Mgmt test1

7. Which of the following individuals is a best example of a frontline supervisor? a. A person who, along with other senior executives, develops the organization's strategy using conceptual skills b. A person who develops and motivates his team using interpersonal skills c. A person who focuses on technical issues to ensure that operations are running smoothly d. A person who sets the vision and objectives of an organization

C. A person who focuses on technical issues to ensure that operations are running smoothly

22. Fine Electronics, a manufacturing company, plans to secure new suppliers in Rhodia. Therefore, the manager of the company and his executives visit Rhodia to better understand its culture and explore opportunities. This shows that the manager of Fine Electronics is using _____ to make strategic changes. a. technical skills b. contingency approach c. contextual intelligence d. scientific management

C. Contextual intelligence

20. Which of the following refers to the systematic assessment of the external environment to prepare for a possible range of alternative futures for the organization? a. Scenario building b. Trend analysis c. Contingency planning d. Environmental scanning

C. Contingency planning

21. Which of the following entities belongs to the internal environment of an organization? a. Technology b. Suppliers c. Employees d. Customers

C. Employees

4. Z-Gadget organizations often face opposition when they go into a community to open a new Z-Gadget store. One reason for this is that the management of Z-Gadget has been accused of unethical acts such as discriminating against women and minorities. The top manager's poor treatment of women and minority employees might be considered a failure with respect to what area of management? a. Strategic positioning b. Organizational design c. Individual leadership d. Shareholder value

C. Individual leadership

19. Forecasting the likely result that might occur when several events and stakeholders are linked together is known as _____. a. strategic review process b. environmental scanning c. scenario building d. contingency planning

C. Scenario building

5. Which of the following statements about the three pillars of management is true? a. The interaction between the three pillars of management is a linear process. b. The strategic perspective involves developing and aligning the organizational components to achieve strategic objectives. c. The interplay of strategy, organizational design, and individual action operates within a broad contextual landscape. d. Individual leadership addresses the impact of globalization on competitive positioning of a business.

C. The interplay of strategy, organizational design, and individual action operates within a broad contextual landscape.

3. _____ is defined as the ethical philosophy claiming that behaviors are considered moral if they produce the greatest good, for the greatest number of people. a. Consumerism b. Totalitarianism c. Utilitarianism d. Kantianism

C. Utilitarianism

25. Culture belongs to the _____ environment of an organization. a. task b. economic c. internal d. general

C. internal

15. Which of the following best describes the managerial view on the purpose of business? a. A business framework where the job of top managers is to produce the highest possible stock market valuation of the firm's assets b. A business framework that attempts to organize and analyze multiple groups that interact with the firm c. A business framework where organizational structure is based on fit between the organization and various aspects in its environment d. A business framework where the firm is seen as a mechanism for converting raw materials into products to sell to customers

D. A business framework where the firm is seen as a mechanism for converting raw materials into products to sell to customers

28. Conceptual skills consume more of a top executive's time, while technical skills are more important for new employees and frontline supervisors.

T

29. To be successful, organizations need to develop and nurture managers and leaders throughout the organization, not just at the top.

T

30. Fuel and mining products are increasingly important components of MERCOSUR's export base.

T

31. Bureaucratic organization structure involves vertical separation of planning and execution so that plans are made in the upper ranks of an organization and executed in the lower.

T

31. The theory of comparative advantage proclaims that countries should specialize in producing goods for which they have the lowest opportunity cost of production.

T

32. The human relations movement emphasized the importance of informal social relations at work.

T

34. A stakeholder is any group or individual who can affect or is affected by the achievement of an organization's purpose.

T

35. A firm's employees are the people who make the products and provide the services that allow the firm to exist.

T

9. Which of the following statements about the various trade agreements is true? a. MERCOSUR seeks to create an economic juggernaut in United Kingdom. b. CACM comprises the countries of Canada, Mexico, and the United States. c. ASEAN's primary goal is to promote social and cultural development. d. NAFTA was originally known as the European Coal and Steel Community.

c. ASEAN's primary goal is to promote social and cultural development.

14. Which of the following is true of an organization's trade secrets? a. An organization cannot retrieve trade secrets stolen by foreign companies. b. An organization must rely on external forces to protect its intellectual property. c. An organization can protect itself using international intellectual property laws. d. An employee cannot reveal trade secrets even with the permission of the organization.

c. An organization can protect itself using international intellectual property laws.

