Medical Terminology Midterm
An "Electro Shock Therapy - EST" is also known as:
Electric Convulsive Therapy (ECT)
"I swear by Apollo the Physician and Asclepius and Hygieia and Panacenia..."is the beginning of what oath
Hippocratic
a "_________" produces radio frequency radiation pulse image of soft and hard tissue in multiple planes. It does not produce ionizing radiation hazards.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan
An Optometric Physician uses the Medical Abbreviation:
OD
Dr. Elizabeth Kubler-Ross is best known for:
On Death and Dying
the medical term that means without feeling or without sensation is
an/esthesia
the medical term retin/itis pigmentosa can be called
animal tracks "retina or net is inflamed causing marks-blindness"
the term "prognosis" means
before knowledge
the term 'coronal' or 'frontal plane' divides the body into the
anterior and posterior portions
the medical term glaucoma actually means
Waterfall, Cloudy, or Gray Vision ("caused by an increase in intraocular pressure").
the term "xerogram" means
a dry recording
the diagnostic medical term down syndrome refers to
a genetic defect causing multiple defects seen within varying degrees of intellectual disability
the term cyro/surg/er/y literally means
a procedure of one who works by hand with cold
the term "mammogram" means
a recording of the breast
the diagnostic term Hip Disarticulation (HD) also means
a surgical amputation through the joint capsule of the hip joint
the medical term that mean Lou Gehrigs disease is also known as
a/myo/trophic lateral sclerosis ALS
the diagnostic term that literally means inflammed joint is
arthr/itis
Muscle terms for belly or abdomen are:
abdominus or laparal
the term defined as the process of drawing away from the mid line or middle is
abduction
the diagnostic term photo/phobia means
abnormal aversion to or fear of light
The term for X-ray film (recording) of a joint is:
arthro/gram
a defibrillator is used to correct
abnormal heart beats or rhythms
the surgical term that actually means "surgically breaking joint apart" is
arthroclasia
the term "clinical" means
at patient's bedside
the procedural term that means visual examination inside a joint is
athroscop/y
the suffix that means "to control or stop"
-stasis
a delicate instrument used to test hearing acuteness is called a
audio/meter
verb variations of a stem word usually describe
action taken, condition, state
a specialist who specializes in the study of hearing is an
audiologist
the diagnostic term rheumat/oid artht/itis means
auto-immune disease often with cartiliaginous hyper/troph/y
the optic (sight), oculomotor (eye movement) trochlear (pulley-like) and abducens (to draw away) nerves all innervate the eye in some way. these are referred to as cranial nerves
2,3,4, and 6
the diagnostic term for a process that includes the use of a computer to produce a series of images of the tissues of the brain at any desired depth is
CAT scan
CTS and TTS are abbreviations for ___________ Syn/drome (sign and symptom complex).
Carpal or Tarsal Tunnel
An Osteopathic Physician is represented by the Medical Abbreviation ____ and a Chiropractic Physician is represented by the Medical Abbreviation _______.
DO and DC
the diagnostic term for a disease characterized by early senility, confusion, loss of recognition of persons or familiar surroundings, and restlessness is
alzheimers disease
the medical term hematoma means
blood swelling or tumor
the myeloid tissue in cancellous bone is semi-liquid and produces most RBCs, WBCs, and platelets is usually referred to as
bone marrow or red marrow
the diagnostic term osteosarcoma means
bone tumors that causes hard tissue to become soft and fleshy
A "PET Scan" is used to detect glucose or energy use levels of the
brain
An "EEG" is used to record information about _____ electrical activity.
