MGMT 3030 - Leadership Ch. 2
perceptual set
Our tendency or bias to perceive one thing and not another is referred to as our _______. attribution bias A-O-R response perceptual set self-fulfilling prophecy
perceptual set
Our tendency or bias to perceive one thing and not another is referred to as our _______. perceptual set A-O-R response attribution bias self-fulfilling prophecy
personal growth
A leadership development program that uses wilderness survival techniques is probably focusing on personal growth skill building conceptual awareness feedback
the tendency to overestimate the dispositional causes of behavior and underestimate the environmental causes when others fail.
Fundamental attribution error can best be described as -the explanation offered for a specific behavior. -the tendency to overestimate the dispositional causes of behavior and underestimate the environmental causes when others fail. -the tendency to perceive one thing and not another. -the tendency to underestimate the dispositional and environmental causes of behavior causes when others succeed.
only women
Studies of what men and women managers learn from experiences found that taking charge of career was a lesson frequently identified by both men and women. only men. only women. neither men nor women.
A program on new leadership techniques
Which of the following is not a good source of information about behaviors leaders need to change? 360 degree feedback A performance appraisal Direct feedback from others A program on new leadership techniques
Encouraging competition
Which of the following is not one of the five steps of informal coaching? Encouraging competition Shaping the environment Inspiring commitment Forging a partnership
No leader possesses all of the knowledge and skills required to be successful. Leaders should work and focus on development goals that matter.
Which of the following should leaders keep in mind when developing their own leadership skills? (Check all that apply.) -No leader possesses all of the knowledge and skills required to be successful. -Leaders should work and focus on development goals that matter. -Most leaders have a single rather than multiple development needs. -Leaders need to determine which new skills will have the highest personal rather than organizational payoffs.
service learning
Academic programs to develop social responsibility and engagement in the local community use ______.
clear, direct feedback
According to the research, which is the most valuable factor in coaching? Clear, direct feedback General encouragement Understanding organizational objectives Advice on handling situations
All behaviors can be changed
All of the following except which is a critical lesson learned from formal coaching? All behaviors can be changed. There is no substitute for accountability. Assessments are important Practice is critical.
All behaviors can be changed.
All of the following except which is a critical lesson learned from formal coaching? There is no substitute for accountability. All behaviors can be changed. Assessments are important Practice is critical. Correct Answer All behaviors can be changed.
include coursework examining foundational theories and leadership concepts
An effective leadership development program will -include coursework examining foundational theories and leadership concepts. -ignore group dynamics in order to emphasize the individual. -include faculty from a single relevant discipline. -focus on a single important discipline.
an in-basket exercise
An exercise in which participants have a limited amount of time to prioritize and respond to notes, letters, and phone messages from a fictitious manager's in-basket is called an in-basket exercise. a role playing exercise. simulation. a case study.
attributions
Explanations we develop for the characteristics, behaviors, or actions we attend to are called reflections attributions realizations observations
20-50% more
How much more do top performers typically contribute to an organization compared to average performers? 30-70% more 10% more 80-90% more 20-50% more
Informal mentoring usually begins with the protégé working in a part of the mentor's organization or on a high-visibility project for the mentor.
Identify a true statement about informal mentoring programs. -Informal mentoring usually begins with the protégé working in a part of the mentor's organization or on a high-visibility project for the mentor. -Informal mentoring programs impose an organization's or a mentor's version of what the protégé should become. -Informal mentors are similar to a coach or a sponsor to another person. -Organizations usually implement informal mentoring programs to accelerate the development of female or minority protégés.
first work to acquire one or two skills before moving on to the next set of development needs
If leaders have more than two development needs, they should _____. work to acquire four or five skills before moving on to the next set of development needs look to acquire all skills that matter together rather than one by one first work to acquire one or two skills before moving on to the next set of development needs focus on organizational skills rather than personal skills
double-loop learning
Individuals who are willing to confront their own views are using double-loop learning. attribution learning. non-conformist learning. single-loop learning.
mentoring
Mick has taken a new hire, Brian, under his wing and is helping Brian by giving him knowledge, advice, challenge, counsel, and support about career opportunities, organizational strategy and policy, office politics. This process can be described as ______. -off-the-job training -formal coaching -teaching -mentoring
midlevel managers
Programs for _________________ ______________ often focus on improving interpersonal, oral communication, and written communication skills, as well as giving tips on time management, planning, and goal setting.
"best practices" for coaches
The notion that a person being coached must want to change; assessments are important; some behaviors cannot be changed; practice is critical; and there is no substitute for accountability are all ______. -skills that good leaders must have. -pieces of advice for new hires. -"best practices" for coaches. -required managerial talents.
action learning
The leader development technique that addresses actual company challenges is called _________. simulations games action learning role playing
action learning
The leader development technique that addresses actual company challenges is called _________. simulations role playing action learning games
Personal growth, skill building, feedback, conceptual awareness
Which best describes leader development at 3M? Role playing, personal growth, action learning, skill building. Action learning, role playing, personal growth, feedback Personal growth, skill building, feedback, conceptual awareness. Feedback, skill building, conceptual awareness, action learning.
True
True or false: 3M's commitment to leadership development is illustrated by its decision to make talent development a core business strategy.
This is true. The tendency to overestimate the dispositional causes of behavior and underestimate the environmental causes when others fail is called the fundamental attribution error. People prefer to explain others' behavior on the basis of personal attributions even when obvious situational factors may fully account for the behavior.
True or false: People prefer to explain others' behavior on the basis of personal attributions even when obvious situational factors may fully account for the behavior.