20. _____ responsibilities refer to a business's duty to make a profit and increase shareholder value. a. Ethical b. Judicial c. Economic d. Social

c. Economic

12. Identify the trade agreement that created a single market by a system of laws that apply in all member states, guaranteeing the freedom of movement of people, goods, services, and capital. a. North American Free Trade Agreement b. Economic Community of West African States c. European Union d. Central American Common Market

c. European Union

19. Which of the following is the best example of Hofstede's long- versus short-term orientation dimension? a. People in Erbia believed that competition, ambition, and accumulation of wealth are typical masculine qualities. b. The members of a particular society often prefer more rules and structure and are incapable to adapt to quick changes. c. In an organization, it was mandatory for managers to make decisions by giving more importance to the future than the present. d. The host country employees of an organization prefer to unquestionably abide by the rules of the top management.

c. In an organization, it was mandatory for managers to make decisions by giving more importance to the future than the present.

24. Which of the following is most likely to be a reason why CSR improves a firm's profit margins? a. CSR reduces negativity within an organization and improves employee productivity. b. Investment in CSR leads to an increase in stock prices due to increased liquidity. c. Investment in CSR is viewed positively by customers positively and they make purchases based on this. d. CSR increases the investment that a society is likely to make in an organization.

c. Investment in CSR is viewed positively by customers positively and they make purchases based on this.

13. Jim, a programing expert at CL Corp., creates a new software program. However, before he could reveal his program, he receives an attractive employment offer from a rival company. Jim resigns from CL Corp. and accepts the rival company's offer, and he mentions about the new software to them. In this scenario, Jim is a. engaging in a conflict of interest b. revealing a trade secret c. competing fairly in the open market d. violating employee privacy

: b. revealing a trade secret

8. The fourth largest regional trading group, MERCOSUR, comprises the countries of a. Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Venezuela. b. Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, and Qatar. c. Canada, Mexico, and United States. d. Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua.

:A. Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Venezuela.

12. The factor that distinguishes human relations movement from scientific management is that human relations movement a. focuses on how jobs could be designed to improve productivity. b. emphasized the importance of informal social relations at work. c. views the firm as a machine and the manager as a machine operator. d. shifted emphasis from the social side of the firm to the output of the firm.

:B. emphasized the importance of informal social relations at work.

18. The first step of stakeholder mapping process involves a. identifying specific subgroups within each stakeholder. b. mapping all of the stakeholder relationships with the firm. c. determining stakes for each stakeholder. d. mapping connections between various stakeholders.

:B. mapping all of the stakeholder relationships with the firm.

2. To remain competitive, companies a. shouldn't be proactive to its changing environment. b. should not try to influence the global business environment. c. can no longer sell exclusively in their domestic markets. d. should not make any attempts to expand globally.

:C. Can no longer sell exclusively in their domestic markets.

9. The factor that distinguishes leadership from management is that a. leadership focuses on planning and budgeting. b. leadership is the act of working with people to accomplish a desired goal. c. leadership involves budgeting, controlling and staffing resources. d. leadership is the ability to drive change through motivation.

:D. Leadership is the ability to drive change through motivation

25. With regard to managing uncertainty, high uncertainty requires a. less vigilance of contextual forces and less adaptation. b. stronger vigilance of contextual forces and less adaptation. c. less vigilance of contextual forces and more adaptation. d. stronger vigilance of contextual forces and more adaptation.

:D. stronger vigilance of contextual forces and more adaptation.

11. According to the contingent view a. organizations must be understood as systems of interdependent human beings. b. jobs must be designed to improve productivity using industrial engineering methods. c. coordination should take place through a strict hierarchy of authority. d. the organization's structure should fit the firm's environment.

:D. the organization's structure should fit the firm's environment.

10. Harry, a top manager of an organization, clearly differentiated the tasks and responsibilities of his employees. Moreover, he emphasized that top level executives should do the planning and the lower level executives should execute those plans. Identify the management technique used by Harry. a. Bureaucratic organization structure b. Human relations movement c. Scientific management d. Contingent view

A. Bureaucratic organization structure

24. Which of the following is a significant factor in building contextual intelligence? a. Developing appreciation and awareness of history b. Emphasizing the importance of informal social relations at work c. Converting raw materials into products to sell to customers d. Developing standardized rules and procedures

A. Developing appreciation and awareness of history

13. Which of the following statements best describes scientific management? a. It focuses on how jobs, work, and incentive schemes could be designed to improve productivity using industrial engineering methods. b. It involves a clear differentiation of tasks and responsibilities among individuals and coordination through a strict hierarchy of authority and decision rights. c. It holds the belief that organizations must be understood as systems of interdependent human beings who share a common interest in the survival and effective functioning of the firm. d. It is a view of the firm where effective organizational structure is based on fit or alignment between the organization and various aspects in its environment.

