Meiosis Mitosis Final Study

A duplicated chromosome consists of two

chromatids

Asexual reproduction requires ______ individual(s).

1

How many autosomes do humans have

44

What is a karyotype?

A display of every pair of homologous chromosomes within a cell, organized according to size and shape

______ represent sites of crossing over.

Chiasma

Genes are carried on

Chromosomes

During interphase of the cell cycle

DNA content essentially doubles

Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n = 16? a. During the S phase of the cell cycle there will be 32 separate chromosomes. b. A gamete from this species has 4 chromosomes. c. Each cell has 8 homologous pairs.This is the correct answer. d. The species is diploid with 32 chromosomes per cell. Selected:e. The species has 16 sets of chromosomes per cell.

Each cell has 8 homologous pairs

Which of the following is the best description of the events of anaphase I? a. Half of the chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole along with half of the chromosomes inherited from the father. b. Sister chromatids separate; those inherited from the mother migrate to one pole, and those inherited from the father go to the opposite pole. c. All of the chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole of the cell, and all of the chromosomes inherited from the father go to the other pole. Selected:d. Homologous chromosomes randomly separate and migrate to opposite poles.

Homologous chromosomes randomly separate and migrate to opposite poles

A gene's location along a chromosome is known as which of the following? Selected:a. SequenceThis answer is incorrect. b. Allele c. Trait d. Variant e. Locus

Locus

Homologous chromosomes moves toward opposite poles of a dividing cell during

Meiosis 1

At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes usually photographed in the preparation of a karyotype?

Metaphase

Asexual reproduction results in identical offspring unless which of the following occurs

Mutation

Asexual reproduction results in identical offspring unless which of the following occurs? a. Natural selection b. Crossing over Selected:c. MutationThis answer is correct. d. Cloning e. Environmental change

Mutation

The genetic material is duplicated during ______ of the cell cycle.

S phase

What is a genome?

The complete complement of an organism's genes

Chromatids are separated from each other. Selected:a. The statement is true for meiosis II only.This answer is incorrect. b. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis II.This is the correct answer. c. The statement is true for meiosis I only. d. The statement is true for mitosis only. e. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis I.

The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis II.

What is the sex chromosome complement of a normal human male

XY

Which of the following happens at the conclusion of meiosis I? Selected:a. Homologous chromosomes are separated.This answer is correct. b. The chromosome number per cell is conserved. c. Sister chromatids are separated. d. Four daughter cells are formed. e. The sperm cells elongate to form a head and a tail end.

a. Homologous chromosomes are separated.

When pairs of homologous chromosomes separate during anaphase I, Selected:a. the sister chromatids remain attached to one another.This answer is correct. b. recombination is not yet complete. c. the maternal chromosomes all move to the same daughter cell. d. the synaptonemal complex is visible under the light microscope.

a. The sister chromatids remain attached to one another

A tetrad includes which of the following sets of DNA strands? Selected:a. Two sets of sister chromatids that have synapsedThis answer is correct. b. Four sets of unique chromosomes c. Four sets of sister chromatids d. Two single-stranded chromosomes that have synapsed e. Eight sets of sister chromatids

a. Two sets of sister chromatids that have synapsed

Chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual are called

autosomes

Which of the following occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis? a. Alignment of chromosomes at the equator Selected:b. Synapsis of chromosomesThis answer is correct. c. Condensation of chromatin d. Production of daughter cells e. Chromosome replication

b. Synapsis of chromosomes

Chiasmata are what we see under a microscope that let us know which of the following is occurring? a. Asexual reproduction b. Separation of homologs Selected:c. Crossing overThis answer is correct. d. Anaphase II e. Meiosis II

c. Crossing over

A cell divides to produce two daughter cells that are genetically different. a. The statement is true for meiosis II only. b. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis II. Selected:c. The statement is true for meiosis I only.This answer is correct. d. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis I. e. The statement is true for mitosis only.

c. The statement is true for meiosis I only

Sister chromatids are joined at the

centromere

Homologous chromosomes synapse and crossing over occurs. a. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis II. b. The statement is true for meiosis II only. c. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis I. Selected:d. The statement is true for meiosis I only.This answer is correct. e. The statement is true for mitosis only.

d. The statement is true for meiosis I only.

After telophase I of meiosis, the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is

haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids

Both mitosis and meiosis are preceded by ______.

interphase

With one exception all of the following are characteristic of meiosis. Which is the exception? a. independent orientation of chromosomes b. pairing of homologous chromosomes c. crossing over Selected:d. random fertilizationThis answer is correct. e. the production of gametes

random fertilization

during prophase I, the pairing of homologous chromosomes results in the formation of a

tetrad

Upon completion of telophase I and cytokinesis, there is(are) ______ cell(s

two haploid

In animals, meiosis results in gametes, and fertilization results in

zygotes