MGT 300 Exam 3 MCQ

At Monarch Toys, employees know that during the month of December they are generally required to work different schedules, often with some overtime, to support the holiday shopping season. This is an example of a(n) ______ change. A. adaptive B. reactive C. innovative D. incremental E. radically innovative

A. adaptive

Gen Yers are more likely than older workers to A. be very independent. B. desire financial rewards exclusively. C. appreciate a slower pace. D. want more guidance. E. be more patient in seeing the results of their work.

A. be very independent

Organizational ______ tries to explain and predict workplace behavior to help managers better lead and motivate others. A. behavior B. development C. culture D. strategy E. science

A. behavior

The statement, "I won't ask Eric to run that report again," reflects the ______ component of an attitude. A. behavioral B. decisional C. cognitive D. affective E. value

A. behavioral

Which of the following permits suits against employers for punitive damages in cases of intentional discrimination? A. Civil Rights Act B. Equal Pay Act C. Americans with Disabilities Act D. Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) E. Sarbanes-Oxley Act

A. civil rights act

The increasing diversity of the American workforce is an example of a(n) ______ change. A. demographic B. market C. social & political D. political E. economic

A. demographic

The ability to cope, empathize with others, and be self-motivated is called A. emotional intelligence. B. self-awareness. C. social awareness. D. self-efficacy. E. self-monitoring.

A. emotional intelligence

Lorenzo is frequently nervous, tense and worried, both at work and at home. He likely scores low on which of the Big Five personality dimensions? A. Emotional stability B. Conscientiousness C. Extroversion D. Openness to experience E. Self-monitoring

A. emotional stability

______ has been associated with success for managers and salespeople. A. Extroversion B. Agreeableness C. Openness to experience D. Emotional stability E. Conscientiousness

A. extroversion

The ______ occurs when we form an impression of an individual based on a single trait. A. halo effect B. self-fulfilling prophecy C. fundamental attribution error D. self-serving bias effect E. selective perception error

A. halo effect

Which of the following is NOT one of the primary uses of OD? A. Improving recruitment B. Adapting to a merger C. Managing conflict D. Revitalizing an organization E. Adapting to an acquisition

A. improving recruitment

A ______ describes the minimum qualifications a person must have to perform a job successfully. A. job specification B. realistic job preview C. job description D. job analysis E. performance appraisal

A. job specification

Sandra is conducting performance appraisals of members of her sales team. The report is quite simple; she compares each person's sales on a quarterly basis to the goal for that quarter. Sandra is using a(n) ______ system of appraisal. A. objective B. behavioral C. trait D. informal E. 360-degree

A. objective

Employee behaviors that exceed the work-role requirements for the job are known as A. organizational citizenship behaviors. B. the halo effect. C. counterproductive work behaviors. D. self-efficacy behaviors. E. proactive behaviors.

A. organizational citizenship behaviors

Maid to Clean is considering implementing a system that will pay the cleaning workers based on the number of completed residential jobs, coupled with satisfactory ratings on random inspections to insure quality. Managers believe that this will reduce labor costs. Maid to Clean is focusing on changing employee A. performance. B. skills. C. attitudes. D. management. E. structure.

A. performance

Complex, challenging, and autonomous jobs tend to enhance people's perceptions of their A. self-efficacy. B. increased anxiety. C. tolerance for pain. D. learned helplessness. E. self-esteem.

A. self-efficacy

Falcon Touring Bikes recently instituted cross-functional teams to develop new products. Team members are spread across the country. It is expensive and time-consuming for people to travel from their different locations to headquarters to meet. The company would benefit most from a change in ______ involving A. technology; teams meeting "virtually" through electronic media. B. structure; disbanding the teams and relying on individuals to develop products. C. culture; sending team members to conflict management courses. D. people; hiring new people in the organization at the headquarters location. E. strategy; dropping the strategy of developing new products.

