Marketing Ch. 3
The green movement will likely spark the least interest in which of the following? A) recycling programs B) environmentally sustainable strategies C) social responsibility D) Internet usage E) biodegradability
Internet Usage
Members of which type of market buy goods and services for further processing or for use in the production process? A) business B) reseller C) wholesale D) consumer E) retail
business
) A society's ________ are expressed in how people view themselves, organizations, society, nature, and the universe. A) marketing responses B) cultural values C) demographics D) public policies E) economies
cultural views
If baby boomers are predictors of where product and service demand will be, increased demands will most likely be evident in ________ in the coming years. A) university enrollment B) beer and wine C) financial services D) the apparel industry E) the organic food industry
financial services
Watching the cultural trends of how people view others, observers have noted an increased interest in ________. A) socializing with co-workers B) going out less and staying home more C) patriotism D) do-it-yourself projects E) adventurous experiences
going out less and staying home more
Which type of market buys goods and services to produce public services or to transfer them to others who need them? A) government B) reseller C) wholesale D) consumer E) retail
government
A country with a(n) ________ economy has rich markets for many different kinds of goods. A) industrial B) service C) rural D) subsistence E) multicultural
industrial
In the 1950's the American population began shifting from large cities to ________. A) farming communities B) rural areas C) foreign countries D) suburbs E) coastal towns
suburbs
The primary concern for consumers with the boom in Internet marketing is ________. A) pornography B) false advertising C) privacy D) sustainability E) social responsibility
privacy
Assume that you are a manager at a firm that has hired lobbyists to influence legislation affecting your firm's industry to its advantage. Your firm takes a(n) ________ approach to the marketing environment. A) reactive B) proactive C) adversarial D) passive E) team work
proactive
Cultural forecasters have noted a renewed American interest in ________. A) dominating and taming nature B) the fine arts C) work as a source of satisfaction and self-definition D) spirituality E) organized religion
spirituality
In 1950, women made up less than 40 percent of the workforce; now they make up ________. A) 35 percent B) 40 percent C) 43 percent D) 46 percent E) 59 percent
59 percent
Which of the following best explains why Gen Xers who are parents tend to put family before career? A) Gen Xers were the first generation of latchkey kids. B) Gen Xers were minimally affected by the recent economic downturn. C) Gen Xers are more skeptical about marketing than members of other generations are. D) Gen Xers are not as educated as members of other generations are. E) Gen Xers do not face as many economic pressures as members of other generations do.
A) Gen Xers were the first generation of latchkey kids.
In considering the changing American family, which of the following are marketers likely to consider the LEAST important? A) The number of traditional households has increased. B) Baby boomers are hitting retirement age. C) Almost one-third of American households are not traditional families. D) Married couples with children make up less than 25% of the nation's households. E) The number of stay-at-home fathers has increased in the past 20 years.
A) The number of traditional households has increased.
Which of the following descriptions most accurately characterizes Millennials? A) They are children of baby boomers. B) They are not as technologically savvy as Gen Xers are. C) They have reached their peak earning and spending years. D) They were once labeled "the MTV generation." E) They have graduated from college and are taking over positions of power in the business world.
A) They are children of baby boomers.