brain
the combining form en/cephal/o actually means
brain "literally means within head"
the cranial nerves are stringlike groups of nerves coming off of the
brain and brain stem
the medical term cerebral palsy is characterized by
brain damage around the time of birth; CP is manifested by abnormal muscle tone, movements, and coordination
the diagnostic term that means abnormal build up of calcium on the kneecap surface is
calcin/osis
An epithelial or covering cell malignant tumor is referred to as a(n):
carcinoma
the wrist bones composed of 8 small bones in two rows are called the
carpus or carpals
the directional term that means "toward the lower end of the body" is
caudal
The term that describes movement toward the top of the body is:
cephalic
the interruption of blood supply to the brain caused by cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism, or cerebral hemorrhage is called
cerbro/vascular accident, apoplexy, or stroke
the diagnostic term for a condition characterized by brain damage and lack of muscle control and partial paralysis is
cerebral palsy "CP"
the largest region in the brain is
cerebrum
the first seven bones of the vertebral column (forming the neck) are the
cervical
the diagnostic term for an obstruction of the eyelids sebaceous gland is
chalazion "stye"
the healing specialty that emphasizes a system of therapy based on the manipulation of the vertebral column and other bones of the body by hand is
chiropractic
the surgical term for the repair of cartilage is called
chondr/o/plasty
the term that means cartilage swelling or cartilage tumor is
chondroma
If you rotate your shoulder around a central point, it is called:
circumduction
aural atresia refers to
closure of the outer auditory or hearing canal
the diagnostic term cataract actually means
clouding of the lens of the eye "looks cloudy, waterfall, opacity"
in the divided medical term 'arthr/o/pathy' "o"is the
combining vowel, used with both the stem word and suffix
a __________ is a noninvasive roentgenography diagnostic technique
computerized axial tomography (CAT) scan
the diagnostic term cerebr/al thromb/o/sis means
condition of a blood clot in the brain "cerebrum"
the mucous membrane lining the inner eyelids and globe eyeball is the
conjunctiva
bone is described as _____ tissue
connective
miotic eye drops cause the eyes pupil to
constrict
the term af/ferent (as in sensory impulses) is defined as
conveying toward the center
the combining forms or terms that literally mean "rib" are
cost/o and pleuro
the literal meaning of the medical term carcin/oma is
crab-like tumor "invades with crab like leg growths"
the surgical term that means "incision into the skull to drain fluid is
cranio/centesis
the combining form scolio- means
crooked and curved - lateral or side curve (to bend) of vertebrae, along with rotation
the term ankylosis literally means
crooked, stiff, bent/condition; bones pathologically fused together
body "x-rays" produce pictures of ___________ body tissue and bones
dense
the diagnostic medical term multiple sclerosis refers to
deterioration or loss of the myelin sheath nerve body covering "paralysis"
the medical term dys/phasia means
difficulty speaking
adjectives usually modify a noun (thing named), denoting quality, quantity, extent, or ______
distinction of the object from something else
the directional term for movement toward the back of the body is
dorsal
An "Otoscope" is used to view the:
ear
the body term cerumen is also known as
ear wax "from modified ear sebaceous or oil glands"
an instrument used to record the electrical impulses of the brain is called an
electro/encephalo/graph
a procedure of making a record of muscle activity is called
electro/myo/graph/y
the machine that records muscle activity is called
electromyo/graph
the diagnostic term that means softening of the brain is
en/cephalo/malac/ia
if a tumor is found to be benign it is
encapsulated, slow growing, and expansive
"Therapeutic Touch Therapy" uses the principle that the body produces:
energy or an aura-"halo"
the combining form that means "cause of (disease)"
eti/o
the surgical term phalang/ectomy means
excision of a finger or toe bone - digit
the surgical terms lamin/ectomy and rachi/o/tomy actually mean
excision of posterior vertebral arch and cutting the vertebral column
the movement in which a limb is placed in a straight position is called
extension
a tonometer measures pressure within the
eye
the medical terms palpebr/itis and blepharo/ptosis refer to
eyelid inflammation and eyelid drooping
the medical term bells palsy is also known as
facial paralysis or palsy