A. technology; teams meeting "virtually' through electronic media

Passed in 1935, the ______ Act resulted in the National Labor Relations Board. A. Wagner B. Social Security C. Taft-Hartley D. Occupational Safety and Health E. Civil Rights

A. wagner

People with high ______ are responsive to social and interpersonal cues of others. A. self-esteem B. self-monitoring C. locus of control D. self-efficacy E. agreeableness

B self-monitoring

The reintroduction of a familiar practice within the same organization is called a(n) A. practical change. B. adaptive change. C. reactive change. D. innovative change. E. radically innovative change.

B. adaptive change

In which of the following situations would OD techniques be the most helpful? A. Increasing efficiency among employees in a firm B. Assisting employees in dealing with stressful situations C. Helping employees from two similar organizations work better together in a strategic alliance D. Facilitating discussion of ethical issues in preparing a company's code of ethics E. Working with the CEO to determine how to increase profitability

B. assisting employees in dealing with stressful situations

The three components of ______ are affective, cognitive, and behavioral. A. value assessment B. attitude C. job satisfaction D. personality E. stress

B. attitude

Organizational development is often put into practice by a A. catalytic consultant. B. change agent. C. behavioral consultant. D. transformative consultant. E. behavioral agent.

B. change agent

The extent to which people believe they control their own fate through their own efforts is called their A. tolerance for ambiguity. B. locus of control. C. emotional stability. D. self-efficacy. E. self-monitoring.

B. locus of control

The process of interpreting and understanding one's environment is called A. self-awareness. B. perception. C. cognition. D. self-monitoring. E. openness to experience.

B. perception

When Greg interviewed for a position as an entry-level structural engineer, he was asked to solve several engineering problems by hand. This is an example of a(n) A. ability test. B. performance test. C. aptitude test. D. personality test. E. capability test.

B. performance test

A person who is apt to take initiative and persevere to influence the environment is said to have a ______ personality. A. emotionally stable B. proactive C. extroverted D. emotionally intelligent E. self-efficacious

B. proactive

A technological innovation is generally a(n) ______ innovation. A. adaptive B. product C. reactive D. process E. industrial

B. product

When Javier became one of three final candidates for a managerial position with a large medical supply company, the director of the department scheduled a special meeting with him. There, the two talked about the stressful deadlines and heavy travel required of the position, as well as the great compensation and multiple perks. Javier appreciated that the director took time to conduct a A. behavioral-description interview. B. realistic job preview. C. unstructured interview. D. situational interview. E. performance appraisal.

B. realistic job preview

Tomiko, an HR manager, is designing a training class for those working on various cross-functional teams within her company. This class that is aimed at improving group decision making. What method of delivery should she choose? A. Lectures B. Role plays C. Workbooks D. Videotapes E. Computer-aided training

B. role plays

The extent to which people like or dislike themselves is called their A. emotional stability. B. self-esteem. C. locus of control. D. self-efficacy. E. self-monitoring.

B. self-esteem

A waiter expects a group of poorly dressed customers to be stingy tippers and gives them poor service, so he gets the result that he expects, a very small tip. This is an example of the A. halo effect. B. self-fulfilling prophecy. C. fundamental attribution bias. D. self-serving bias. E. selective perception error.

B. self-fulfilling prophecy

The ability to control your emotions and act with honesty and integrity in reliable and adaptable ways is known as A. self-awareness. B. self-management. C. social awareness. D. situational awareness. E. relationship management.

B. self-management

Laredo Insurance is about to install a new computer system that will change the way claims adjusters settle claims. Adjusters will be able to do the adjustment and issue the check right at the scene of the accident. Laredo most likely needs to focus on changing employee A. performance. B. skills. C. attitudes. D. management. E. perceptions.

B. skills

Yoga Productions is in the process of cross-training all of its entry-level employees to be able to take phone orders or answer customer questions, and to process orders in overflow situations. The company is changing its A. people. B. skills. C. technology. D. attitudes. E. structure.

B. skills

The type of interview that is most likely to cause managers problems because of its potential for bias and questionable legality is the A. realistic job preview. B. unstructured interview. C. performance interview. D. situational interview. E. behavioral description interview.

B. unstructured interview

A specialist at UPS that rides with couriers to learn about delivery times and potential problems is conducting a job A. posting. B. specification. C. analysis. D. description. E. rotation.