Of the following diversity segments in the American population, which is currently the largest? A) adults with disabilities B) Hispanics C) African Americans D) telecommuters E) Asian Americans
A) adults with disabilities
The most important demographic trend in the United States is the ________. A) changing age structure of the population B) mobility of the population C) slowing birth rate D) increasing growth in professional jobs E) changing structure of the family
A) changing age structure of the population
A company or association's ________ is designed to help guide responses to complex social responsibility issues. A) code of ethics B) cause-related marketing C) discretion in enforcing regulations D) privacy policy E) core value system
A) code of ethics
Banks, credit companies, insurance companies, and other businesses that help finance transactions or insure against the risks associated with the buying and selling of goods and services are referred to as ________. A) financial intermediaries B) physical distribution firms C) marketing service agencies D) resellers E) wholesalers
A) financial intermediaries
Business legislation has been created for three basic reasons: to protect companies from each other, to protect consumers, and to ________. A) protect the interests of society B) regulate prices C) increase world trade D) regulate monopolies E) promote environmental sustainability
A) protect the interests of society
Which of the following American government agencies is charged with setting and enforcing pollution standards? A) the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) B) the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) C) the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) D) the Consumer Product Safety Commission E) the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
A) the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
You are directed to study the factors that are larger societal forces that affect your company-demographic, economic, natural, technological, political, and cultural. What are you studying? A) the macroenvironment B) the microenvironment C) the marketing environment D) the marketing mix E) the global environment
A) the macroenvironment
Which of the following terms is used to describe the factors and forces outside marketing that affect marketing management's ability to build and maintain successful relationships with target customers? A) the marketing environment B) strategic planning C) target markets D) the marketing mix E) none of the above
A) the marketing environment
Which of the following demographic trends is likely the most responsible for the increasing number of people who telecommute? A) the migration toward micropolitan and suburban areas B) the move from rural to metropolitan areas C) the increasing number of nontraditional households D) the growing percentage of married couples who do not have children E) the declining number of manufacturing workers
A) the migration toward micropolitan and suburban areas
Which of the following demographic groups has NOT seen a percentage increase in the past 50 years? A) women staying at home with their children B) men staying at home with their children C) nontraditional households D) nonfamily households E) women working outside of the home
A) women staying at home with their children
Which of the following statements about income distribution in the United States is NOT true? A) In recent decades, the rich have gotten richer. B) In recent decades, the middle class has grown. C) In recent decades, the poor have remained poor. D) The top 10 percent of American earners account for almost half of all American income. E) The top one percent of American earners receive a higher percentage of the nation's total income than do the bottom 50 percent of American earners.
B) In recent decades, the middle class has grown.
Which of the following is an accurate statement about the diversity of the American population? A) African Americans represent the largest non-white segment of the population. B) More than 12 percent of people living in the United States were born in another country. C) The Asian American percentage of the population is expected to remain steady in the next 50 years. D) In terms of ethnic diversity, the United States is about average in comparison to other countries with populations of a comparable size. E) American ethnic populations are expected to slowly increase in the next few decades.
B) More than 12 percent of people living in the United States were born in another country.
Which of the following descriptions most accurately characterizes Gen Xers? A) There are more Gen Xers than Millennials. B) They were the first generation of latchkey kids. C) They tend to put career before family. D) They are more interested in acquiring goods than having experiences. E) They rarely research a product before purchasing it.
B) They were the first generation of latchkey kids.
With an expected increase in ethnic diversity, marketers are likely to place a greater emphasis on ________. A) geographic segmentation B) differing advertising messages C) mass marketing D) "us and them" paradigms E) tiered markets
B) differing advertising messages
The recent rash of business scandals and increased concerns about the environment have created fresh interest in the issues of ________ and ________. A) ethics; promotion responsibility B) ethics; social responsibility C) finances; employee discrimination D) management ethics; cultural bias E) promotion; pricing
B) ethics; social responsibility
Workers, managers, and members of the board of directors are all part of a company's ________. A) general public B) internal public C) local public D) intermediary public E) market public
B) internal public
A radio station that carries news, features, and editorial opinions about your area is best classified as which type of public? A) financial B) media C) citizen-action D) local E) regional
B) media
The natural resources that are needed as inputs by marketers or that are affected by marketing activities are referred to as the ________. A) raw material market B) natural environment C) endangered environment D) green movement E) factors of production
B) natural environment
Which type of organization helps companies to stock and move goods from their points of origin to their destination? A) financial intermediary B) physical distribution firm C) marketing service firm D) reseller E) supplier
B) physical distribution firm
Marketers can take a(n) ________ by taking aggressive action to affect the publics and forces in their marketing environments. A) environmental perspective B) proactive stance C) natural perspective D) natural management perspective E) relationship building perspective
B) proactive stance
Because of an expected increase in ethnic populations, marketers are likely to place a greater emphasis on ________. A) geographic segmentation B) targeted advertising messages C) mass marketing D) mainstream advertising E) cause-related marketing
B) targeted advertising messages
You are directed to study the actors close to the company that affect its ability to serve its customers-departments within the company, suppliers, marketing intermediaries, customer markets, competitors, and publics. What are you studying? A) the macroenvironment B) the microenvironment C) the marketing environment D) the green movement E) the global environment
B) the microenvironment
Which of the following most accurately reflects the popularity of telecommuting? A) Almost all American businesses are expected to offer telecommuting options within the next decade. B) The majority of American businesses currently offer telecommuting programs for their employees. C) About 40% of American businesses currently offer telecommuting programs for their employees. D) About 25% of American businesses currently offer telecommuting programs for their employees. E) The percentage of American businesses offering telecommuting programs is expected to decline within the next decade.