the diagnostic term "hyperopia" means
farsightedness
The term Dys/chrondro/plas/ia literally refers to:
faulty cartilage formation
a tumor of the fibrous and cartilaginous tissue is called a
fibrochondroma
the diagnostic term syn/dactylia means
fingers connected together
a pacemaker can be external or internal and usually generates electrical stimuli to the heart muscle with
fixed and/or alternate impulses
the diagnostic term pes planus means
flat foot
the suffix -plas/ia is a compund suffix that refers to
formation, growth or development
the prefixes quadri- and tetra- means ________ and terato- means _______
four and monster
breaking a compound term into component word parts is called
fracturing
the diagnostic term ankylosing spondylitis means
fusing/process vertebrae/inflamed
the ___________ is used to treat brain cancer by directing radiation at precise brain locations
gamma knife
a group of nerve cell bodies that are found outside of the spina cord and brain are referred to as
ganglions or ganglia "literally meaning knot"
the diagnostic term for a disease that causes excessive amounts of uric acid crystals in the blood to be deposited in a joint
gout
the medical term chalazion cyst is referred to as a cyst of the eyelids. it is the extension of the meibomian gland with its oily secretions. the term literally means
hailstone sac of eyelid
the prefixes hemi- and semi- mean
half
the combining forms of acout/o and audi/o both mean
hearing "acoustics and audio"
a "Thallium Hot Spot Test" is used to detect ______ damage
heart
an "EKG or ECG" is used to record information about ________ electrical activity
heart
the literal meaning of the diagnostic term cardio/myo/path/y is
heart/muscle/disease/condition
the diagnostic term my/asthenia gravis actually means
heavy because of muscle weakness
An ankle sprain is often characterized by ________:
hematoma formation, with ligaments that are stretched, partially, or fully torn
the diagnostic term for a condition caused by an increased amount of cerebral spinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain is
hydrocephalus
The regional term that refers to the areas on both the right and left sides of the hypo/gastr/ic body region is the: {NOTE: There are 9 individual abdomino/pelv/ic regions}
iliac or inguinal
The term "hyperplasia" means:
increase in development
the diagnostic term housemaid's knee means
inflamed bursa below the knee- related to an occupation
the diagnostic term bunion (turnip sac) actually means
inflamed bursa of the big toes metatarsophalangeal joint
the diagnostic terms neur/itis and neur/algia mean
inflamed nerves and pain in the nerves
the diagnostic term osteoarthritis means
inflammation of a bone joint causing bone hypertrophy
the diagnostic term en/cephal/itis actually means
inflammation of the brain
The medical term Myring/itis (tympan/itis: drum/inflamed) actually means:
inflammation of the eardrum
the medical term kerat/itis actually means
inflammation of the eye's cornea
the diagnostic term blephar/itis means
inflammation of the eyelid
the diagnostic term anterior polio/myel/itis means an
inflammation of the front gray horn of the spinal cord
the term conjunctivitis literally means together/joined/inflamed. it actually means
inflammation of the membrane that covers the eyeball and the eyelid
the medical term dacryo/cyst/itis or lacrimo/cyst/itis means
inflammation of the tear sac
the term stetho/scop/e literally means
instrument to examine the chest
the term opthalmo/scop/e menans
instrument to examine the eye
the term bronchoscope literally means
instrument to view trachea like structures
"Complimentary or Alternative Medicine" is now referred to as ________:
integrated medicine
"Massage and Reflexology" are examples of ________:
integrated medicine
The abbreviation "ICU" refers to a(n):
intensive care unit
the term psycholog/ist literally means
is a specialist in the science and study of the mind
the "pyelogram" records information about the
kidney pelvis
the "KUB" examination looks for defects in the
kidney, ureter, bladder
the combining forms that mean "movement or motion" are
kinesio- and -praxia
the diagnostic term Genu Varum (knees are in the varus position) means
knees are bent outward (bow-legged)
the combining form of a term that means hump or humpback is _________ and the medical condition of___________ is the backward bending of the thoracic spine
kypho-, kyphosis
the diagnostic term ot/itis interna can also be called
labyrinthitis or inflamed inner ear
the medical term ataxia means
lack of gross motor balance/coordination
the tear glands that lubricate and protect the eye are called
