Medical Emergencies ch 14-24

the purpose of activated charcoal in the treatment of drug toxicity is to: a. act as an adsorbing agent b. induce vomiting c. provide an antidote d. achieve internal cooling

a. Act as an adsorbing agent

6. What is the needed treatment for the emergency in the condition cited in Question 5? a. administration of insulin b. administration of oral glucose c. immediate surgery to repair their defective pancreas d. reduction in the amount of insulin the patient is using

a. Administration of insulin

Which diabetic emergency is associated with the following symptoms: tachypnea, Kussmaul's breathing, nausea, blurred vision, fruity odor on breath? a. diabettic ketoacidosis b. hypersomolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome c. hypoglycemia d. gestational diabetes

a. Diabettic ketoacidosis

The most common cause of epistaxis is: a. digital manipulation b. hypertension c. blood dyscrasic d. foreign body

a. Digital manipulation

After a dental extraction the patient should NOT: a. exercise for 12-24 hours b. lie down with head elevated c. be concerned if blood continues to flow heavily from extraction site d. apply pressure to extraction site for more than 20 mins

a. Exercise for 12-24 hours

Which of the following is a sign of thyroid storm? a. fever b. macroglossia c. bradycardia d. hypoventilation

a. Fever

What is the diabetic emergency that is often seen in institutionalized individuals? a. hyperosmolar hyperglycemic ketoacidosis syndrome b. diabetic ketoacidodis c. diabetic nephropathy d. gestational diabetes

a. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic ketoacidosis syndrome

Which of the following is a sign of adrenal crisis? a. hypotension b. bradycardia c. dry skin d. chest pain

a. Hypotension

What is the first step to be performed once you have determined that you have broken your instrument tip? a. isolate the area b. ask the patient to swallow c. sit the patient upright aspiration d. rinse the area with chlorhexidine

a. Isolate the area

The most common medication a patient would take for hypothyroidism is: a. levothyroxine b. beta blocker such as vastest c. acetaminophen d none

a. Levothyroxine

A result of 115 mg/dL on a fasting plasma glucose test would indicate? a. prediabetes b. Type 1 diabetes c. type 2 diabetes d. hypoglycemia

a. Prediabetes

4. Which is the most important vital sign to monitor in a patient suspected of adrenal crisis? a. pulse b. respiration c. blood pressure d. temperature

a. Pulse

What is the procedure if the tip is located but cannot be removed? a. refer to oral surgeon for removal b. anesthetize area and attempt to remove tip again c. take a radiograph to better locate tip d. no treatment is necessary

a. Refer to oral surgeon for removal

Which type of an allergic reaction is an immediate hypersensitivity caused by immunoglobulin E? a. type I b. type II c. type III d. type VI

a. Type I

All of the following are strategies for managing thyroid storm EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXEPTION? a. wrapping in blankets to increase body temperature b. administering oxygen 4-6 liters per minute c. administering acetamionphen d. administering beta blockers

a. Wrapping in blankets to increase body temperature

All of the following are medication often prescribed for Type 2 diabetics EXCEPT one. Which one if the EXCEPTION? a. glucagon (Glucagon) b. metformin (glucophage) c. rosiglitazone (avandia) d. tolbutamide (ornase)

a. glucagon (Glucagon)

If patients are experiencing a partial obstructed airway, they will not exhibit cyanosis, whereas if they are experiencing a completely obstructed airway, they will exhibit cyanosis. a. the first phrase is T & second is F b. the first phrase is F & second is T c. both are T d. both are F

a. the first phrase is T & second is F

The procedure used to remove an aspirated foreign object is a.bronchoscopy b. heimlich maneuver c. curettage d. none of the above

a.bronchoscopy

For what amount of time should pressure be applied for a nosebleed? a. 5 minutes b. 20 minutes c. 45 minutes d. pressure should not be applied for a nosebleed

b. 20 minutes

Which of the following teeth has the most positive prognosis following an avulsion injury? a. a tooth with a fully formed root apex b. a tooth with an immature root apex

b. A tooth with an immature root apex

The most accepted method for treating hyperthyroidism is: a. surgery b. ablation therapy c. antithyriod medication d. beta blockers