C) About 40% of American businesses currently offer telecommuting programs for their employees.
Which of the following is a result of regulations set up by the Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Product Safety Commission? A) The time lag between new product ideas and their introduction to the market has decreased. B) Spending on research and development has decreased. C) Research costs for companies have grown. D) More companies have failed to meet safety standards. E) Companies are more focused on making practical, affordable versions of products.
C) Research costs for companies have grown.
Americans are very mobile. Over the past two decades, the U.S. population has shifted most heavily toward the ________ states. A) Midwestern B) Northwestern C) Sunbelt D) Southeastern E) Northeastern
C) Sunbelt
Currently, Diego Calabresa is employed by a firm that conducts marketing research and creates ads for other companies that help them target and promote their products to the right markets. Who is Diego's employer? A) a financial intermediary B) a physical distribution firm C) a marketing service agency D) a reseller E) a green marketer
C) a marketing service agency
Cause-related marketing is ________. A) a response to customer needs B) a primary form of environmental awareness C) a primary form of corporate giving D) a response to corporate political problems E) an attempt to influence customers' core beliefs
C) a primary form of corporate giving
Trends in people's views of organizations indicate that which of the following has increased in the past twenty years? A) employees' loyalty to their employers B) confidence in American political organizations C) distrust in big American businesses D) distrust in small, local businesses E) employees' view of work as a source of satisfaction
C) distrust in big American businesses
Which of the following combinations of expenses use up most household income? A) food, housing, retirement planning B) housing, insurance, taxes C) food, housing, transportation D) housing, taxes, transportation E) food, travel, savings
C) food, housing, transportation
Consumers undertaking which of the following would be most likely to be identified as "cocooning" or "nesting"? A) taking a cruise B) taking up a new sport C) having a home entertainment center installed D) hiking the Grand Canyon E) traveling to Asia
C) having a home entertainment center installed
Chet Hoffman's chain of travel agencies has identified the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender community as a growing market that spends an increasing percentage of its income on travel. Which of the following would be the least effective component of a marketing plan for Chet to take advantage of this opportunity? A) develop a presence on LGBT-oriented social networking sites B) position his agency as focused on specialized experiences C) implement a mass marketing campaign D) place specially-targeted ads in gay-themed publications E) advertise on LOGO
C) implement a mass marketing campaign
All of the groups within a company are called the ________. A) culture B) diversity C) internal environment D) climate E) range
C) internal environment
Because of increasing ________, Americans will demand higher quality products, books, magazines, travel, personal computers, and Internet services. A) numbers of nontraditional families B) family size C) levels of education D) social class awareness E) ethnic diversity
C) levels of education
As more and more Americans are moving to "micropolitan areas," marketers can most reasonably assume that ________. A) geographic segmentation may be less critical B) rural populations will offer an expanding market C) micropolitan areas may offer the same advantages as metropolitan areas D) congested areas may become more ensnarled E) crime rates in metropolitan areas will increase
C) micropolitan areas may offer the same advantages as metropolitan areas
Marketers should be aware of laws, government agencies, and pressure groups that influence or limit various organizations and individuals in a given society. This is the ________ environment. A) socio-legal B) cultural C) political D) legal-technological E) economic
C) political
What movement has encouraged marketers to pursue environmentally sustainable strategies? A) the EPA B) the black market C) the green movement D) the SOHO movement E) green intervention
C) the green movement
A company's marketing environment includes various ________ that are made up of groups that have an actual or potential interest in, or impact on, an organization's ability to achieve its objectives. A) teams B) audiences C) markets D) publics E) intermediaries
D) publics
The legislation created to limit the number of commercials aired during children's programming is called the ________. A) Children's Online Privacy Protection Act B) Child Protection Act C) Commercial Product Act D) Children's Television Act E) Consumer Product Safety Act
D) Children's Television Act
Which of the following descriptions most accurately characterizes the baby boomers? A) They are aging and slowing down. B) They are a shrinking market for new housing and home remodeling. C) They are past their peak earning and spending years. D) They hold 75% of the country's financial assets. E) They were largely unaffected by the recent recession.
