Mech Vent Quiz 1
What is the definition for baseline pressure?
Indicated at zero at the end of expiratory on the ventilator due to the ET Tube overcoming anatomical PEEP.
What are the two types of breaths in mechanical ventilation?
Mandatory and Spontaneous
What is flow limiting good for?
Manipulating expiratory time to find the optimal flow delivery
What kind of pressures can be applied in the expiratory phase?
Negative End Expiration Pressure and Positive End Expiration Pressure
Do the ventilator limits trigger exhalation?
No.
What is a pressure limit?
Only allows pressure to rise to a certain value.
What is pressure support?
Only effective during spontaneous breathing that offsets normal negative pressure.
What is the definition for a patient trigger?
Patient effort that triggers a flow, volume, or pressure change.
What is the most natural way for a human to breath in regards to controls?
Pressure control
What is the definition of plateau pressure?
Right after inspiratory peak pressure and before the end of expiration during a hold.
What is the main treatment of CPAP?
Sleep apnea
What is peak pressure the combined pressures of? What is the definition of peak pressure?
The pressure it takes to force air through the gas airways and the pressure to fill the alveoli together. Maximum point of pressure on the chart.
What is NEEP used for?
To fall below ambient pressures in the airways.
What is the equation for dynamic compliance?
VT/(PIP-PEEP)
What is the equation for static compliance?
Vt/(Pplat - PEEP)
What is flow limiting?
Won't exceed a certain flow.
What are the four pressures?
baseline, peak, plateau, mean airway
What is the maneuver used to measure air trapping or auto-PEEP?
expiratory hold
What mimics pursed lip breathing?
expiratory retard
The volume does not vary but the volume isn't measured. What type of control is this?
flow
What does mean airway pressure determine?
helps assess tissue oxygenation, lung volumes, and cardiac output.
What is CPAP's primary focus?
improve oxygenation
What are the two types of trigger variables?
machine or time triggered and patient triggered
Who is NEEP commonly used on?
neonates and narrow ET Tubes.
What is the definition of mean airway pressure?
outcome of peak pressure, PEEP, time cycle, and respiratory rate.
Which trigger is available at all times?
patient trigger
The ventilator maintains or controls the pressure waveform. What type of control is this?
pressure
Name 5 limit variables
pressure control, pressure support, volume control, flow limiting, pressure cycling
What are ways for a patient to trigger a ventilator?
pressure, flow, volume
What does plateau pressure determine?
resistance versus sole compliance issues
What does mean airway pressure indicate?
structures that exert pressure with no flow
The ventilator maintains or controls the time, while volume and pressure vary. What type of control is this?
time
Name the four breath phases
trigger variable, the limit variable, cycle variable, baseline variable
The volume does not vary and the volume is measured. What type of control is this?
volume
What are the four factors that are controlled and measured during inspiration?
volume, pressure, time, flow
What is the normal sensitivity level for pressure triggering on a patient?
-1 cmH20
How many time constants do you need for adequate ventilation?
5
What is the typical baseline pressure that is set besides 0?
5 cmH20
What is the definition for a machine or time trigger?
A breath is delivered by the ventilator after elapsed amount of time.
What is inflation hold?
A maneuver done to obtain plateau pressures.
What is pressure control?
A preset pressure that is good for low compliance.
What is volume control?
A preset volume that is used most commonly in critical care.
Who is time triggered breaths significant for?
Apneic patients
What is the equation for time constants?
C x R
What is the equation for resistance?
(PIP-Pplat) / Flow
What is inflation hold good for?
Helps determine compliance versus resistance. Can also measure static complaince.