A. It focuses on how jobs, work, and incentive schemes could be designed to improve productivity using industrial engineering methods.

1. Which of the following statements is true about businesses and their leaders? a. Some leaders focus their efforts on lobbying to influence the government's role in business. b. Businesses and their leaders often operate in isolation. c. Business leaders are often reactive to their changing environment but not proactive in adapting their strategies accordingly. d. Successful business leaders usually do not try to influence the global business environment.

A. Some leaders focus their efforts on lobbying to influence the government's role in business.

16. _____ is a business framework that attempts to organize and analyze multiple groups that interact with the firm. a. Stakeholder view b. Contingent view c. Shareholder view d. Managerial view

A. Stakeholder view

1. "How does the competitive landscape shape the potential for success or failure?" Which of the following pillars of management addresses this question? a. Strategic positioning b. Organizational design and structure c. Individual leadership d. Shareholder value

A. Strategic positioning

22. The responsibility of James and Henry in an organization is to direct and oversee managers to ensure that the jobs are properly done. Both were elected by the shareholders of the organization to serve as an intermediate group. From this scenario it can be inferred that James and Henry are the _____ of the organization. a. employees b. board of directors c. institutional shareholders d. owners

B. Board of directors

2. Which of the following questions is addressed by the organizational perspective of management? a. How should a business compete? b. How will performance be measured? c. What strategy will allow a firm to adapt as the context evolves? d. How do managers use power and influence?

B. How will performance be measured?

6. Which of the following is the most important skill of a middle manager? a. Technical skills to earn credibility of his/her team b. Interpersonal skills such as motivating and developing teams c. Setting vision and objectives for the organization d. Conceptual skills for developing organization's strategy

B. Interpersonal skills such as motivating and developing teams

3. After hiring a consultant, a senior management team realized that the organizations's structure did not enable proper usage of its resources and the culture was not reinforcing employee performance. Which of the following pillars of management has the organization failed to consider? a. Strategic positioning b. Organizational design c. Individual leadership d. Organizational climate

B. Organizational design

5. Which of the following countries is one of the original members of ASEAN? a. Canada b. Philippines c. Guatemala d. Nigeria

B. Philippines

8. John is a top executive in an organization. He is involved in developing and improving the organization's strategy by working along with other senior executives. From this scenario, it can be inferred that John uses _____ of management. a. technical skills b. conceptual skills c. interpersonal skills d. behavioral skills

B. conceptual skills

3. _____ refers to the integration and interdependence of economic, technological, socio-cultural, and political systems across diverse geographic regions. a. Innovation b. Globalization c. Proliferation d. Competition

B. globalization

23. Which of the following best describes environmental scanning? a. Forecasting and scanning the likely result that might occur when several events and stakeholders are linked together b. A tool where key variables are monitored and modeled to help predict a change that might occur in the environment c. The ability to understand the impact of environmental factors on a firm and the ability to understand how to influence those same factors d. A tool that managers use to scan the business horizon for key events and trends that will affect the business in the future

D. A tool that managers use to scan the business horizon for key events and trends that will affect the business in the future

6. Which of the following trade agreements does Costa Rica belong to? a. North American Free Trade Agreement b. Gulf Cooperation Council c. European Union d. Central American Common Market

D. Central American Common Market

7. Which of the following is one of the primary goals of ASEAN? a. Eliminating tariffs among countries b. Easing travel of citizens and goods c. Creating a single financial market d. Ensuring peace and stability

D. Ensuring peace and stability

1. Which of the following best describes morality? a. It is defined as the tool used to measure the level of social integration present in society. b. It is the study of ethical values that are perceived in an organization. c. It is the study of moral standards and its effect on behavior and conduct. d. It is defined as the standards people use to judge what is right or wrong, good or evil.