D) They hold 75% of the country's financial assets.
Consumer organizations and environmental groups are examples of ________ publics. A) general B) local C) government D) citizen-action E) media
D) citizen-action
Which of the following is NOT a type of factor in a company's macroenvironment? A) demographic B) economic C) technological D) competitor E) political
D) competitor
Percy Original caters to a market of individuals and households that buy goods and services for personal consumption. What type of market does Percy Original cater to? A) business B) reseller C) government D) consumer E) marketing intermediary
D) consumer
In a tiered market, companies target which of the following? A) affluent consumers only B) consumers of modest means only C) the middle class only D) consumers at all levels of income distribution E) professionals only
D) consumers at all levels of income distribution
Ernst Engel's laws generally have been supported by recent studies. He discovered that as family income rises, the percentage spent on ________ declines and the percentage spent on ________ remains about constant. A) food; clothing B) clothing; recreation/entertainment C) savings; transportation D) food; housing E) recreation/entertainment; savings
D) food; housing
The number of ________ households is now growing faster than the number of ________ households. A) traditional; nontraditional B) large; traditional C) nontraditional; smaller D) nontraditional; traditional E) male-dominant; female-dominant
D) nontraditional; traditional
A marketer of pesticides should be the least concerned about which of the following? A) shortages of raw materials B) increased pollution C) increased government intervention D) persistence of cultural values E) chemical pollutants in the food supply
D) persistence of cultural values
Value marketing is the strategy of offering consumers ________. A) high quality at a high price B) luxury quality at a high price C) lesser quality at a low price D) reasonable quality at a fair price E) little quality at a low price
D) reasonable quality at a fair price
A country with a(n) ________ economy consumes most of is own agricultural and industrial outputs and offers few market opportunities. A) industrial B) service C) technological D) subsistence E) developed
D) subsistence
Which of the following geographical areas has NOT experienced a recent population increase? A) micropolitan areas B) suburbs C) the West D) the Northeast E) the South
D) the Northeast
Which of the following is NOT an example of a public that is part of a company's marketing environment? A) financial B) media C) government D) citizen-action E) marketing department
E) marketing department
Norma Bernanke is a marketer at a pharmaceutical company that has just developed a new medication to treat asthma. Which of the following components of the political environment should Norma be least concerned with as her company begins to develop a marketing plan for the new product? A) approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) B) state laws regulating advertising of pharmaceuticals C) laws enforced by the Federal Trade Commission D) the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act E) the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act
E) the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act
Noora DeLange is helping her company develop a marketing program for a new product line. The program involves emphasizing experience over acquisition and uses a marketing pitch that is less overt than the company's previous programs. The marketing program is most likely designed to appeal to which of the following demographic groups? A) Gen Xers B) nontraditional households C) "micropolitan" populations D) Millennials E) manufacturing workers
Gen Xers
An increasing number of American workers work out of their homes with technological conveniences such as PCs, high-speed Internet access, and fax machines. These workers are referred to as the ________ market. A) LOHAS B) SOHO C) Gen X D) Millennial E) micropolitan
SOHO
Wholesome Soups, a maker of organic soups, is starting a new marketing campaign emphasizing the ease of preparing and eating Wholesome Soups on the go. Print, television, and Internet ads feature college-aged students enjoying Wholesome Soups in between classes and during study breaks. Wholesome Soups' new marketing campaign is most likely aimed at which of the following? A) baby boomers B) seniors C) Gen Xers D) Millennials E) the SOHO market
SOHO market
Which of the following is a potential downside to using patriotic themes in marketing programs? A) Levels of patriotism fluctuate rapidly. B) Patriotism has been on the decline in the past decade. C) Such promotions can be viewed as attempts to gain from others' triumph or tragedy. D) Americans are less confident in political organizations. E) Few marketers currently use this technique.
Such promotions can be viewed as attempts to gain from others' triumph or tragedy.