C. analysis

Which of the following is NOT a step in the perceptual process? A. Selective attention B. Retrieving from memory to make judgments and decisions C. Causal attribution D. Interpretation & evaluation E. Storing in memory

C. causal attribution

The ______ component of an attitude consists of the beliefs and knowledge one has about a situation. A. behavioral B. decisional C. cognitive D. affective E. value

C. cognitive

The statement, "Claudia is never willing to help out," reflects the ______ component of an attitude. A. behavioral B. decisional C. cognitive D. affective E. value

C. cognitive

After being referred by a friend, Shabina attended a job interview. She didn't feel it went well, but was surprised when her friend told her the boss didn't like that she had worn her hijab, a traditional headscarf, saying "our customers prefer working with Christians". This is an example of A. affirmative action. B. quid pro quo. C. discrimination. D. hostile work environment. E. favoritism.

C. discrimination

Kotter proposed which of the following for organizational change? A. A three stage model: unfreezing, changing, and refreezing B. Three types of innovation: adaptive, innovative, and radically innovative C. Eight steps for leading organizational change D. A three step model: diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation E. Ten reasons employees resist change

C. eight steps for leading organizational change

Which of the following is NOT a principal reason why an employee may be transferred? A. Employee's skills are needed in another part of the organization B. To retain employee interest and motivation by presenting a new challenge C. Employee is suspected of illegal behavior D. Employee has a personal differences with present boss E. To broaden employee experience

C. employee is suspected of illegal behavior

Adrienne really enjoys mingling at work functions, both to network for new contacts and simply to share stories with other interesting people. Adrienne probably scores high in A. emotional stability. B. conscientiousness. C. extroversion. D. agreeableness. E. openness to experience.

C. extroversion

Which piece of legislation first established the U.S. federal minimum wage? A. Wagner Act B. Social Security Act C. Fair Labor Standards Act D. Occupational Safety and Health Act E. Civil Rights Act

C. fair labor standards act

People with ______ exhibit less anxiety, greater motivation, and stronger expectations that effort leads to performance. A. high self-efficacy B. high self-monitoring C. internal locus of control D. high tolerance for ambiguity E. high self-esteem

C. internal locus of control

As employees' age increases, their A. job involvement decreases. B. absenteeism increases. C. job satisfaction increases. D. work motivation decreases. E. organizational commitment decreases.

C. job satisfaction increases

An innovative change involves ______ complexity, cost, and uncertainty. A. no B. minimum C. moderate D. high E. extreme

C. moderate

Miles impressed his boss by making lots of suggestions for department improvements and by putting in many weekend hours to do extra tasks to develop the new procedures. Miles is exhibiting A. self-efficacy. B. turnover. C. organizational citizenship behaviors. D. the halo effect. E. counterproductive work behaviors.

C. organizational citizenship behaviors

Wal-Mart's implementation of RFID, a type of technology that allows it to improve inventory tracking, is an example of a(n) ______ change. A. reactive B. incremental C. proactive D. responsive E. radical

C. proactive

The management department at a local university began posting all assignments and other class materials to a course management website instead of creating a packet for students to purchase each term. This is a(n) ______ innovation. A. practice B. product C. process D. adaptive E. reactive

C. process

Rodeo Drive Cosmetics recently introduced a new acai berry lip balm. Nikhil, director of new product development, has just reviewed the dismal results. It appears that Nikhil's team did adequate research on the product's acceptance by consumers prior to its introduction and is equally troubled. Nikhil should A. step down as director. B. fire and replace the team lead as an example to others. C. reward his team for their effort. D. ignore the product failure. E. demote the team leader.

C. reward his team for their effort

Belief in one's personal ability to do a task is called A. self-esteem. B. openness to experience. C. self-efficacy. D. locus of control. E. self-monitoring.

C. self-efficacy

Arizona Pottery is having a difficult time finding inexpensive labor, which it attributes to an unfriendly climate toward Hispanics since the passage of tough illegal immigration legislation in that state. This is an example of a(n) ______ change. A. market B. employee C. social and political D. technological E. economic

C. social and political

Smart Office Furnishings has had several incidents lately in which its drivers became lost when attempting deliveries. The drivers have no GPS or other access to computerized information and rely on the customers themselves for directions. Smart Office Furnishings probably needs to change its A. structure. B. people. C. technology. D. culture. E. strategy.

