media and culture
What was "cover music" by white artists, and who was Pat Boone?
"Cover music" refers to songs originally recorded by one artist and later re-recorded by another artist. Pat Boone was a popular American singer in the 1950s and 1960s who gained fame by covering songs originally performed by black artists, often in a more sanitized, "whitewashed" style.
How did Bill Haley and the Comets "Rock Around the Clock" became a number one single in 1954?
"Rock Around the Clock" by Bill Haley and the Comets became a number one single in 1954 due to its catchy beat, energetic performance, and use in the opening credits of the film "Blackboard Jungle," which helped to popularize the song among young audiences.
Who sang the song, "Strange Fruit," and what was the song about?
"Strange Fruit" was a song sung by Billie Holiday in 1939, about the lynching of African Americans in the Southern United States.
About how many reporters from around the world were killed doing their jobs from 1992-2018?
2000
Adolph Ochs' approach with the New York Times
Adolph Ochs' approach with the New York Times was to emphasize factual reporting and impartiality in news coverage, establishing the paper's reputation for journalistic integrity.
What was the significance of Alan Freed?
Alan Freed was a DJ who popularized the term "rock and roll" and played a significant role in bringing African American rhythm and blues music to a wider audience, helping to shape the early sound and culture of rock and roll.
What three labels control more than 60 percent of recording industry market?
As of 2021, the three major labels that control more than 60% of the recording industry market are Universal Music Group, Sony Music Entertainment, and Warner Music Group.
What was the name of Dorothy Day's publication and what were some of the causes she supported?
As part of the Catholic Worker Movement, Day co-founded the Catholic Worker newspaper in 1933, and served as its editor from 1933 until her death in 1980. In this newspaper, Day advocated the Catholic economic theory of distributism, which she considered a third way between capitalism and socialism.
Who was known as the "King of Swing" and attracted high school students to his performance at the Paramount Theater in New York City? What was his instrument?
Benny Goodman: made Jazz popular in American music and he played the Clarinet
According to the Ken Burns Jazz documentary, what were the two styles of music in the 1890 that reached New Orleans and that led to jazz?
Blues and Ragtime
The difference between "consensus-oriented journalism" and "conflict-oriented journalism"
Consensus-oriented journalism focuses on finding common ground and presenting a balanced view of the news, while conflict-oriented journalism emphasizes controversy and tension in the news, often highlighting opposing viewpoints and presenting stories in a confrontational way.
What did Edouard-Leon Scott de Martinville do that helped start the development stage of sound recording?
Edouard-Leon Scott de Martinville created the phonautograph, which was the first device that received sound waves and moved the tracer which recorded sound waves. The phonautograph was the first sound recording device in the world
Who do elite magazines appeal to, and which elite magazine has the highest circulation
Educated and versatile audiences who want more library focused pieces to read. The New Yorker has the most circulation.
How many #1 hits did Elvis Presley have from 1956 to 1972?
Elvis Presley had 18 #1 hits on the Billboard Hot 100 chart from 1956 to 1972.
Name two accomplishments of Margaret Bourke-White
First foreign female photographer to be able to shoot pictures of the soviet union First female photographer to be inducted into the US military as a journalist
Who was Frederick Douglass and why was he significant?
Frederick Douglass was a prominent African-American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman who lived from 1818-1895. Born into slavery, he escaped and became a leading voice in the fight against slavery and for civil rights. His powerful speeches and writings helped to inspire and mobilize the abolitionist movement, and he continued to be a major figure in the struggle for civil rights after the Civil War. He was a significant advocate for human rights and a key figure in the fight against racial injustice.
The significance of Sarah Josepha Hale
Hale helped to preserve George Washington's home and financially supported the construction of the Bunker Hill Monument. Her work in historic preservation has stood the test of time, as both sites are still open to public.
Who is Jeff Bezos, and what newspaper did he buy for $250 million in 2013?
Jeff Bezos is an American entrepreneur and businessman, best known as the founder and former CEO of Amazon.com, one of the world's largest online retailers. In 2013, Bezos purchased The Washington Post newspaper for $250 million, through his private investment company, Nash Holdings LLC.
Who was John Peter Zenger and what was the significance of a court decision involving him?
John Peter Zenger was a colonial American printer who was arrested and charged with seditious libel in 1734 for publishing critical articles about the colonial governor of New York. His trial was a significant moment in the history of the freedom of the press, as it established the principle that truth is a defense against charges of libel, paving the way for press freedom in the United States.
Joseph Pulitzer's contributions to journalism: who the readers of the New York World were, and what he gave money to establish
Joseph Pulitzer was a Hungarian-American newspaper publisher who revolutionized journalism through his use of bold headlines, illustrations, and investigative reporting. The readers of his newspaper, The New York World, were working-class and immigrant populations. He gave money to establish the Pulitzer Prizes, which recognize excellence in journalism, literature, and music.
What was Louis Armstrong's instrument and what medium made him even more famous?
Louis Armstrong was a jazz trumpeter and singer. He became even more famous through his recordings, which were widely distributed on vinyl records and played on radio broadcasts, allowing his music to reach audiences around the world.
Which of the mass media does the text say has "played the leading role in sustaining democracy and championing freedom" ?
Newspapaer
What was "Payola" ?
Payola was the practice of record companies paying radio DJs or other music industry professionals to play certain songs on the radio or promote them, often without disclosing the payment to the public. It was illegal in the United States starting in the late 1950s.
What is the significance of Buddy Bolden, and what instrument did he play?
Played the trumpets powerfully and well First musician to be recognized for his ability to play the trumpet Individualized the fourth step Started the big noise in Jazz
What was the significance of Ray Charles "I Can't Stop Loving You" song in 1962?
Ray Charles' "I Can't Stop Loving You" was a crossover hit that helped popularize soul music and was a major commercial success.