Which country leads the world in research and development spending? A) England B) Germany C) Sweden D) Japan E) US
US
Even the most liberal advocates of free-market economies agree that the system works best with ________ regulation. A) private B) maximum C) intermittent D) at least some E) no
at least some
Which of the following is the most commercially influential American demographic age group today? A) Generation X B) baby boomers C) Millennials D) seniors E) tweens
baby boomers
A society's basic values, perceptions, preferences, and behaviors are all part of its ________ environment. A) social B) cultural C) political D) cultural-economic E) natural
cultural
Your marketing department is currently researching the size, density, location, age, and occupations of your target market. Which environment is being researched? A) demographic B) psychographic C) economic D) geographic E) cultural
demographic
The ________ environment consists of factors that affect consumer purchasing power and spending patterns. A) cultural B) political C) technological D) economic E) natural
economic
Members of which of the following groups are more likely than the general population to have professional jobs, own a vacation home, own a notebook computer, and own individual stocks? A) Gen Xers B) gays and lesbians C) Millennials D) echo boomers E) environmentalists
gays and lesbians
Which demographic group was once labeled "the MTV generation" but has become the most educated generation to date? A) Generation X B) Millennials C) Generation Y D) baby boomers E) teenagers
gen X
) ING, an international insurance and financial services company, is the primary sponsor of the annual New York City Marathon, which is attended by over one million fans and watched by approximately 300 million viewers worldwide. The ING logo and name appear throughout the race course. ING most likely sponsors the event in order to appeal to which type of public? A) financial B) local C) government D) general E) internal
general
Of the following, which is the fastest-growing group in the United States? A) African Americans B) Caucasians C) Hispanics D) Native Americans E) Arab Americans
hispanics
Jack Weiss recently won a $10 million lottery. Jack's life will change a great deal, particularly how he spends money. According to Engel's laws, Jack is LEAST likely to change the percentage of his income that he spends on which of the following? A) food B) entertainment C) housing D) utilities E) savings
housing
Legislation affecting business around the world will continue to ________. A) become simplified B) increase C) stabilize D) decrease E) relax consumer protections
increase
Over the past 50 years, which of the following groups of workers has become smaller? A) managers B) manufacturers C) professionals D) telecommuters E) married women
manufacturers
Which of the following is an example of a core belief? A) Marriage is important. B) Americans should display their patriotism. C) The comforts of home are more important than entertainment outside of the home. D) Extended warranties are never worth the money consumers pay for them. E) Professionals should wear business clothes to work.
marriage is imoprtant
Which of the following forces would marketers be most likely able to influence? A) geographic population shifts B) core cultural values C) income distribution D) increasing ethnic diversity E) media publics
media publics
The youngest of the baby boomers are now in their ________. A) late 20s B) mid-20s C) mid-40s D) early 50s E) early 60s
mid 40's
The three largest age groups in America are the baby boomers, Generation Xers, and ________. A) seniors B) Millennials C) teens D) tweens E) toddlers
milennials
Which demographic group includes large tween and teen markets? A) Generation X B) Millennials C) baby busters D) baby boomers E) the elderly
millenials
Which demographic group is also referred to as the echo boomers? A) Generation X B) Millennials C) Generation Z D) Baby boomers E) Baby busters
millennials
Which demographic group is characterized by a total fluency and comfort with computer, digital, and Internet technology? A) Generation X B) Millennials C) the elderly D) Generation Z E) baby boomers
millennials
Increased marketing of home amenities such as high-end barbeques, hot tubs, and home entertainment centers has most likely been spurred by Americans' changing views of ________. A) social responsibility B) others C) marketing D) organizations E) nature
others
Watching the cultural trends of how people view society, observers have noted that since September 11, 2001, marketers responded to the increased ________ of Americans with special products and promotions. A) loyalty B) patriotism C) distrust D) foreign intolerance E) belligerence
patriotism
A society's core beliefs and values have a high degree of ________. A) persistence B) simplicity C) similarity D) ethnocentrism E) conformity
persistence
LandPort Transportation and Omega Warehousing move and store the products your company sells. The two businesses are examples of ________. A) resellers B) marketing services agencies C) marketing intermediaries D) physical distribution firms E) geographic segments
physical distribution firms
Rachel Patino works for a wholesale company called Distributors Unlimited. She is responsible for buying and selling goods at a profit to small retailers. What is her market? A) business B) reseller C) wholesale D) consumer E) retail
reseller
