in a full 40-hour workweek but does not arrive for work at the same time as most of the other employees because he must care for his elderly parents every morning. He makes up for the lost time by staying on the job later than his coworkers or by working a few hours on weekends. What noncompensation strategy is his employer using to accommodate Julian's situation?

Flextime

Select all the elements of operational planning.

Focus on a period of one week to one year Coordination with middle management Performed by supervisory management

What type of appraisals are conducted at scheduled times of the year and are based on preestablished performance measures?

Formal

Select all the examples of middle managers.

General managers Division heads Branch managers

Which theory of motivation proposes that people can be motivated by specifically defined objectives that are challenging but achievable?

Goal-setting theory

Select all of the aspects covered under the guidelines provided by the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA).

Handling machinery with moving parts Use of personal protective equipment

What is an example of the planning function of management?

Holding a January staff meeting to set goals for the year

What is an example of the leading function of business?

Holding weekly motivation meetings

Select all of the examples of physiological needs.

Housing Water Food

Select all of the points of difference between structured and unstructured interviews.

How questions are asked How responses are rated

What did Herzberg call lower level needs, such as working conditions and pay, which he blamed for worker dissatisfaction?

Hygiene factors

You and your colleagues are preparing for a meeting with the CEO to discuss some recent difficulties that are hindering achievement of goals. What phase of the decision-making process are you in?

Identifying the problem

Select all of the true statements about employee assessments.

In a forced ranking performance review system, all employees within one business unit are compared to each other. In a 360-degree assessment, one employee is being appraised by various people.

What are incentives?

Inducements offered to attract and retain top performers and to encourage employees to be more productive

What type of appraisals are conducted at unscheduled times and consist of less rigorous indications of employee performance?

Informal

What is the focus of a transformational leadership style?

Inspiring long-term vision, creativity, and exceptional performance in employees

What are two of the four key actions of transformational leaders?

Inspiring motivation by promoting a grand design Actively encouraging employee development

Select all of the true statements about the human relations movement.

It changed the focus of motivational research to a more psychological approach. It was launched by the discovery of the Hawthorne effect.

Select the statements that are true about division of labor.

It encourages workers to perform specialized tasks. It has the potential to increase an organization's efficiency.

What does the National Labor Relations Board do?

It enforces the procedures allowing employees to vote to have a union and the rules for collective bargaining.

Select all of the statements that are true about flextime.

It helps employees schedule time for their family responsibilities. The employee is typically required to be at work during certain hours to participate in meetings and consultations.

Select all of the statements that are true of a sales commission.

It is a percentage of the earnings the company makes from products and services the employee sells. It is a type of pay-for-performance incentive.

Select all of the statements that are true about profit sharing.

It is a type of incentive. The amount is often determined by factors such as how well the employee has been performing on the job and whether the individual has frequently missed work or arrived late.

Select all of the criteria an organization must meet in order to be subject to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

It must employ 15 or more employees. It must be engaged in an industry affecting interstate commerce.

Which of these statements is true according to management scholar John Kotter?

Leaders cope with change, and managers cope with complexity.

What is an example of the organizing function of managment?What is an example of the organizing function of managment?

Making work assignments

What term describes planning, organizing, leading, and controlling a business?

Management

Which statement about leaders and managers dealing with challenges is true according to John Kotter?

Managers cope with complexity, and leaders cope with change.

Which of the following examples represents punishment?

Marley is demoted because she forgot to follow up with a client.

Your boss suggests the following: "We could organize our departments in a grid formation by product and by function." Which type of structure or division is your boss referring to?

Matrix structure

Select all of the essential elements of validity.

Measuring what something claims to measure Being free of bias

What is the best definition of effectiveness in management?

Meeting goals successfully

What training process involves an experienced employee who supervises, teaches, and provides general guidance for a less-experienced employee?

Mentoring

Select all of the areas for which the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act lays down guidelines.

Minimum wages Working hours

What are the first two steps in the control process?

Monitor performance. Establish standards.

What name did Herzberg give to higher level needs, such as recognition and achievement, that he considered responsible for worker satisfaction?

Motivating factors

Select all of the statements that characterize the beliefs of leaders, not managers.

Motivating people is very important, especially knowledge workers. Employees need to be empowered to share in responsibilities and decision-making.

What strategy can employers use to encourage employees to join or remain with the firm, show up for work on time, work effectively, and take on extra projects?

Motivation

What is the best definition of benefits?

Nonwage or nonsalary forms of compensation paid for by the organization for its employees

Select all of the ways that esteem needs are met in the workplace.

Offering a bonus for high-quality work Promoting employees to a managerial position Holding an awards dinner to honor employees

What type of training occurs at the workplace while employees are performing job-related tasks?