C. technology

The abstract ideals that guide a person's thinking and behavior across all situations are called A. ethics. B. culture. C. values. D. attitudes. E. perceptions.

C. values

Peter has a degenerative eye disease that is causing him to gradually lose his eyesight. When he asked his employer to purchase him a low vision computer for use at work, he was instead let go. This violates provisions of the A. Civil Rights Act, Title VII. B. Patient Protection & Affordable Care Act. C. Occupational Safety & Health Act (OSHA). D. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). E. Privacy Act.

D. Americans with disabilities act (ADA)

The statement, "I really don't like that Carlos came back from the meeting very upset," reflects the ______ component of an attitude. A. behavioral B. emotion C. cognitive D. affective E. value

D. affective

How should a manager use personality tests? A. Use graphology tests to infer personality B. Create personality profiles of the desirable employee for different jobs C. Experiment with various personality tests that appear on the Internet D. Assess testing for any possible adverse impact on hiring women and minorities E. Avoid them, as they are illegal

D. assess testing for any possible adverse impact on hiring women and minoritites

In an interview Gabe asked Danielle to tell him about a time when she was able to overcome some sort of adversity. Gabe is conducting a(n) A. realistic job preview. B. performance interview. C. situational interview. D. behavioral description interview. E. unstructured interview.

D. behavioral description interview

______ is a state of emotional, mental, and even physical exhaustion, expressed as listlessness, indifference, or frustration. A. Eustress B. Distress C. Role overload D. Burnout E. Breakdown

D. burnout

Which of the following is an example of a proactive change? A. Ciara's staff is unhappy about the long hours they have been working and several of them quit before Mary knows there is a problem. B. Ciara cannot get permission to hire another person until her group misses several deadlines. C. Ciara's group sent a product that was nearing its launch date back to the drawing board based on a competitor's superior new offering. D. Ciara explores improvements in bonus structures with her staff and begins to implement them prior to any serious discontent on the part of the staff. E. Ciara is constantly "putting out fires", responding to daily crises in her group.

D. ciara explores improvements in bonus structures with her staff and begins to implement them prior to any serious discontent on the part of the staff

Quinton has a difficult employee, Melissa, with whom he has been dealing for over a year. Despite repeated attempts to correct her workplace behavior, she has not improved. Which of the following is a good suggestion for handling this case? A. Fire Melissa if her poor performance continues for another year. B. Fire Melissa effective immediately, and have her escorted off the premises. C. Use Melissa's dismissal as an example to others to increase their productivity. D. Dismiss Melissa but offer her assistance in finding another job. E. Don't dismiss Melissa because she needs your sympathy.

D. dismiss Melissa but offer assistance in finding another job

A change that represents the introduction of a new practice to an organization but that is not new to the industry is called a(n) A. mimicry change. B. adaptive change. C. reactive change. D. innovative change. E. radically innovative change.

D. innovative change

The human resource department at The Book Source has just calculated the absenteeism rate for 2010, and it is 25% higher than it was in 2008 and 2009. Managers should A. wait until the end of 2011 and see what the rate is. B. begin a major job redesign effort. C. reduce employees' work hours. D. investigate whether employees have become dissatisfied with their jobs. E. institute strict disciplinary procedures for employees who are absent.

D. investigate whether employees have become dissatisfied with their jobs

Gabriella had been working as an executive assistant to the president for nearly twenty years, so when she retired no one had a good idea of all that her job entailed. Before she left, Laura sat with her for two weeks to observe her duties and ask her the details of all functions. Laura was performing a A. behavioral-description interview. B. performance appraisal. C. informal appraisal. D. job analysis. E. job rotation.

D. job anaylsis

Which of the following is NOT a leading reason that employees resist change? A. Individual predisposition toward change B. Climate of mistrust C. Fear of failure D. Lack of personal ethics E. Protection of others

D. lack of personal ethics

Employees are likely to see an adaptive change as A. highly threatening. B. moderately threatening. C. somewhat threatening. D. least threatening. E. totally unacceptable.