Who Rupert Murdoch is and what major newspaper did he buy in 2007
Rupert Murdoch is Executive Chairman of News Corp and Co-Chairman of Fox Corporation, two of the most recognized and influential media companies in the world. He bought the wall street journal.
What are "evergreen subscriptions" ?
Subscriptions that cancel only by the user agreement and are monthly or weekly reups of the users favorite magazine.
When did "swing" jazz music rescue the recording industry?
Swing jazz music helped to rescue the recording industry during the Great Depression in the 1930s, as it was popular with audiences and led to increased record sales and radio broadcasts of live swing performances.
Who was the 19 year old singer who was billed as "The First Lady of Swing" in 1937?
The 19-year-old singer who was billed as "The First Lady of Swing" in 1937 was Ella Fitzgerald.
Who directed the 1941 film Citizen Kane, and who was the film modeled after?
The 1941 film Citizen Kane was directed by Orson Welles, who also co-wrote the screenplay and starred in the film. The film is largely based on the life of American newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst, although the character of Charles Foster Kane is not a direct portrayal of Hearst.
The 2016 movie "Spotlight" was about a) what newspaper and b) what was the subject of the stories that its reporters were writing about?
The 2016 movie "Spotlight" was about the investigative team at The Boston Globe newspaper and their coverage of the Catholic Church sex abuse scandal in the Boston area. The movie focuses on the team's work to uncover the widespread abuse and cover-up by the Church, as well as the obstacles they faced in bringing the story to light.
The Penny Press era-what stories they covered, and who their audience was
The Penny Press era in American journalism, which began in the 1830s, was characterized by the introduction of inexpensive newspapers that cost a penny per issue, making them affordable to a wider audience. These newspapers covered a range of stories, including crime, politics, and human interest stories, and often used sensationalist headlines to attract readers. The audience for these newspapers was largely made up of working-class and immigrant populations, who were looking for affordable sources of news and entertainment.
Name the significant invention of Thomas Edison, that helped move sound recording into the entrepreneurial stage.
The Phonograph, created by Thomas edison, This used sound waves record to disk using a needle and receiver that could then be played back through the same device
What were three factors that contributed to the growth of rock and roll in the 1950s
The advent of television, which helped to spread rock and roll to a wider audience through music programs and variety shows. The rise of teenage culture and youth-oriented marketing, as young people became a major demographic for music and consumer goods.\ The increasing popularity of rhythm and blues (R&B) music among African American audiences.
What were the contributions of Emile Berliner, that helped move sound recording into the mass medium stage?
The development of the gramophone: In 1887, Berliner invented the gramophone, a device that used a flat disc instead of a cylinder to record and play back sound. The gramophone was more efficient and practical than the phonograph, and it quickly became popular with consumers.
Who the audiences were for the first magazines in colonial America
The first magazines target audiences were immigrants new to this country as well as working-class people.
Why former Los Angeles Times Editor John Carroll worries about the future of newspapers
The former editor of the Los Angeles Times says that the full value of newspapers is lost on today's readers
What was the new radio format that enabled both the recording industry and radio to benefit from in the 1950s when they worked together?
The new radio format was Top 40, which played the most popular songs of the week based on record sales and radio airplay. This partnership between the recording industry and radio helped to promote and sell more records.
The roles of the political (partisan) and commercial presses in colonial America, and their legacies
The political press in colonial America was partisan, serving as a tool for political factions, while the commercial press focused on news and entertainment. These legacies influenced the development of a free press and political polarization in American journalism.
Why did record and phonograph sales decline in the 1930s?
The radio, became extremely popular around the world, and with the great depression looming, people spent less money on records and rather used the radio as a more accessible option.
Why Life, Look, and the Saturday Evening Post folded during 1969-1972 despite large circulations
The rise of television along with a shift in the american mindset that lagged in the newspapers presented problems for the companies, and as people began to go digital with the television, paper production costs grew
What two jazz bands competed in the 1937 "musical battle of the century" and who won?
The two jazz bands that competed in the 1937 "musical battle of the century" were the Count Basie Orchestra and the Benny Goodman Orchestra. The audience declared the Count Basie Orchestra as the winner of the competition.
When was the time period of the rise of general interest magazines such as Life with its photos, and Saturday Evening Post with its Norman Rockwell covers
They became popular because of techniques regarding photojournalism and human-centric stories
What advancement did Thomas Stockham make to sound recording?
Thomas Stockham made the PCM (Pulse code modulation) which could reform audio into digital data that could be used for better audio quality and easier recording ability. It was the first digital recording device.
What was the significance of William Randolph Hearst?
William Randolph Hearst was a newspaper publisher who helped establish the concept of yellow journalism and had significant political influence.
When and why magazines shift from seeking mass audiences to smaller, discrete audiences that could be guaranteed to advertisers
With the rise of radio and television based news, there was niche market for magazines where they could target a specific desired audience in order to sell their product.
"Yellow Journalism"—when did it became popular, what kinds of stories it had, and how it laid the groundwork for investigative journalism
Yellow Journalism became popular in the late 19th century and was characterized by sensationalist and exaggerated stories aimed at attracting readers. It laid the groundwork for investigative journalism by showing the power of the press to expose corruption and promote social change.
The purpose of interpretative journalism
context, and explanation of complex issues and events, helping readers to understand the significance and implications of news stories. It goes beyond simply reporting the facts and aims to provide a deeper understanding of the issues at hand.
Who were the muckrakers, and what was the subject of Ida Tarbell's articles?
da Tarbell helped pioneer investigative journalism when she wrote a series of magazine articles about John D. Rockefeller and his Standard Oil Trust. She and other jour- nalists, who were called "muckrakers," aided Progressive Movement reform efforts.