On-the-job training

Which type of planning involves figuring out how to accomplish specific tasks with available resources over a period of as little as one week to one year?

Operational planning

What three things do transactional leaders steadily pursue?

Order Performance goals Stability

Select the four functions of management.

Organizing Controlling Planning Leading

Select all of the functions of management in business.

Organizing Planning Controlling

Select all of the actions that represent the fulfillment of self-actualization needs.

Painting a picture to explore your feelings Seeing a therapist in order to understand yourself better Taking classes to explore a new interest

What happens during the second step of the control process?

Performance is measured.

What three sources are used to monitor performance?

Personal observations Written reports Oral reports

What general term is used to describe issues that interfere with successfully achieving goals in business?

Problems

Select all of the major factors that Herzberg associated with job dissatisfaction.

Relationships with management Relationships with coworkers Company policies

Select all of the qualities of S.M.A.R.T. goals.

Relevant Measurable Specific

Select all of the programs paid for by social security funds.

Retirement plans Medicare

Select all of the examples of safety needs.

Retirement savings Health care Protection from violence

Select all of the examples of managers giving performance feedback in a positive way.

Ricardo listens while his subordinate explains how she believes she could improve the quality of her work. Gina mentions that Lucas has been late for work six times in one month.

Select all of the people who are covered by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Roberta, who has been diagnosed with a mental disability Reynaldo, who works for a government contractor

In what type of training does an employee learn by observing experienced workers performing their jobs?

Shadowing

Workers at Quality Manufacturing are dissatisfied with the company's new policy of 12-hour work shifts. Which type of manager is most likely to communicate their complaints to company owners?

Supervisory-level managers

Select all of the ways in which organizational culture is communicated.

Symbols Stories

What are three of the five factors that managers can use to impact workers' motivation and performance?

Task significance Skill variety Task identity

What term is used to describe a working group that shares common goals and works together to achieve them?

Team

What is proposed by goal-setting theory?

That specific and challenging but achievable objectives can motivate employees

What is the relationship between the 1935 Wagner Act and the National Labor Relations Board?

The 1935 Wagner Act created the National Labor Relations Board.

Which theory of worker motivation led to the growth of the human relations movement?

The Hawthorne effect

What is a control standard?

The desired performance level for a given goal

What is the best definition of contingency planning?

The development of alternative planning ideas in case original plans are not feasible

On an organizational chart, what is horizontal specialization?

The different jobs in the organization

What movement that arose during the 1950s changed the focus of organizational behavior studies to a more psychological approach?

The human relations movement

What is the focus of equity theory?

The idea that employees seek fairness in the rewards they expect for task performance

What is base pay?

The wage or salary that workers are paid for doing their job

What is the basic difference between McGregor's Theory X and Ouchi's Theory Z?

Theory X assumes employees avoid work, and Theory Z assumes employee's are hard-working.

Select all of the theories based on the assumption that managers need to be conscious of their feelings toward employees.

Theory Y Theory X

Select all of the true statements about S.M.A.R.T. goals.

They are attainable. They are time-bound.

What are three things transformational leaders do to create changes in followers' goals, values, and beliefs?

They inspire motivation by promoting a grand design. They actively encourage employee development. They inspire trust by expressing their integrity.

According to researchers at Harvard University studying the Hawthorne effect, how did workers respond when they felt that managers cared about them?

They worked harder.

Select the four major benefits of managerial planning.

Thinking ahead Monitoring progress Coordinating departments Dealing with uncertainty

Which example best represents the top level of management?

Thom meets with executives to decide the direction of a new marketing campaign.

You are an owner at a local bakery. There has been a natural disaster in the area where your suppliers are. This has caused issues for them, and everyone in the supply chain is now concerned about price increases. This is tough because you need to either reduce margins or raise prices, and your primary customers are very price sensitive. In which column of your SWOT analysis should you list these factors?

Threats

What was the purpose of the 1935 Wagner Act?

To allow employees to vote to have a union and the rules for collective bargaining

What is the desired impact of a vision statement?

To attract investors, workers, and customers who share a company's vision

What are three of the reasons employers might wish to motivate workers?

To get them to come to work on time To get them to join the company To encourage them to remain at the company

From the following list, select all of the purposes of a performance appraisal.

To help managers counsel employees about their training and personal development To help employees see how well they are achieving objectives and conforming to the organization's standards

Select all of the purposes of a company's training and development programs.

To improve employee safety To fill gaps in the employee's job-related knowledge To improve employee performance and productivity

What was the purpose of the 1993 Family and Medical Leave Act?

To require employers to provide employees with job protection during an absence

Which level of management is most likely responsible for deciding that instituting a new operations system would lead to long-term profits and possible future expansion?

Top level

Select all of the common corrective actions that might be taken during the final step of the control process if performance standards are not met.