lacrimal glands
the small organs that produce and drain tears from the eye and are the
lacrimal glands and ducts
the eye structure that lies directly behind the pupil and the iris is the
lens
Cancers of the circulatory system include:
leukemia and lymphomas
the diagnostic term calcin/osis literally means
lime/condition
a fatty tumor is called
lipoma, steatoma, or adipoma
If an infection is "Chronic" it is characterized by:
little change, slow progression, and long duration
the abdominal cavity contains the
liver
the third set of 5 large vertebrae, which form the inward curve of the lower spine and are the spinal column's major weight barriers are called
lumber vertebrae
the endocrine system and the nervous systems are referred to as
master body systems
the upper jawbone is called the
maxilla
a muscle directional term for middle or toward the middle is
medi- or meso-
The area of the brain responsible for respiration, heart rate, and smooth muscle control of our blood vessels is the:
medulla oblongata
the correct way to fracture or divide the medical term mealnocarcinoma
melano/carcin/oma
the diagnostic term for a chronic disease of the inner ear characterized by dizziness (vertigo) and ringing (tinnitus) in the ear is
meniere's disease
The three-layered membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord and literally means membrane is called the:
meninges
the prefix that means "change or after"
meta
the combining form ment/o means
mind "ment/al"
the combining form phren/o means
mind or diaphragm "phren/ology and phrenic nerve"
"fluoroscopy" is used to record
moving body parts
the medical term neuro/fibromat/osis is characterized by
multiple fiber like nerve tumors
my/o- is the combining form of a word part that means:
muscle
Parkinson's disease causes body tremors, weak speech, shuffling feet, and depression. other patients may experience
muscle and body "voice loss, sphincter, problems, with falls and paralysis"
The medical term Tetanus (24 different types) usually refers to:
muscle spasms of body caused by bacteria clostridium tetani toxins
the terms my/asthenia and neur/asthenia mean
muscle weakness and nerve weakness
the diagnostic term muscular dystrophy means
muscles that have faulty development; and wasting away of the muscles that did develop properly
the term that means spinal cord inflammation is
myel/itis
the combining form ________ means bone marrow or spinal cord
myelo-
Laser assisted surgery, "LASIK" is used to correct
myopia (and hyperopia)
The medical term Myopic (adj.) literally means_____ and actually means____:
nearsightedness or shortsighted "see clear close up"
"Acu/puncture" literally means ________:
needle puncture
the medical term for new growth (of abnormal tissue or tumor)
neoplasm
the diagnostic term neur/asthenia means
nerve weakness
the cord-like structures that carry bio-electrical impulses from one part of the body to another are called
nerves
the medical abbreviations CNS,PNS, and ANS refer to the divisions of the
nervous system
the diagnostic term that means tumor made up of nerve cells is
neur/oma
the diagnostic term for an emotional disorder characterized by the use of ineffective skills for coping with anxiety or inner conflict is
neurosis "no loss of reality"
what cellular organelle contains chromosomes and has the literal meaning "nut"
nucleus
the most common combining vowel is
o
The term for an abnormal condition of the eye caused by a fungus is:
oculo/myc/o/sis
The term "Nebuliz/er" means:
one who causes a mist
The term Chiro/pract/or literally means:
one who practices by hand
the muscle term ad/duct/or literally means
one who/draws/toward "medially"
the medical term for a physician who specializes in ophthalmology is
ophthalmologist
the medical term for a specialist who studies the disease of the eye and is a medical doctor is
ophthalmologist
An instrument that examines the interior of the eye is called a(n):
opthalmo/scop/e
The nerve in the eye that carries visual impulses from the retina to the brain is the:
optic nerve
the medical term that actually means one who is skilled in filling prescriptions for lenses is
optician
a body part which is formed of two or more types of body tissue and performs one or more specific functions is called an
organ
the malleus, incus, and stapes make up the bones of the middle ear called the
ossicles
the diagnostic term that means abnormal loss of bone density or increased bone poros/ity is
osteo/por/o/sis
an instrument used to cut bone is called
osteo/tom/e
a physician that uses techniques and treatments similar to medical doctors and chiropractors is a