D. It is defined as the standards people use to judge what is right or wrong, good or evil.

4. Identify the country that is represented by NAFTA. a. United Kingdom b. Zimbabwe c. Costa Rica d. Mexico

D. Mexico

21. Henry, a manager of an automobile company, wants to know about the influence of various environmental factors on his organization and its stakeholders. He needs an appropriate tool to carry out this function, which in turn will help him predict stakeholder response. Which of the following tools will best serve this purpose? a. Stakeholder mapping b. Scientific management c. Strategic positioning d. Trend analysis

D. Trend analysis

14. According to the _____ view of the firm, the job of top managers was to produce the highest possible stock market valuation of the firm's assets. a. managerial b. stakeholder c. contingent d. shareholder

D. shareholder

26. The interaction between the formulation of strategy, the design of the organization, and the leadership of the firm is a linear process.

F

27. Management is defined as the ability to drive change and innovation through inspiration and motivation.

F

28. The consensus principle meant that foreign firms would be subject to the same rules and regulations as a country's domestic firms.

F

29. The Uruguay Round is noteworthy because it created the successor to World Trade Organization.

F

30. Frontline supervisors in an organization tend to focus on tasks such as financial reporting, planning, recruiting of talent, and team development.

F

31. Kantianism is defined as the ethical philosophy claiming that behaviors are considered moral if they produce the greatest good, or utility, for the greatest number of people.

F

32. The socio-cultural dimension of a firm's environment includes interest rates of all the countries where it sells its products and services.

F

33. Managerial view is a business framework where the job of top managers is to produce the highest possible stock market valuation of the firm's assets.

F

33. Social values often pose a much lesser challenge than language barriers for a company wanting to expand globally.

F

34. In contrast to the dimensions of the task environment, the general environment has the ability to exert a greater influence over a firm.

F

35. Managers generally face lesser uncertainty when many contextual forces impact an industry and when these same forces are constantly changing.

F

26. Successful business leaders not only respond to changes in the global business environment but also try to influence it.

T

27. Globalization has presented challenges including emergence of new, powerful competitors in many industries.

T

11. A scientist receives a yearly grant from a pharmaceutical company that funds research on a new cancer drug. After conducting the research, the scientist learns that the new cancer drug is a less effective when compared to many other cancer drugs in the market. After the scientist shares this information with the company, they encourage him to "reanalyze the data" in order to find different results favorable to the pharmaceutical company. The company also suggests that if different results are not found they will withdraw all research funding from the scientist. Which of the following is the scientist facing? a. A conflict of interest b. A trade secret violation c. A privacy violation d. A Whistle-blowing allegation

a. A conflict of interest

2. Which of the following is a direct benefit derived from CSR? a. CSR enables a company to build its brand value. b. CSR is responsible for bringing foreign direct investment. c. CSR brings better productivity from the work force. d. CSR has a direct impact on debenture interest rate.

a. CSR enables a company to build its brand value.

7. Which of the following is true of virtue ethics? a. It claims that morality's primary function is to develop virtuous character. b. It claims that profitability is the fundamental virtue for every organization. c. It claims that an organization's morality is defined by its members. d. It claims that a virtuous organization is always a successful one.

a. It claims that morality's primary function is to develop virtuous character.

18. The members of a particular society in Rhodia often find it hard to adapt themselves to the changing situations. Therefore, they prefer to follow standard rules and procedures in an attempt to reduce the occurrences of any anxiety causing situations. Which of the following Hofstede's social dimensions is described in the above example? a. Uncertainty avoidance b. Long- versus short-term orientation c. Small versus large power distance d. Individualism versus collectivism

a. Uncertainty avoidance

13. Which of the following countries was admitted to MERCOSUR in 2012 and is likely to increase the importance of fuel trade both within and outside the region? a. Venezuela b. Argentina c. Paraguay d. Brazil

a. Venezuela

10. Of the three main principles of GATT, the most favored nation principle meant that a. a tariff rate granted to one member of GATT would be extended to all members. b. foreign firms would be subject to the same rules and regulations as a country's domestic firms. c. trade disputes would be settled by the unanimous agreement of all parties to the dispute. d. countries should specialize in producing goods for which they have the lowest opportunity cost of production. :

a. a tariff rate granted to one member of GATT would be extended to all members.

21. Commonly, firms tend to fulfill their legal responsibilities by a. anticipating future laws and avoiding civil litigation. b. investing heavily in CSR and fulfilling ethical responsibilities. c. creating a productive workforce and maintaining employment standards. d. striving to improve shareholder value. :

a. anticipating future laws and avoiding civil litigation.

