MGM 490 test 1

household life cycle

1. Most families pass through an orderly progression of stages, each with its own characteristics, financial situation, and purchasing patterns, which is the basic assumption underlying the __________ approach.

polychromic

A culture that tends to view time as being less discrete and less subject to scheduling, views simultaneous involvement in many activities as natural, allows activities to occur at their own pace rather than according to a predetermined timetable is adhering to a _________ time perspective

market segment

A portion of a larger market whose needs differ somewhat from the larger market is referred to as a(n)

subculture

A segment of a larger culture whose members share distinguishing values and patterns of behavior is known as a(n)

age cohort

A(n) __________ is a group of persons who have experienced a common social, political, historical, and economic environment

household

According to the Census Bureau, all the people who occupy a housing unit is defined as a

continuous innovation

Adoption of which type of innovation requires relatively minor changes in behavior or changes in behaviors that are unimportant to the consumer?

occupation is given a higher weight than education

In the Hollingshead Index of Social Position, which is true?

green marketing

Marketers have responded to Americans' increasing concern for the environment with an approach called

norms

The boundaries that culture sets on behavior are called

diffusion process

The manner in which innovations spread throughout a market is referred to as the

personal space

The nearness that others can come to you in various situations without your feeling uncomfortable is known as

consumer socialization

The process in which young people acquire skills, knowledge, and attitudes relevant to their functioning as consumers in the marketplaces is known as

target market

The segment(s) within the larger market on which an organization will focus its marketing effort is referred to as the

value

To survive in a competitive environment, an organization must provide its target customers more __________ than is provided to them by its competition

group

Two or more individuals who share a set of norms, values, or beliefs and have certain implicitly or explicitly defined relationships to one another such that their behaviors are interdependent is known as a(n)

standardization

Using one marketing strategy across various cultures is referred to as

sanctions

Violation of cultural norms results in __________, or penalties ranging from mild social disapproval to banishment from the group

monochronic and polychronic

What are the two major ways time varies between cultures?

household

What is the basic consumption unit for most consumer goods?

identity product-related need sets

What is the first step in market segmentation?

problem recognition

What is the first step in the consumer decision process?

selecting an attractive segment to serve

What is the laststep in market segmentation?

ethnic groups

Which of the following are the most commonly described subcultures?

material/nonmaterial

Which of the following is a self-oriented value?

tradition/change

Which of the following is notan other-oriented value

income and education

Which of the following is strongly associated with occupation?

demographics, lifestyles, and media usage

Which of the following is used to describe a group of consumers with similar needs sets?

global citizens

Which one of the four segments of world citizens feels positively about international brands because they view them as a signal of higher quality?

global dreamers

Which one of the four segments of world citizens feels positively about international brands, values their symbolic aspects, and is less concerned about corporate responsibility?

need set

Which term reflects the fact that most products in developed economies satisfy more than one need?

monochronic time perspective

Which time perspective views time almost as a physical object believing that a person does one thing at a time?

reference group

Which type of group's presumed perspectives or values are being used by an individual as the basis for his or her current behavior?

informational

Which type of influence occurs when an individual uses the behaviors and opinions of reference group members as potentially useful bits of information?

cause-related marketing

Which type of marketing ties a company and its products to an issue or cause with the goal of improving sales or corporate image while providing benefits to the cause

normative

Which type of reference group influence occurs when an individual fulfills group expectations to gain a direct reward or to avoid a sanction?

norms

__________ are rules that specify or prohibit certain behaviors in specific situations

cultural values

__________ are widely held beliefs that affirm what is desirable

geronotographics

__________ deals with the mature market and is based on the theory that people change their outlook on life when they experience major life events such as becoming a grandparent, retiring, losing a spouse, or developing chronic health conditions

demographics

__________ describes a population in terms of its size, structure, and distribution

culture

__________ is the complex whole that includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by humans as members of society

cohort analysis

__________ is the process of describing and explaining the attitudes, values, and behaviors of an age group as well as predicting its future attitudes, values, and behaviors.

etiquette

__________ represents generally accepted ways of behaving in social situations

Social Marketing

is the application of marketing strategies and tactics to alter or create behaviors that have a positive effect on the targeted individuals or society as a whole

Consumer Behavior

is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society

cultural values

norms are derived from