osteopath
a physician who uses techniques and treatments common to medical doctors and chiropractic physicians is an
osteopath
the term that means one who studies and treats disease of the ear is
otologist
the medical term for a fungal infection of the ear is
otomycosis
the medical term that means a specialist who studies and treats the diseases and disorders of the ear, nose, and throat is
otorhinolaryngologist
the diagnostic term ot/algia means
pain in the ear
the medical term cephalo/dypnia means
pain in the head
the medical term that means total paralysis
pan/plegia
the medical term quadri/plegia means
paralysis of all four limbs
the diagnostic term sub/luxation actually means
partial joint dislocation - less than complete dislocation
the suffix -paresis means
partial paralysis "paraparesis means slight or near paralysis"
the medical term the means "the science of or study of body changes caused by disease"
pathology
the study of disease is referred to as
pathology
which phrase refers to or ________ is a generalized actual meaning used for the suffixes -a,-ia,-iac,-al,-ar,-ic,-is,-on,-os,us,-ium, and -um
pertains to
the combining forms that mean "stone" are
petro- and litho-
the medical term that means mental disease is
phrenopathy
the modern medical term for a specialist who treats and diagnosis foot diseased and disorders such as corns, bunions, foot claw, ingrown toenails, is a chiro/pod/ist a more current name would be
pod/iatr/ist
the medical term septic/emia means
poison in the blood
the diagnostic term for inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord is
polio/myel/itis "anterior part of the spinal cord horn"
in the divided medical term 'osteo/por/o/sis' the slash lines indicate that the vowel "o" may be used as a part of which word parts
por- and -osis
the medical term alzheimers or picks diseases refer to
pre-senile dementia
the word part attached to the beginning of a word root in order to modify its meaning is called a
prefix
The term "Tympanostomy" literally means:
procedure of cutting and making a mouth-like opening in the ear drum
the medical term "gangli/ec/tom/y" means
procedure of cutting out a knot
the procedural term echo/encephalo/graphy actually means
procedure of recording brain structures by the use of sound
the term surgery literally means
procedure of working by hand
"graphy" literally means
procedure using an instrument to record
the term auscult/ation literally means
process or procedure of listening
the term percuss/ion literally means
process or procedure of striking
the surgical term radial keratotomy actually means
producing spoke-like incisions to flatten the cornea
the medical term that means an artificial substitute or addition replacing a missing body part is
prosth/esis
the term that describes the direction closest to the point of origin is
proximal
biofeedback is a type of______ therapy
psychosomatic
a bone process or eye membrane disease term that means resembling a wing is
pteryg/oid
the combining word form that refers to the "spine, vertebral column, and/or vertebra is
rachi/o and spondyl/o
"angiograms" are used for
recording pictures of vessels
the word part -iatro in iatro/genic or ger/iatric means
referring to a physician or medicine that treats or cures
the medical term paranoia literally means "mind/beyond or beside" or refers to behavior that is out of touch with reality or
refers to abnormal thinking or reasoning "psychosis-not real"
the term "ocular" literally means
refers to the eye
The term Anthropo/metr/ic means:
refers to the measurement of humans
signs of brain concussion include unequal pupil size, deafness, and
restlessness
The inner layer of the eye with the vision receptors is the:
retina
the medical term trach/oma refers to a chlamydial (to cloak) infection causing
rough swollen eye lesions
the diagnostic term herniated disc means
ruptured or protruding inter/vertebral disk cartilage
The term that divides the body into right and left halves is the:
sagittal plane
the outer hard layer of the eye (white of eye) is the
sclera
the medical term epilepsy means
seizure upon the mind and body
the structure in the inner ear that contains balance receptors and endolymph is called the
semicircular canals
the medical term visual acuity means
sharpness of vision
the diagnostic term for a viral disease that affects the peripheral nerves and causes the skin to blister along the course of the nerve is
shingles- herpes virus that cause chickenpox
If a wound is considered superficial it is
situated near the surface
An "EMG" is used to record information about _____ electrical activity.