29. Milton Friedman believed that a firm's exclusive duty is to a. maximize its profits within the law. b. implement CSR practices to be consumer friendly. c. implement CSR practices to maximize profits. d. use CSR to develop socialism :

a. maximize its profits within the law.

24. The factor that distinguishes owners from the board of directors is that

a. the owners serve as an intermediate group for shareholders. b. the owners maintain legal control of the organization. c. the owners are charged with overseeing the general direction of the firm. d. the owners are elected by the shareholders. : b. the owners maintain legal control of the organization.

25. Which of the following is an argument that supports the negative link between CSR and profit margins? a. CSR provides fixed profits but requires substantial increase in subsequent yearly investments. b. CSR creates a fixed long-term investment without any predictable long-term profits. c. CSR dilutes the company's image in society, which leads to reduced sales. d. Profits made from CSR investments are only distributed among the top-management of a firm.

b. CSR creates a fixed long-term investment without any predictable long-term profits.

8. _____ is a subset of justice that claims that rules should be clearly stated, consistently obeyed, and impartially enforced. a. Distributive justice b. Procedural justice c. Retributive justice d. Conditional justice

b. Procedural justice

15. Which of the following entities belongs to the general environment of an organization? a. Culture b. Technology c. Customers d. Employees

b. Technology

11. The _____ was formed to deal with the rules of trade between nations and is responsible for negotiating and implementing new trade agreements and policing member countries' adherence to them. a. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade b. World Trade Organization c. Association of South East Asian Nations d. European Union

b. World Trade Organization

14. A firm's task environment includes a. owners and the board of directors. b. competitors, suppliers, and customers. c. employees and culture. d. economic and socio-cultural factors. :

b. competitors, suppliers, and customers.

12. When employees or managers engage in activities on behalf of the company and they have a personal concern in the outcome of those activities, they are a. preventing distributive justice. b. engaging in a conflict of interest. c. engaging in fraudulent misrepresentation. d. confronting fiduciary behavior.

b. engaging in a conflict of interest.

26. Corporate social responsibility activities that are directly related to business activities so that they can combine social welfare with financial welfare are known as _____. a. accountable CSR b. strategic CSR c. inventive CSR d. ethical CSR

b. strategic CSR

20. The factor that distinguishes an internal environment of an organization from an external environment is that a. the internal environment consists of the general environment and the task environment. b. the internal environment includes owners, the board of directors, employees, and culture. c. the internal environment includes entities that directly affect a firm on a continuous basis. d. the internal environment consists of the technological, economic, and socio-cultural factors. :

b. the internal environment includes owners, the board of directors, employees, and culture.

17. A whistle-blower usually reports a problem with the firm because a. they believe the firm will lose profits. b. they believe it is their ethical duty to report the problem. c. the firm needs to be more socially responsible. d. they will receive extra compensation from the government. :

b. they believe it is their ethical duty to report the problem.

4. According to Kazuo Inamori, an employee in the first level of performancea. would neglect morality to gain economic benefits. b. would achieve results with a positive attitude. c. would fail to achieve any sustainable results. d. would enjoy successful results without positive efforts. :

b. would achieve results with a positive attitude.

9. Which of the following best describes distributive justice? a. It is a subset of justice that deals with treatment of people within a society, an institution, or a state. b. It is a subset of justice that deals with implementation of rules and regulations in and organization. c. It is a subset of justice that deals with the circulation of wealth among members of a society. d. It is a subset of justice claiming that rules should be clearly stated, consistently obeyed, and impartially enforced.

c. It is a subset of justice that deals with the circulation of wealth among members of a society.

17. Which of the following is a best example of Hofstede's small versus large power distance dimension? a. In an organization, it was mandatory for managers to make decisions by giving more importance to the future than the present. b. The members of a particular society often prefer more rules and structure and are incapable to adapt to quick changes. c. The host country employees of an organization prefer to unquestionably abide by the rules of the top management. d. People in Erbia believe that competition, ambition, and accumulation of wealth are typical masculine qualities.

c. The host country employees of an organization prefer to unquestionably abide by the rules of the top management.

22. A firm's ethical responsibilities are a. behaviors enforced on the firm. b. implemented to meet financial obligations. c. behaviors the general population expects. d. defined by the federal government. :

c. behaviors the general population expects.

