Metric Measurement
Choose the appropriate metric unit: Which is a better estimate for the length of a bed - kilometers or meters?
meters
In what order are the riders moved on a triple beam balance?
middle, back, front
What tool is used to measure the volume of IRREGULAR SOLIDS such as a ring or rock? What method is used to measure the volume of irregular solids?
- Graduated cylinder (and beakers) - The method is called water displacement
metric system
- an international system of measurement used by the scientific community that is based on the number 10 - it is a decimal based system that uses the meter, liter and gram to measure length, volume and mass respectively - it was developed and formalize by the French in the 1700s
Complete the following metric conversion: 50 cm = _____m
0.5 m
What should you do to get the most accurate measurement when reading a graduated cylinder?
1. Keep the cylinder on a FLAT, LEVEL surface. 2. Read the meniscus at EYE LEVEL. 3. Read the MIDDLE of the meniscus.
Explain how to find the mass of a liquid using a triple beam balance.
1.Find the mass of the empty container 2. Find the mass of the container and liquid together 3. Subtract the mass of the empty container from the mass of the container and liquid.
What does the metric prefix "deci-" mean?
1/10 (one tenth of the basic unit)
What does the metric prefix "centi-" mean?
1/100 (One hundredth of the basic unit)
What does the metric prefix "milli-" mean?
1/1000 (One thousandth of the basic unit)
What does the metric prefix "kilo-" mean?
1000
Complete the following metric conversion: 16 cm = ___ mm
160 mm
How do you convert between liquid units of volume (ex: mL) and solid units of volume (ex: cm3)?
1mL = 1 cm3 You can fill a 1 cm3 cube with 1 mL of water
Complete the following metric conversion: 2000mg = ___ g
2.0 g
ratio
A comparison of two quantities by division
What is temperature?
A measure of the average kinetic energy (energy of motion) of the particles of a substance.
What is weight?
A measure of the force of gravity on an object - measured in Newtons (N)
Why does the Earth have a greater gravitational pull than the moon?
ALL objects with MASS have a pull of gravity. The more massive the object, the stronger the pull of gravity. The Earth has more mass than the moon so it has a stronger pull of gravity, which is why you weigh more on the Earth than on the moon.
Which part of a meniscus do you read?
Always read the middle of the meniscus
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space
What is the metric unit to express solid volume?
Cubed meters cubed centimeters cubed millimeters (cubed units)
What is density and explain why it is a derived quantity.
Density is the amount of matter in a certain amount of space (volume). Density is NOT directly measured. Rather, the mass of the object and the volume of the object are measured first. Density is then calculated by dividing the mass by the volume. D = m/v
What is the basic metric unit to measure the mass of an object?
Grams
Explain the water displacement method.
It is a method that first involves measuring the starting volume of water. The object then is placed into the water, causing the water level to rise. The volume of the water and object is measured. How much the water level rises is equal to the volume of the object. Find this value by subtracting the final volume of water from the starting volume of water. See math setup below. Final volume (water + solid object) - starting volume (water alone) ___________________________________________________ volume of solid object *This method is typically used to find the volume of an irregularly shaped solid.
What is length (width, height)?
Length (width or height) is the distance between two points - the basic metric unit is the meter (m)
What is the metric unit used to express liquid volume?
Liters (milliliter, centiliter, kiloliter, etc.)
How are weight and mass different?
Mass is a measurement of the amount of matter something contains, while weight is the measurement of the pull of gravity on an object. ***Weight changes with location in the universe. *** Mass does not change with location. (Mass can change based on diet or amount of exercise, but NOT with location in the universe.)
What are derived quantities? Give two examples.
Measurements that are CALCULATED from other measurements. They are NOT directly measured. Ex: 1. Area is calculated by multiplying length x width 2. Speed is calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the time it takes to travel the distance. 3. Density is the amount of mass in a given volume.
State the basic metric unit used to measure length
Meter (m)
Metric system prefixes
Metric prefixes are added to the base unit to change its value. Some prefixes make the base unit bigger while others are subdivisions of the base unit. STUDY THE VALUE OF THE PREFIXES BELOW: kilo = 1000 hecto = 100 deka = 10 base unit = 1 deci = 1/10 centi = 1/100 milli = 1/1000
State the tool used to measure length
Metric ruler
Thinking about the definition of temperature, explain the difference between the air on a hot summer day with the temperature measuring 90F compared to a cool fall day with the air temperature measuring 50F. Note: Degree Fahrenheit is NOT a metric unit, but used in this example for familiarity.
Since temperature is a measure of molecular motion, the molecules of air move faster on a hot summer day (temp. 90F) and move more slowly on a cool fall day (temp. 50F).
Which is the best tool to measure the volume of a liquid - a beaker or a graduated cylinder? Support your answer
The GRADUATED CYLINDER is the best tool to measure liquid volume. Its scale has a greater number of divisions. The scale interval on a graduated cylinder is typically smaller making estimations easier and more accurate.
What metric unit is used to express weight?
The Newton (N)
What is volume?
The amount of space an object takes up or occupies (also known as capacity) - the basic metric unit for LIQUID volume is the Liter (L) - the basic metric units for SOLID volume are cubed units (cm3, m3 or mm3)
Meniscus
The curved upper surface of a liquid in a tube
A 3.0 cm3 block of aluminum has a density of 2.7 g/cm3. If the block is cut in half, what would its density be?
The density of each half of the block would still be 2.7 g/cm3. Half of the block would have a smaller mass and a smaller volume, but the ratio between mass and volume remains the same.
How do you find the volume of a regular solid?
Use a metric ruler to measure the length, width and height of the object. Then multiply. volume = length x width x height ** Your answer will be in cubed units (mm3, cm3, m3, etc)
In which location (the Earth or the moon) do you weigh less and why? Compare your mass at each location.
You WEIGH LESS on the moon because the moon has a weaker pull of gravity compared to the Earth's pull of gravity. (The strength of gravity depends on the mass of the object; the moon has less mass than the Earth and therefore a weaker pull of gravity.) Your MASS remains the SAME on Earth and the Moon!! **The amount of matter in you can change, BUT NOT due to location!!!!
What tool is used to measure mass?
a balance scale such as the triple beam balance
What tool is used to measure weight?
a spring scale
Choose the appropriate metric unit: Which is a better estimate for the height of a traffic cone - centimeters or millimeters?
centimeters
Choose the appropriate metric unit: Which is a better estimate for the length of a finger - meters or centimeters?
centimeters
What metric unit is used to measure temperature?
degrees Celsius (or Kelvin)
What tools are used to measure liquid volume?
graduated cylinders, beakers, and flasks
Choose the appropriate metric unit: Which is a better estimate for the weight of a paper plate- kilograms or grams? Note: A metal paperclip has a mass of around 1 gram. A stick of gum and a dollar bill are about 1 gram in mass.
gram
Choose the appropriate metric unit: Which is a better estimate for the distance of a road from one end of a city to the other - centimeters or kilometers?
kilometers
What is mass?
the amount of matter in an object - it is measured in grams (g)
Metric system conversions
• To convert from a larger unit to a smaller unit, move the decimal point to right • To convert from a smaller unit to a larger unit, move the decimal point to left - 1 kilogram = 1,000 grams - 1 gram = 1,000 milligrams - 1 milligram = 1,000 micrograms