False
True or false: Leader development and leadership development refer to the same phenomenon. True False
single-loop
When an individual learns only about subjects within the comfort zone of their belief system they are using _________ learning. attribution non-conformist single-loop double-loop
1-2
When making behavior changes, how many areas should leaders work on at the same time? As many as possible. 1-2 2-3 4-5
1. Men only 2. Women only 3. Men and Women
Match the genders with the most frequent lessons that men and women managers. 1. Technical/professional skills 2. Personal limits and blind spots 3. Basic management values
First-level supervisors
Programs for ___________ ____________ focus on developing skills such as training, monitoring, giving feedback, and conducting performance reviews with subordinates.
First-level supervisors
Programs for _________________ ______________ focus on developing skills such as training, monitoring, giving feedback, and conducting performance reviews with subordinates.
It can provide leaders with a variety of insights into how to frame problems differently.
Perhaps the most important yet most neglected component of the action- observation-reflection model is reflection. Why is reflection important? It can provide leaders with a variety of insights into how to ignore subordinates and their duties. It can provide leaders with a variety of insights into how to look at situations from a single perspective. It can provide leaders with ways to impede the development of executive competence. It can provide leaders with a variety of insights into how to frame problems differently.
Midlevel managers
Programs for __________ ______________ often focus on improving interpersonal, oral communication, and written communication skills, as well as giving tips on time management, planning, and goal setting.
a self-fulfilling prophecy
The findings by Eden and Shani that individuals placed in a high potential group were perceived to have higher potential than those placed in an unknown or regular potential group even though potential was never actually assessed reflects
both high and low performing followers.
The five step informal coaching process is most efficient for -high performing followers. -both high and low performing followers. -only mid-level managers. -low performing followers.
self-fulfilling prophecy
The situation that occurs when one's expectations or predictions play a causal role in bringing about the events one predicts is known as _____. -actor/observer difference -predictive perceptual set -fundamental attribution error -self-fulfilling prophecy
self-serving bias
The tendency to make external attributions (blame the situation) for your own failures yet make internal attributions (take credit) for your successes refers to actor/observer difference. the perceptual set. self-serving bias. fundamental attribution error.
the notion that we are selective in what we attend to and what we perceive
The term perceptual set refers to
action, reflection, observation
The three processes that enhance leadership development are __________.
occur when a protégé and mentor build a long-term relationship based on friendship, common interests, and mutual respect
Unlike formal mentoring programs, informal mentoring programs _____. -occur when the organization assigns a relatively inexperienced but high-potential leader to one of the top executives in the company -occur when a protégé and mentor build a long-term relationship based on friendship, common interests, and mutual respect -often begin with the protégé and the mentor working in the same role in an organization -occur in low-visibility projects that do not have serious implications for the mentor
formal mentoring
What occurs when an organization assigns a relatively inexperienced, but high-potential leader to one of the top-executives in the company? Formal mentoring Informal coaching Formal coaching Informal mentoring
Using self-serving bias to better position oneself within the organization.
Which is not a benefit of reflection? -Better understanding subordinates. -Using self-serving bias to better position oneself within the organization. -Looking at situations from multiple perspectives. -Gaining insight into how to frame problems.
Response
Which is not part of the A-O-R model? Reflection Observation Action Response
Feedback-based approach
Which leadership development technique can help identify 'blind spots' an individual may be unaware of? Skill building Feedback-based approach Conceptual awareness Personal growth
targeted coaching
Which method of learning results in the greatest amount of behavioral change? Targeted coaching E-Learning Training seminars On-the-job-assignments
E-learning
Which method of learning results in the smallest amount of behavioral change?
Shaping the environment
Which of the five steps of informal coaching is important to attracting and retaining followers to the work group? Forging a partnership Inspiring commitment Shaping the environment Promoting persistence
has a self-serving bias.
An individual who takes credit for successes but blames the situation for failures -has fundamental attribution error. -is following the spiral of experience. -has a self-serving bias. -has a limited perceptual set.
True; Reason: Inge Thulin, CEO of 3M, made development of all talent, including leaders, a core business strategy.
True or false: 3M's commitment to leadership development is illustrated by its decision to make talent development a core business strategy. True False
True
True or false: Research shows that coaching may be more effective at changing behavior than traditional learning and training approaches.
False
True or false: Self-fulfilling prophecy refers to the explanations we develop for behaviors to which we attend.
1-2
When making behavior changes, how many areas should leaders work on at the same time? Multiple choice question. As many as possible. 4-5 1-2 2-3
Whenever a leader helps a follower change their behavior
Which of the following best identifies when informal coaching takes place? In the classroom During the annual review process with superiors During internal training sessions Whenever a leader helps a follower change their behavior
Training designed to develop one's skill in giving feedback to another person
Which of the following illustrates leader development? -Training designed to develop one's skill in giving feedback to another person -Training designed to increase shared properties of whole groups or social systems -Enhancing the reward system in an organization to encourage collaborative behavior -Developing the degree of trust among all members of a team or department
A program on new leadership techniques
Which of the following is not a good source of information about behaviors leaders need to change? 360 degree feedback A performance appraisal A program on new leadership techniques Direct feedback from others
learning by doing
The main focus of action learning is _____. on-the-goal leadership open leadership development learning by doing flexible learning
Formal coaching usually involves regular meetings between the coach and the manager.
Which of the following statements regarding formal coaching programs is true? -One-to-one relationships in formal coaching programs are rare. -Most Global 1000 companies do not use formal coaching programs and rely on informal coaching instead. -Formal coaching usually involves regular meetings between the coach and the manager. -Formal coaching is generally conducted using group techniques.
In-basket exercises
Which technique is especially useful for assessing and improving a manager's planning and time management techniques? In-basket exercises Role playing exercises Case studies Presentations