Unrealistic standards might be revised to be more attainable. Management might give employees more attention and direction. Management might give employees additional needed resources.

What is the main difference between structured and unstructured interviews?

Unstructured interviews are more conversational.

What is the best definition of efficiency in business management?

Using resources wisely to reach goals

Select all of the internal SWOT components.

Weaknesses Strengths

What is the main difference between internal and external recruiting?

Where the job candidates currently work

Select all the groups that are explicitly protected under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Women Religious minorities Racial and ethnic minorities

Select all of the statements that are part of Herzberg's two-factor theory.

Work satisfaction is associated with higher level needs. Motivating factors such as responsibility and recognition can improve satisfaction. Work dissatisfaction emerges from hygiene factors such as salary and working conditions.

From the following list, select all of the examples of tools used in off-the-job training.

Workbooks Videos Online distance learning

What was the major finding of the researchers who discovered the Hawthorne effect?

Workers responded positively to special attention from managers.

Under employment law, what is compensation?

Workers' hours, pay, and benefits

A manager's assessment of how well an employee is doing at work is called ______.

a performance appraisal

Control standards can be set for almost anything, but they are easier to measure if they ______.

are quantifiable

A cash award given to employees who achieve particular performance objectives, sometimes calculated as a percentage of sales or according to the employee's rank in the organization and years of employment, is called a(n)

bonus

Laws and administration regarding workers' hours, pay, and benefits are known as

compensation and benefits

Malia works for a company that manufactures electronics, and she is responsible for monitoring the laws and regulations regarding the chemicals and other materials her company uses to make its products. When new laws and regulations are expected to be implemented, Malia informs the design team and other key managers so that adjustments can be made to the manufacturing process. This is an example of how control is used to ______.

deal with changes and uncertainties

When correcting negative performance during the fourth step in the control process, you should first ______.

determine the reasons for the negative performance

When people are hired or promoted—or denied hiring or promotion—for reasons not relevant to the job, it is called

discrimination

The cost-effective use of resources, such as labor and materials, in order to realize goals is called

efficiency

The 1993 Family and Medical Leave Act requires ______ to provide job-protected and unpaid leave for particular medical and family reasons.

employers

When a company sets a control standard, it is ______.

establishing the desired performance level for a given goal

Who concentrates on what work is referred to as ______.

horizontal specialization

Inducements offered to attract and retain top performers and to encourage employees to be more productive are called ______.

incentives

According to management scholar John Kotter, ______ cope with change instead of complexity.

leaders

Theory X and Theory Y both make the assumption that ______.

managers need to be aware of their attitudes about their employees

When comparing performance against standards, the greater the deviation from the target, whether positive or negative, the greater the ______.

need for action

Classroom programs and vestibule training are typically used in ______ training.

off-the-job

Training that employees experience at some location other than the workplace is called ______.

off-the-job training

John has recently joined Company X. He has been assigned to work alongside an experienced employee at the work site to learn the tasks required to perform a job. This is a type of ______.

on-the-job training

The process of familiarizing newly hired employees with fellow workers, company policies, and other important information is known as

onboarding

In business, favorable situations that offer the possibility of advancement are called

opportunities

In the problem identification stage of decision-making, it is important to look beyond day-to-day difficulties to find circumstances that present the chance for meeting or surpassing goals. These circumstances are known as ______.

opportunities

A box-and-lines illustration showing the formal lines of authority and official positions or work specializations is a(n) ______.

organizational chart

In addition to her salary, Tabitha is paid a piece rate according to how much work she completes. This incentive is called ______.

pay for performance

Laurent is a high-performing employee who has never arrived late or missed a day of work. As a reward, the company apportions him a percentage of its earnings. Laurent is enjoying an incentive called ______.

profit sharing

When comparing performance to standards, how acceptable the deviation from the standard is depends on the ______.

range of deviation

Behavior modification uses ______ to change human behavior.

reinforcement theory

A test that measures the same thing consistently is said to be

reliable

Part of a company's recruiting efforts is the

selection process

Prime location, proximity, and ample exposure to the target group can be considered ______.

strengths

The vertical hierarchy shown on an organizational chart is also referred to as ______.

the chain of command

Extinction occurs when ______.

the positive reward for undesirable behavior is withheld or withdrawn

Steps a company takes to help employees improve their performance, productivity, and safety on the job are called ______.

training and development

Leaders with a ______ leadership style focus on inspiring long-term vision, creativity, and exceptional performance in employees and on promoting high levels of commitment and loyalty.

transformational

A test that measures what it claims to measure and is free of bias is considered to be a(n)

validity test

The vertical hierarchy of authority depicts ______.

who reports to whom

The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) provides guidelines for ______.

working conditions