mgmt309 ch 02
The _____________ studies were the first to show that workers create group norms that influence how productive they are.
Hawthorne
_____________ behavior refers to the idea that people in an organization will be more or less productive depending on a wide variety of factors.
Organizational
Theory _____________ refers to the idea that people in an organization will be productive only if managers control and coerce them.
X
A book which analyzes how labor shortages in the early 1900s led to the development of ways to improve workers' performance is a book about _____________.
History and Theory
Theory _____________ refers to the idea that people in an organization will be productive if they work under favorable conditions and are rewarded for reaching objectives.
Y
Why is it important for managers to study history? A) To learn how and why managers and organizations have succeeded, failed, or changed what they did over time B) To discover different ways to improve their company's performance and worker satisfaction C) To appear more educated and therefore have a better chance of getting promoted
A
Operations management uses _____________ to improve the efficiency of business operations.
Math
The Hawthorne studies determined that _____________ was much more important in the workplace than previously believed.
Human Behavior
The theory that focuses on managing the whole organization is known as _____________ management.
Administrative
Who among the following were the earliest to USE management? A) Ancient Egyptians and Sumerians B) Ancient Greeks and Romans C) Ancient Chinese D) Nineteenth-century industrialists and mathematicians
A
Which of the following is a downside of the widespread use of the quantitative management perspective? A) Managers who apply mathematical models in the workplace tend to treat workers as if they are machines. B) Managers may perceive numbers as objective facts, but the results of quantitative analysis are only as good as the underlying assumptions. C) Its theories about human behavior may lead managers to oversimplify their expectations of people.
B
Which of the following are examples of improvements developed by administrative management researchers? Check all that apply. A) Job design, specialization, and training B) Identifying the essential functions of managers C) Identifying the importance of how an organization is structured D) Production quotas
B, C
Which of the following are examples of the limitations of behavioral management? Check all that apply. A) It has not met with universal acceptance among managers. B) It is viewed skeptically by researchers. C) It does not predict individual behavior. D) It does not show how group norms created by workers affect productivity
A, C
Which of the following were key assumptions of the human relations movement? Check all that apply. A) Workers are more productive when allowed to manage themselves. B) If managers show concern for workers, employees will be more satisfied. C) More satisfied workers will perform better. D) If workers show concern for managers, labor-management relations will improve.
B, C
Who were among the first people to STUDY management? A) Ancient Egyptians and Sumerians B) Ancient Greeks and Romans C) Ancient Chinese D) Nineteenth-century industrialists and mathematicians
D
Why is it important for managers to study theory? A) To learn how and why managers and organizations have succeeded, failed, or changed what they did over time B) To appear more educated and therefore have a better chance of getting promoted C) To discover different ways to improve their company's performance and worker satisfaction
C
A book written about the companies which succeeded and failed during the Great Recession is a book about _____________.
History
The Hawthorne studies were a series of experiments that focused on_____________ in the workplace.
Human Behavior
An organization that interacts with its environment is an _____________ system.
Open
_____________ is when multiple subsystems work better because they are designed to work together.
Synergy
_____________ perspective believes that certain management practices are the best choice for all organizations.
Universal
Which of the following are examples of new challenges managers face today? Check all that apply. A) Giving employees more flexibility with when to take paid holidays, based on their religion B) Developing mathematical models to maximize the efficient allocation of company resources C) Designing an incentive pay system that takes into account workers' group norms about acceptable production levels D) Making business decisions based on experts' best guesses about whether a pandemic will affect a certain market
A, D
Which of the following are research findings that led to the rise of the human relations movement? Check all that apply. A) Workers become more productive if there is better lighting in the workplace. B) Workers become more productive if they receive special attention and sympathetic supervision from managers. C) Workers compete with each other to produce more and earn higher wages. D) Workers create group norms that dictate acceptable workplace behavior, including acceptable levels of productivity.
B, D
Which of the following are contributions of behavioral management researchers to today's practice of management? Check all that apply. A) Focusing managers' attention on the importance of organizational structures B) Challenging the idea that employees behave according to group norms they create themselves C) Challenging the idea that employees behave like cogs in a machine D) Focusing managers' attention on the importance of group dynamics in organizations
C, D
Which of the following are examples of improvements developed by scientific management researchers? Check all that apply. A) Identifying the essential functions of managers B) Identifying the importance of how an organization is structured C) Production quotas D) Job design, specialization, and training
C, D
The theory that focuses on improving the performance of individual workers is known as _____________ management.
Scientific