b. Ablation therapy

What should an adult patient suffering from an allergic reaction with severe dyspnea, hypotension, and angiodema of the larynx be administered? a. administer 10 mg of chlorpheneramine orally for 3 days b. administer 0.5 mg of 1:1000 epinephrine intramuscularly c. administer 0.5 mg of 1:1000 epinephrine intravascularly d. administer epinephrine by inhalation until symptoms subside

b. Administer 0.5 mg of 1:1000 epinephrine intramuscularly

Which of the following intraocular foreign bodies will be more likely to cause an infection? a. glass b. calculus c. instrument tip d. study model

b. Calculus

which of the following drugs mimics the natural effects of the sympathetic autonomic nervous system (SANS)? a. benzodiazephines b. cocaine c. opioid drugs d. barbiturates

b. Cocaine

Hypothyroidism is characterized by: a. weight loss b. cold intolerance c. diarrhea d. low cholesterol

b. Cold intolerance

3. A patient suffering from adrenal crisis is in need of: a. thyroxine b. glucocorticoids c. glucose d. none

b. Glucocorticoids

A low dosage of aspirin over a long period of time: a. has been implicated in excessive post surgical bleeding b. has minimal or no effect on excessive bleeding c. should be avoided entirely if surgery is to be performed d. should be minimized before surgery

b. Has minimal or no effect on excessive bleeding

The second most common problem in dental surgery is: a. fear and anxiety b. hemorrhage c. infection d. lack of patient compliance with post surgical instructions

b. Hemorrhage

Profuse bleeding of dark, red blood out of the nose is indicative of which type of nosebleed? a. anterior b. posterior c. mucosal d. septal

b. Posterior

What is the most critical factor in reimplantation of an avulsed tooth? a. oral hygiene measures and antibiotic coverage b. quick reimplantation and correct storage medium c. sterile environment d. maturity of patient

b. Quick reimplantation and correct storage medium

The cotton- tipped applicator method of intraocular foreign body removal is best used for removal of which type of foreign body? a. embedded b. superficial c. chemical d. none

b. Superficial

An absolute lack of circulation insulin is characteristic of which condition? a. hypoglycemia b. type 1 diabetes c. type 2 diabetes d. none of the above

b. Type 1 diabetes

which of the following is a sign of barbiturate toxicity? a. tachycardia b. unresponsiveness to external stimuli c. diaphoresis d. agitation

b. unresponsiveness to external stimuli

When using the irrigation method of intraocular foreign body removal, the solution should be: a. applied directly onto the cornea b. applied from the lateral portion of the eye to the lateral portion of the eye c. applied from the medial portion of the eye to the lateral portion of the eye d. heated before application

c. Applied from the medial portion of the eye to the lateral portion of the eye

Which of the following oral effects may be evident in the cocaine user? a. dental caries b. gingival inflammation c. cervical abrasion d. all of above

c. Cervical abrasion

BEnzopdiazepines and barbiturates produce their effect within biological tissues by: a. stimulating opiod receptors b. intramuscular injection c. enhancing the effect of GABA d. stimulating the SANS

c. Enhancing the effect of GABA

7. The test used to measure a diabetic's average glucose level over the pas three months is: a. fasting plasma glucose test b. oral glucose tolerance test c. HbA1c test d. none

c. HbA1c test

Which of the following is a sign of cocaine toxicity? a. bradycardia b. slurred speech c. hypertension d. respiratory depression

c. Hypertension

All of the following are measures to help prevent broken instrument tips EXCEPT one. Which one is the exception? a. use of the ultrasonic scaler on patients with heavy deposits b. proper instrument maintenance c. instrument retipping d. replacing worn instruments

c. Instrument retipping

The most common site for epistaxis is: a. the nares b. woodriff's plexi c. kisselbach's plexus d. none

c. Kisselbach's plexus

What causes the gangrene that is often associated with diabetic patients? a. diabetic retinopathy b. diabetic nephropathy c. microangiopathic changes d. none

c. Microangiopathic changes

The emergent condition arising from severe hypothyroidism: a. thyriod storm b. throtoxicosis c. myxedema coma d. diabetic ketoaacidosis