skeletal
the medical term coma means
sleep like
a plantar wart is located on the
sole of the foot
the medical term opto/metr/ist literally means
specialist in measuring sight
the medical term psych/o/log/ist means
specialist in the science and study of the mind
the combining form phas/o means
speech
the structure that conducts nerve impulses to and from the brain and serves as a reflex center for some sensory information without input from the brain is the
spinal cord
a "myelogram" is used to record ________ information
spinal cord/nerve tissue
the surgical term that means fusing together of the spine is
spondyl/o/syn/desis
"Lithotripsy" is a procedure for crushing ________:
stones or calculi debris
in the divided medical term 'sub/hepat/ic, which part is the prefix and which part is the suffix
sub- and -ic
a chiropractor specializes in the repositioning of bones with adjustments in order to relieve nerve and tissue pressure causing bone
subluxations
in the medical term 'arthr/itis, -itis is the
suffix
the word part attached to the end of the word root in order to modify its meaning is the
suffix
placebo effect therapy uses the principle of
suggestion and believability
"Aromatherapy" is a type of integrated therapy that some may feel is _________:
suggestive, placebo effect, unsupported by clinical evidence and psychosomatic
If one is flat on their back and face up, they are in a _____ position.
supine
The surgical term Arthr/o/desis means:
surgical fixation or binding of a joint
the medical term that means feeling faint is
syncope
a spinal tap is used to
take fluid samples from the spinal fluid
the diagnostic term avulsion means
tearing lose of a body part like a bone chip or ligament
the diagnostic term rotator cuff avulsion actually means
tearing of shoulders joint's soft tissues, ligaments, and deep tendons (rotator cuff muscles)
the diagnostic term that means pain in the tendon is
tenalgia or tendynia
the medical term opisthotonos (backwards bending toe) means
tension that bends back and the head backward "tetanus"
the condition resulting in spasms of the nerves and muscles due to an abnormally low concentration of calcium in the blood is
tetany
the medical term that means the same as quadri/plegia is
tetra/plegia
the muscle term sphincter means
that which bind together
the diagnostic term ankylos/ing and spondyl/itis refers to the auto immune condition of rheumatoid arthritis and actually means
the abnormal condition of stiffness and fusion of vertebrae
the medical term encephalo/angio/scler/o/sis means
the condition of hardening of the brains blood vessels
the term laryngo/scop/y literally and acutally means
the procedure of viewing and examining the voice box
the term "biopsy" literally means
the procedure of viewing life
the medial term psych/iatr/y literally means
the procedure or process of treating or curing the mind
the medical term cerebral contusion means
the process of bruising the brain
the term examination means
the process or procedure of inspection
the term psychology literally means
the process or procedure of the science or study of the mind
the diagnostic term hammer-toe means
the toe or toes of the foot are bent over or down - like a hammer
the term schizo/phrenia (split/mind) actually refers to a type of psychosis that is also characterized by
thought deterioration and lack of social functioning before 45 years old
the diagnostic term for ringing in the ears is
tinnitus
the combining form hist/o means
tissue or web-like
the term "phelbotomy" means
to cut into a vein
The term "Catheter" literally means:
to let down, into
the term sphygmo/mano/meter literally means
to measure the pulse by hand
the medical term concussion means
to shake violently "causing brain bleeding"
The term "metastasis" means:
to spread
the directional term 'lateral' describes movement in which direction
to the side
the term "diagnosis" means
total knowledge
The directional term 'inferior' describes movement:
toward the lower end of the body
the diagnostic term that means deficient blood supply to the brain for a short time is called
transient ischemic attack "TIA"
the medical term shunt means
tube implanted in the body to redirect the flow of a fluid
the combining form onc/o- means
tumor
the muscle term supinator means
turns upward - one who
the procedure of using an instrument that produces high frequency sound waves to produce an image of the size or shape of a body part is called
ultra/sono/graph/y
The term that describes movement toward the front of the body is:
ventral
"Cryosurgery" is used to treat ________:
verrucae or warts
the diagnostic term spondyl/lith/esis literally and actually means
vertebrae/slippage/condition
the diagnostic term for dizziness (turning around) is
vertigo
the combining form or term that literally means "internal organs"
viscer/o-
the E eye chart is used to measure
visual acuity
the medical term burs/itis literally means
wine sac or sac inflamed
The term "Intramuscular Injection-IM" literally means:
within a muscle
the term "intravenous injection (IV)" means
within a vein
the combining form of a stem word is usually made of two component parts:
word root and combining vowel
in the medical term 'intra/ven/ous' the -ven is the
word root or stem word
the word part that contains the fundamental meaning of a word is the
word root/stem word
the muscle or body term trauma means
wound
the term "radiogram" means
x-ray recording