19. A business's obligation to pursue policies, decisions, and actions that align with the objectives and values of culture is known as _____. a. cultural responsibility b. stakeholder responsibility c. corporate social responsibility d. economic responsibility

c. corporate social responsibility

15. Maynard Inc., a construction company, planned to set-up operations in a foreign country. However, due to bureaucracy problems and paperwork delays in the local government offices, the company was unable to begin operations. The company distributed gifts and holiday vouchers to officials present in the local offices in order to speed up the paperwork. In this scenario, Maynard Inc. is a. engaged in bid-rigging. b. engaged in whistle-blowing. c. engaged in bribery. d. engaged in moral discrimination. :

c. engaged in bribery.

18. Jake, a corporate accountant, works for a manufacturing firm. During an annual accounts review, he noticed that there were certain discrepancies in the accounts. He knew that the top management was involved in manipulation of accounts and reported this to the federal authorities. In this scenario, Jake is _____. a. engaged in bribery b. revealing trade secrets c. engaged in whistle-blowing d. engaged in bid-rigging

c. engaged in whistle-blowing

6. Someone who has been entrusted to make decisions on behalf of another party is called a ____. a. mentor b. principal c. fiduciary d. subordinate

c. fiduciary

27. Research shows that people are most likely to join or continue in an organization that promotes CSR because a. these companies aim to improve shareholder value and maximize economic gains. b. they consider themselves an integral part of the society. c. these organizations are generally perceived as attractive places to work. d. these organizations always offer a higher pay-scale than others. :

c. these organizations are generally perceived as attractive places to work.

30. Research supporting Milton Friedman's view on CSR suggests that CSR is detrimental to an organization. Which of the following arguments is most likely to support this theory? a. CSR is viewed negatively in many societies and this leads to reduction in sales. b. CSR reduces the brand value of an organization that leads to erosion of profits. c. CSR involves extensive legal expenses that are detrimental to profits. d. CSR leads to a substantial reduction in profits due rising investment in the long-run.

d. CSR leads to a substantial reduction in profits due rising investment in the long-run.

23. Which of the following statements is true about the dimensions of internal environment? a. Owners serve as an intermediate group for shareholders. b. Employees cannot directly impact a firm's competitive position. c. Legal control of an organization is maintained by the board of directors. d. Cultures at firms develop over a long period of time.

d. Cultures at firms develop over a long period of time.

16. Which of the following best defines whistle-blowing? a. It is the attempt to influence a bidding process by providing monetary or non-monetary benefits to officials engaged in the process. b. It is the attempt to gain an unfair advantage by providing monetary benefits to governmental officials. c. It is the release of trade secrets by a member of an organization to a rival organization engaged in the same business or trade. d. It is the release of information by a member of an organization that is evidence of illegal or immoral conduct to executives in a company.

d. It is the release of information by a member of an organization that is evidence of illegal or immoral conduct to executives in a company.

5. _____ is an ethical philosophy claiming that motives are the most important aspect in judging what is right or wrong. a. Utilitarianism b. Capitalism c. Moralism d. Kantianism

d. Kantianism

10. _____ justice helps countries set up rules through political legislation and enforce the rules fairly through court systems. a. Restorative b. Economic c. Distributive d. Procedural

d. Procedural

23. Which of the following is a feature of firms practicing corporate social responsiveness? a. They stick to a rigid organizational plan, irrespective of the conditions. b. They keep the needs of stakeholders in the back-burner and concentrate on social issues. c. They seek to influence employee behavior by controlling employee interaction inside the organization. d. They monitor and assess environmental conditions on a constant basis.

d. They monitor and assess environmental conditions on a constant basis.

28. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was passed in order to a. control pollution and protect the environment in the long-term. b. increase taxation levels for companies doing business abroad. c. eliminate the practice of bribery. d. control the manipulation of accounts by the top management in firms. :

d. control the manipulation of accounts by the top management in firms.

16. Sam, the top manager of TechPark, decides to expand his business globally and creates a new market in Erbia, a neighboring country. Eventually, the company faces issues related to unskilled labor and poor resource positions such as unreliable highway systems and improper communication networks. From this scenario it can be inferred that Sam failed to focus on the _____ dimension of the external environment affecting business. a. socio-cultural b. political c. legal d. economic

d. economic