c. Myxedema coma

All of the following post treatment instructions should be given to the client with a reimplanted tooth EXCEPT? a. eat soft foods and avoid biting directly on the affected tooth b. rinse with chlorhexidine daily and perform good oral hygiene c. scrub the affected tooth to prevent a plaque buildup d. immediately notify the dentist if any problems occur

c. Scrub the affected tooth to prevent a plaque buildup

All of the following are appropriate transport mediums for avulsed teeth EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? a. fat-free milk b. isotronic saline solution c. tap water d. ringer's solution

c. Tap water

Why should a patient be observed for quite some time even after his/her symptoms have abated following an allergic reaction? a.for liability reasons b. to administer enough oxygen for the mast cells to regranulate c. to ensure a biphasic reaction does not occur d.all of the above

c. To ensure a biphasic reaction does not occur

What are the smooth, raised red lesions with central blanching that occur because of vasodilation of the capillaries during an allergic reaction? a. pruritus b. angioedema c. uriticaria d. none of the above

c. Uriticaria

The dental office is a very stressful situation for your 1:00 patient who is taking steroids. The likelihood of adrenal crisis is increased because stress increases the need for cortisol and patients who suffer from adrenal insufficiency are unable to produce additional cotrisol. a. the first phrase is T & second is F b. the first phrase is F & second is T c. both are T d. both are F

c. both are T

The first time a person is exposed to an allergen, IgE antibodies are produced and attach to basophils and mast cells; upon reexposure the mast cells and basophils degranulate and release chemical mediators, causing the allergic reaction. a. the first phrase is T & second is F b. the first phrase is F & second is T c. both are T d. both are F

c. both are T

All of the following are strategies for managing opioid toxicity EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? a. wrap in blankets to increase body temperature b. administer oxygen 4-6 L per min c. administer naloxone (narcan) d. administer diazepam (Valium)

d. Administer diazepam (Valium)

All of the following are treatment management strategies for myxedema coma EXCEPT: a. slowly rewarming the patient b. administering IV levothroxine c. administering IV corticosteroids d. administering sedatives and tranquilizers

d. Administering sedatives and tranquilizers

All of the following are symptoms of hypoglycemia in a diabetic patient EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? a.confusion b. profuse sweating c. aggressive behavior d. cyanosis

d. Cyanosis

1. All of the following are causes of primary adrenal insufficiency EXCEPT one. Which on is the EXCEPTION? a. AIDS b. autoimmune disease c. tuberculosis d. diabetes

d. Diabetes

You believe your patient is choking on a cotton roll you have placed in her mouth. She is vigorously coughing. What should you do? a.perform the heimlich maneuver b. provide four strong back blows c. call EMS so that the patient can be transported to the emergency department quickly d. do nothing and let the patient continue coughing

d. Do nothing and let the patient continue coughing

All of the following are symptoms of a foreign body in the eye EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? a. burning in the eye b. tear production c. double vision d. epistaxis

d. Epistaxis

which of the following routes of administration produces the highest blood levels of a drug? a. oral ingestion b. intramuscular injection c. smoking d. intravenous injection

d. Intravenous injection

Which teeth are most likely to be avulsed because of trauma? a. mandibular central incisors b. maxi ally later incisors c. mandibular canines d. maxillary central incisors

d. Maxillary central incisors

A hematoma is: a. an unavoidable side effect of dental extraction b. often caused by an incorrect choice of local anesthetic c. a collection of bacteria trapped beneath the skin d. most often caused by trauma

d. Most often caused by trauma

All of the following are oral complications associated with diabetes EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? a. periodontal disease b. xerostomia c. candidiasis d. squamous cell carcinoma

d. Squamous cell carcinoma

All of the are symptoms of an untreated aspirated object EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? a. pneumonia b. fever c. tachypnea d. Syncope

d. Syncope

The medical consensus involving treatment of hemophiliacs before to dental surgery is: a. to stop all medication 48 hrs before surgery b. that all dental extractions be performed in a hospital setting c. local hemostasis and systemic treatment must be combined d. There is no overall consensus at this time

d. There is no overall consensus at this time

All of the following are useful recommendations to prevent a recurrence of epistaxis EXCEPT one. Which one is the exception? a. avoiding medications with anticoagulant properties b. avoiding bending at the was it for 24 hours c. keep the head elevated for 4 hrs d. using a dehumidifier in the home

d. Using a dehumidifier in the home