**METABOLISM

The nurse is describing the action of insulin in the body to a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Which of the following would the nurse explain as being the primary action? It stimulates the pancreatic beta cells. It decreases the intestinal absorption of glucose. It aids in the process of gluconeogenesis. It enhances transport of glucose across the cell wall.

It enhances transport of glucose across the cell wall. Explanation: Insulin carries glucose into body cells as their preferred source of energy. Besides, it promotes the liver's storage of glucose as glycogen and inhibits the breakdown of glycogen back into glucose. Insulin does not aid in gluconeogenesis but inhibits the breakdown of glycogen back into glucose.

A multigravida client has given birth to a large-for-gestational age infant with Apgar scores of 8 and 9. The priority nursing assessment for this infant is for: hypoglycemia jaundice passage of meconium failure to thrive

Metabolic acidosis. Explanation: This client has metabolic acidosis, which typically manifests with a low pH, low bicarbonate level, normal to low PaCO2, and normal PaO2. The client's serum electrolyte levels also support metabolic acidosis, which include an elevated potassium level, normal to elevated chloride level, and normal calcium level. The client's anion gap of 30 mEq/L is high, also indicative of metabolic acidosis. This kind of metabolic acidosis occurs with diabetic ketoacidosis and other disorders.

The nurse is reviewing the history and physical examination of a client diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find? Thick hard nails Inability to tolerate cold Complaints of sleepiness Reports of increased appetite

Reports of increased appetite Explanation: Signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism reflect the increased metabolic rate and would include reports of increased appetite, weight loss, and intolerance to heat. Sleepiness, thick hard nails, and intolerance to cold are associated with hypothyroidism.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has which effects on the kidney? Increased absorption of vitamin D and excretion of vitamin E Increased absorption of vitamin E and excretion of vitamin D Stimulation of calcium reabsorption and phosphate excretion Stimulation of phosphate reabsorption and calcium excretio

Stimulation of calcium reabsorption and phosphate excretion Explanation: PTH stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb calcium and excrete phosphate and converts vitamin D to its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. PTH doesn't have a role in the metabolism of vitamin E. Reference: