Medical Terminology Book: Chapter 7: Muscles and Joints

Flexion

A bending motion.

Symptoms of Lyme Disease include which of the following?

A circular rash (a red, itchy rash with a circular center). Influenza-like symptoms: weakness, chills, fever, headaches, and muscle or joint pain.

Extension

A straightening motion.

Pain in the joints is known as:

Arthralgia

Inflammation of the joints is known as:

Arthritis.

The surgical puncture of a joint with a needle for the purpose of withdrawing fluid for analysis is known as an:

Arthrocentesis.

The surgical repair of a joint is known as an:

Arthroplasty.

The surfaces of the connecting bones are protected by a thin layer of cartilage called the:

Articular Cartilage

The medical term for wasting away, literally "without development", is:

Atrophy.

A joint that allows movements in many directions around a central point is known as what type of joint?

Ball-and-Socket Joint

fasci/o

Band of Fibrous Tissue

Dorsiflexion:

Bending the foot backward, or upward, at the ankle.

Plantar Flexion:

Bending the foot downward at the ankle with the toes pointing downward, as in ballet dancing on point.

An abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe is called a:

Bunion.

A small sac that lubricates the area around the elbow, knee, or shoulder joint where friction is most likely to occur is known as a:

Bursa

An abnormal, usually permanent bending of a joint into a fixed position, usually caused by atrophy and shortening of muscle fibers, is called a:

Contracture.

The clicking or crackling sounds heard upon joint movement is called:

Crepitation.

DTR

Deep Tendon Reflexes.

Abduction:

Movement of a bone away from the midline of the body.

Circumduction:

Movement of an extremity around in a circular motion.

Rotation

Movement that involves the turning of a bone on its own axis.

my/o

Muscle

An injury to the body of the muscle or attachment of the tendon as a result of overstretching, over-extension, or misuse, i.e. a "muscle pull," is also called a:

Muscle Strain.

MD

Muscular Dystrophy

A genetically transmitted disorder that is characterized by progressive weakness and muscle fiber degeneration without evidence of nerve involvement or degeneration of nerve tissue is known as:

Muscular Dystrophy.

The most common form of arthritis, due to wear and tear on the joints, especially the weight-bearing joints such as the hips and knees, is:

Osteoarthritis.

Inflammation of the sciatic nerve, marked by pain and tenderness along the path of the nerve through the thigh and leg, is called:

Sciatica

The medical term for viscous means:

Sticky; gelatinous

ankyl/o

Stiff

tri-

Three

Another name for the trunk, or main part of the body is the:

Torso.

bucc/o

Cheek

The manual forcing of a joint back into its original position without making an incision is known as a(n):

Closed Reduction.

troph/o

Development

An example of a hinge joint is the

Elbow

The process of recording the strength of the contraction of a muscle when it is stimulated by an electrical current is known as:

Electromyography.

ESR

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

The thin sheets of fibrous connective tissue that penetrate as well as cover the entire muscle, holding fibers together, are called:

Fascia.

fibr/o

Fiber

A cystic tumor developing on a tendon that sometimes occurs on the back of the wrist is known as:

Ganglion.

A form of acute arthritis that is characterized by inflammation of the first metatarsal joint of the great toe is known as:

Gout.

An example of a ball-and-socket joint is the:

Hip Joint

IM

Intramuscular

The space between two connecting bones is known as the:

Joint Cavity.

An acute, recurrent inflammatory infection transmitted through the bite of an infected deer tick is known as:

Lyme Disease.

pector/o

Pertaining to the Chest

When an individual has an increased reaction of the skin to exposure to sunlight, he or she is said to be experiencing:

Photosensitivity.

RA

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A chronic type of arthritis that affects multiple joints of the body, mainly the small peripheral joints, as in those of the hands and feet, is known as:

Rheumatoid Arthritis.

The thick, lubricating fluid located in synovial joints is known as:

Synovial Fluid.

Pronation:

The act of turning the palm down or backward.

Supination:

The act of turning the palm up or forward.

Atrophy

Wasting away.