D. least threatening

In considering a promotion for a subordinate, a manager must ensure fairness and A. openness. B. permanence. C. profitability. D. nondiscrimination. E. safety.

D. nondiscrimination

Employees might feel they are being underpaid for what they do, even if pay and benefits are superior to the competition. Here, managers must change A. the tone of the debate. B. attitudes. C. tendencies toward greed. D. perceptions. E. the facts.

D. perceptions

A(n) ______ innovation is a change in the way a product or service is conceived, manufactured, or disseminated. A. procedural B. radical C. product D. process E. adaptive

D. process

Tony is a manager of several subordinates that seem to be low in self-efficacy. In an effort to improve this, he should A. let them learn new tasks independently. B. give them simplistic jobs. C. immediately create very challenging goals for them. D. provide guided experiences. E. avoid giving positive feedback.

D. provide guided experiences

Researchers working on hydrogen fuel cells hope that this could be a(n) ______ innovation, leading to a clean, renewable energy source, and reducing dependence on depleting fossil fuels with their adverse impact on the global environment. A. incremental B. product C. process D. radical E. disruptive

D. radical

Tori has been telling everyone in the sales department of her incredible skill as a salesperson, since she beat her goal this year by nearly 30%. But last year when she didn't even reach her goal, she said it was simply the economy. This is an example of the A. halo effect. B. self-fulfilling prophecy. C. fundamental attribution bias. D. self-serving bias. E. selective perception error.

D. self-serving bias

Which of the following is a trait of emotional intelligence? A. Situational awareness B. Self-sufficiency C. Self-monitoring D. Social awareness E. Self-efficacy

D. social awareness

Brad was hiring a new financial analyst, and he had several good candidates. He was leaning towards hiring Kai, a Japanese-American woman, since he thinks Asians are just better at math. Brad is exhibiting which distortion in perception? A. Racism. B. Selective perception. C. A fundamental attribution error. D. Stereotyping. E. The halo effect.

D. stereotyping

The invention of a machine to make plastic corks for wine bottles has severely affected companies that produce traditional cork. This is an example of a(n) ______ change. A. market B. social & political C. demographic D. technological E. economic

D. technological

Which of the following is NOT a way to encourage innovation? A. Creating a culture that celebrates failure. B. Supporting innovation with investments of time and money. C. Rewarding successful innovations. D. Withholding raises and promotions when innovation attempts don't work out. E. Hiring top scientists, despite expense.

D. withholding raises and promotions when innovation attempts don't work out

According to the Society for Human Resource Management, employees are more interested in ______ rather than just earning a paycheck. A. advancement opportunity B. recognition C. benefits D. work-life balance E. status

D. work life balance

Which of the following is the best statement of feedback? A. "You're always doing personal stuff at work." B. "That's the wrong way to print that document." C. "You are really unmotivated at work lately." D. "Your last report contained seven errors which I think you could improve." E. "You've got to figure out how to improve your relationship with Susie."

D. your last report contained seven error which i think you should improve

Lauren worked in a distribution warehouse for a power tool company. Throughout the building, there were posters and calendars of a sexually explicit nature, and they made Lauren very uncomfortable. This is A. a quid pro quo harassment. B. not of legal concern because none of the offensive materials are directed at Lauren. C. sexual discrimination. D. not of legal concern because Lauren is not suffering any economic injury. E. a hostile work environment.

E. a hostile work environment

Management at Perry Architecture wanted to raise the levels of minorities and women in its ranks. So, the company began an active recruitment program with a local university, and a special career development program as well. Perry has started a(n) ______ plan. A. reverse discrimination B. equality C. civil rights D. preferential treatment E. affirmative action

E. affirmative action

Which of the following is a good suggestion for managers when conducting interviews? A. Ask about the candidate's family to show personal interest. B. The resume should be used for selection of interview candidates only; ignore it thereafter. C. Do more than half of the talking to make sure you are sharing enough about the company and its culture. D. Ask questions spontaneously to get the most straightforward answers from the candidate. E. After the interview write a short report with a quantitative score of the candidate's qualifications.

