MGMT 303: Ch. 8 Organizational Culture and Structure
In the elements of organizations, ________ unifies employees or members and gives everyone an understanding of the organization's reason for being.
common purpose
A system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members is called organizational ______.
Culture
The more subunits into which an organization breaks down, the more highly _____ it is.
differentiated
An organization comprised of many levels with narrow spans of managerial control is described as _____.
tall
A _____ is a narrative about the company's history that is repeated by an organization's members in order to emphasize a particular value.
story
_____ is the tendency of the parts of an organization to disperse and fragment.
differentiation
Managers taking a contingency approach to organizational design should consider which three things in determining the optimal structure for the organization?
differentiation vs integration environment mechanistic vs organic environment link between strategy, structure and culture
According to the competing values framework (CVF), organizational _____ varies along two dimensions
effectiveness
The extent to which your personality and values match the climate and culture in an organization is referred to as _____.
person-organization fit
Some businesses have created open-area workspaces where employees sit at desks that are side-by-side and no walls are between them. This is to foster collaboration among the staff. What aspect of culture change does this represent?
physical design
If an organization wishes to change its culture, managers can alter the types of _____ and status symbols they give out and to whom they give them.
rewards
Some of the strongest ways to embed organizational culture include which two of the following? stories rewards status symbols rites
rewards status symbols
Organizations can use _____, activities that celebrate important events or achievements for the organization, to change the organization's culture.
rites and rituals
Flat organizations generally have few levels with _______ spans of control, with one manager overseeing many employees.
wide
An organization that wants to eliminate layers in favor of creating a culture where employees have more power should consider adopting a _____ organizational structure.
flattened
Match the dimensions of the competing values framework (CVF) with their descriptions. (horizontal)
focuses on outward(customers) vs inward dynamics(employees)
_____ embed preferred culture by describing organizational philosophy, mission, vision, and values.
formal statements
If an organization wishes to become more controlling and authoritative toward its employees, it should consider adopting a(n) _____ structure.
hierarchical
In terms of organizational culture, a _______ is an artifact, act, quality, or event that conveys an organization's most important values to others.
symbol
What occurs as a result of the horizontal organizational design?
teams are used to improve collaboration
Which of the following statements regarding the horizontal design are true? work groups are used to improve collaboration cross-functional teams are eliminated this design is a so-called team-based design internal boundaries are broken down
this design is a so-called team-based design workgroups are used to improve collaboration internal boundaries are broken down
One method of changing organizational culture is to provide structured _____ as an in-depth introduction to organizational values.
training
Which of these would be considered observable artifacts in an organization? (select all that apply) rituals sales decorations values awards
rituals, decorations, awards
Which of the following represent learning-related tools that can be leveraged to change an organization's culture?
role modeling, coaching, training
An organization that has authority centralized in a single person, as well as a flat hierarchy, few rules, and low work specialization, is using a _____.
simple structure
What is the most accurate description of person-organization fit?
a match between an individual's personality and values and those of the organization
Which of the following can leaders pay attention to, measure, and control in order to change the organization's culture?
activities, processes, outcomes
A box-and-lines illustration showing the formal lines of authority and the organization's work specializations is called a(n) ______ chart.
flattened
What are three characteristics of an organization with a simple structure? low work specialization authority in a single person a flat heirarchy a tall heirarchy customized work types dispersed authority
authority in a single person low work specialization a flat heirarchy
A(n) _____ organization is a fluid, highly adaptive organization whose members are linked by information technology and collaborate on common tasks.
boundaryless
Rites and rituals, which are activities and _____ used to celebrate important organizational events or achievements, can be leveraged in the process of culture change.
ceremonies
While Kirsten would have liked to ship all of the products at once, export fees limited her to shipping product out in small batches. Kirsten has fit her organization into the structure of the environment she uses for shipping. This is an example of _____ design.
contingency
Organizational design is concerned with which two activities?
creating a structures of accountability and responsibility creating a structural design that will help an organization execute its strategies
Formal statements can help to change an organization's culture by
embedding the culture in various organization materials such as vision, mission, and value statements
Organizations wishing to change their culture may alter their physical layout and design in order to:
encourage employee productivity send a strong message about company culture
Match the dimensions of the competing values framework (CVF) with their descriptions. (vertical)
expresses the intent of which the organization prefers flexibility and discretion versus stability and control.
Which of the following are outcomes associated with various types of organizational culture?
higher market share in clan cultures. more positive organizational outcomes in market cultures higher customer satisfaction in clan and market cultures higher financial performance in market and hierarchy cultures more positive work attitudes in clan cultures.
Identify the three types of structures categorized as organizational designs with open boundaries. modular mechanistic hollow virtual tall
hollow modular virtual
The three types of organizational design are: sectional horizontal traditional open boundaries
horizontal, traditional, open boundaries
An organization's _____ can pay attention to, measure, and control a number of activities, processes,or outcomes in order to foster a certain culture.
leaders
More positive organizational outcomes are associated with _____ cultures.
market
An organization where authority is centralized, tasks and rules are clearly specified, and employees are closely supervised is called _____.
mechanistic
Top-down structure and rigid rules are characteristics of a(n) _____ organization.
mechanistic
In organizational culture, a story is a(n)
narrative based on true events which is repeated in order to emphasize a particular value.
Symbols in organizational culture represent
objects or actions that convey an organization's most important values to others.
The readily apparent symbols and manifestations of an organization's culture are called its _____.
observable facts
A(n) _____ is a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more people.
organization
Common purpose, one of the four common elements of organizations proposed by Schein,
unifies members and helps everyone understand the organization's reason for being.
What are the two types of information that organization charts reveal about organizational structure?
who reports to whom, and who specializes in what work
