Medical Terminology chapter 14

endometriosis

A disease in which endometrial tissue from the uterus becomes embedded elsewhere

syphilis

A highly contagious sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum

ectopic pregnancy

A pregnancy outside of the womb, usually in a fallopian tube

gonorrhea

A sexually transmitted bacterial disease caused by a gonococcus bacterium that causes inflammation of the genital mucous membrane, burning pain when urinating, and a discharge

chlamydia

A sexually transmitted disease, the most common in developed countries, caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. Often producing no symptoms, it can cause infertility, chronic pain, or a tubal pregnancy if left untreated.

amniocentesis

A technique of prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid, obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus, is analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus.

fibroadenoma

Most common benign breast tumor

Peyronie's disease

Painful curvature of the penis during erection

vasovasostomy

Reversal of a vasectomy

menometrorrhagia

Term for heavy bleeding during and between menstrual periods.

polycystic ovary syndrome

a condition caused by a hormonal imbalance in which the ovaries are enlarged by the presence of many cysts formed by incompletely developed follicles

pruritus vulvae

a condition of severe itching of the external female genitalia

hydrocele

a fluid-filled sac in the scrotum along the spermatic cord leading from the testicles

priapism

a painful erection that lasts 4 hours or more but is not accompanied by sexual excitement

obstetrician

a physician who specializes in providing medical care to women during pregnancy, childbirth, and immediately thereafter

hysterosalpingography

a radiographic examination of the uterus and fallopian tubes

Apgar score

a scale of 1-10 to evaluate a newborn infant's physical status at 1 and 5 minutes after birth

colostrum

a specialized form of milk that delivers essential nutrients and antibodies in a form that the newborn can digest

nulligravida

a woman who has never been pregnant

nullipara

a woman who has never borne a viable child

primigravida

a woman who is pregnant for the first time

primipara

a women who has borne one viable child

preeclampsia

abnormal condition associated with pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, edema, and headache

leukorrhea

abnormal white or yellow vaginal discharge

amenorrhea

absence of menstruation

azoospermia

absence of sperm in the semen

mast/o

breast

cervic/o

cervix

ov/o

egg, ovum

orchiopexy

endoscopic surgery to move an undescended testicle into its normal position in the scrotum

varicocele

enlarged, dilated veins near the testicle

galactorrhea

excessive secretion of milk after cessation of nursing

oophorectomy

excision of an ovary

menarche

first menstrual period

placenta previa

implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the uterus

episiotomy

incision of the perineum to facilitate delivery of a baby

cervicitis

inflammation of the cervix

epididymitis

inflammation of the epididymis

endocervicitis

inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the cervix

men/o

menstruation, menses

neonate

newborn

fibrocystic breast disease

numerous small sacs of fluid surrounded by dense strands of fibrous tissue in the breast

ovari/o

ovary

mastalgia

pain in the breast

dysmenorrhea

painful menstrual flow

-gravida

pregnant

andropause

referred to as male menopause; is marked by the decrease of the male hormone testosterone

ovariorrhexis

rupture of an ovary

chorionic villus sampling

sampling of placental tissues for prenatal diagnosis of potential genetic defects

oligomenorrhea

scanty menstrual flow

-pexy

surgical fixation

mastopexy

surgical fixation of the breast

colpopexy

surgical fixation of the vagina to a surrounding structure

orchidectomy

surgical removal of one or both testicles

hysterectomy

surgical removal of the uterus

colporrhaphy

surgical suturing of a tear in the vagina

test/i

testicle, testis

orchid/o

testicles

uterine prolapse

the condition in which the uterus slides from its normal position in the pelvic cavity and sags into the vagina

hysteroscopy

the direct visual examination of the interior of the uterus and fallopian tubes

hematospermia

the presence of blood in the seminal fluid

cervical dysplasia

the presence of precancerous changes in the cells that make up the inner lining of the cervix

salpingo-oophorectomy

the surgical removal of a fallopian tube and ovary

perimenopause

the term used to designate the transition phase between regular menstrual periods and no periods at all

-para

to give birth

eclampsia

true toxemia of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, albuminuria, edema of the legs and feet, severe headaches, dizziness, convulsions, and coma

salping/o

uterine (fallopian) tube

hyster/o

uterus

colp/o

vagina

vagin/o

vagina

colposcopy

visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope

gynec/o

woman, female

metrorrhea

an abnormal discharge, such as mucus or pus, from the uterus

trichomoniasis

an infection caused by the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis; also known as trich

hypomenorrhea

an unusually small amount of menstrual flow during a shortened regular menstrual period