E. after the interview write a short report with a quantitative score of the candidate's qualifications

If a manager knows one of her subordinates has low self-esteem and wishes to enhance it, she should A. provide frequent reminders about improving weaknesses. B. avoid delegating work to this subordinate. C. redesign the work so that it is routine and structured. D. avoid giving feedback. E. break larger projects into smaller tasks and projects.

E. break larger projects into smaller tasks and projects

The ______ Act established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. A. Equal Pay B. Wagner C. Social Security D. Occupational Safety and Health E. Civil Rights

E. civil rights

Ben, an OD consultant, is visiting Rainwater Supplements a year after he assisted them in making changes to their employee incentive plan. Now he is comparing sales and turnover data from the last three years to the current year. Ben is in the ______ stage of OD. A. refreezing B. intervention C. diagnosis D. adaptation E. evaluation

E. evaluation

Tracy, an HR manager, had a meeting with the director of operations to determine if the new training program appears to be effective in improving productivity on the shop floor. Tracy is performing which step of the training process? A. Assessment B. Objectives C. Selection D. Implementation E. Evaluation

E. evaluation

Non-managerial employees at Romero Manufacturing belong to a union. The union has come close to striking several times over the years and labor negotiations have recently been very tense. Romero likely needs to focus on changing A. values among potential customers. B. the likelihood that an acquisitions might occur. C. manufacturing processes and procedures. D. population variables. E. forces originating inside the organization.

E. forces originating inside the organization

Micky, a manager in a snowboard store, is changing the work schedule of his long-term employees for the annual fall sale, the shop's busiest time. He is using the same basic schedule as last year. Micky should expect that his employees will be A. terribly upset and quit. B. terribly upset but not quit. C. moderately upset and complain. D. moderately upset but not complain. E. hardly upset, or not upset at all.

E. hardly upset, or not upset at all

If an employee has been dismissed "for cause" this means that A. he has the right to get his position back in the future. B. he quit the job. C. the company is downsizing, and his job is permanently eliminated. D. he is being laid off. E. he is being fired for his job performance.

E. he is being fired for his job performance

Which of the following is NOT an inside force that is an indicator for an organization that change might be needed? A. High turnover B. Excessive conflict between managers and employees C. Job dissatisfaction D. High levels of stress among employees E. Increased competition

E. increased competition

Which of the following best describes the graph of stress (x-axis) versus performance (y-axis)? A. Line with a positive slope B. Line with a negative slope C. A horizontal line D. U-shaped curve E. Inverted u-shaped curve

E. inverted u-shaped curve

Placing information about job vacancies and qualifications in places where employees can see them such as on bulletin boards or the company's intranet is called A. job analysis. B. realistic job previewing. C. position advertising. D. recruiting. E. job posting.

E. job posting

Franco really doesn't like his new boss and is not happy with the new tasks he's been assigned and the long hours he's been working. Still, he really believes in what the company is trying to accomplish. Franco has A. poor job performance. B. low job involvement. C. low organizational commitment. D. poor job enrichment. E. low job satisfaction.

E. low job satisfaction

The stable psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person her identity are known as her A. character. B. values. C. attitudes. D. attributions. E. personality.

E. personality

Adam, an HR manager, was using reports from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and the U.S. Census Bureau for information about his industry's labor pool in his geographic area. Adam is planning to A. perform a job analysis. B. recruit from inside the organization. C. analyze human capital. D. develop an affirmative action program. E. recruit from outside the organization.

E. recruit from outside the organization

Which of the following is an example of a force for change originating outside the organization? A. Productivity issues B. Conflict management C. Structural reorganization D. Absenteeism E. Social pressures

E. social pressures

The type of appraisal that is most subject to validity problems due to evaluator bias is the ______ appraisal. A. behavioral B. 360-degree feedback C. objective D. results E. trait

E. trait

The set of techniques used for implementing planned change to make people and organizations more effective is called A. corporate transformation. B. TQM. C. revitalization. D. organizational development. E. incremental innovation.

d. organizational development

______ is the tension people feel when they are facing or enduring extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities and are uncertain about their ability to handle them effectively. A. Apprehension B. Role conflict C. Role overload D. Stress E. Anxiety

d. stress