MGT 3013 Chapter 2
__________ was concerned with managing the total organization and was pioneered by Fayol and Weber. A. Administrative management B. Operations management C. Management science D. Scientific management E. Contemporary management
A. Administrative management
Camille runs a consulting business that assists in the hiring process, using a team of psychologists to help companies to better understand their specific jobs and the type of employees that are best suited to fill them. Her business relies on the work of which behavioral theory pioneer? A. Hugo Munsterberg B. Douglas McGregor C. Mary Parker Follett D. Frederick Taylor E. Elton Mayo
A. Hugo Munsterberg
Who was known as "the father of industrial psychology"? A. Hugo Munsterberg B. Mary Parker Follett C. Max Weber D. Elton Mayo E. Frederick Taylor
A. Hugo Munsterberg
______ focuses on using mathematics to aid in problem solving and decision making. A. Management science B. Behavioral science C. TQM D. Scientific management E. Administrative management
A. Management science
______ focuses on managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively. A. Operations management B. Systems management C. Scientific management D. A learning organization E. Administrative management
A. Operations management
______ emphasized the scientific study of work methods to improve productivity of individual workers. A. Scientific management B. Quantitative science C. TQM D. Management science E. Administrative management
A. Scientific management
Which of the following is a discipline that is part of behavioral science? A. Sociology B. Physics C. Computer science D. Biology E. Law
A. Sociology
Classical, behavioral, and quantitative viewpoints about management are collectively referred to as the ________ perspective. A. historical B. scientific C. operations D. contemporary E. systems
A. historical
Which of the following viewpoints emphasized the importance of understanding human actions and of motivating employees toward achievement? A. Qualitative viewpoint B. Behavioral viewpoint C. Classical viewpoint D. Contingency viewpoint E. Management science viewpoint
B. Behavioral viewpoint
Of the following, which is one of the functions of management described by Fayol? A. Accommodating B. Coordinating C. Arbitrating D. Collaborating E. Tasking
B. Coordinating
The idea that the work process should be under the control of workers with the relevant knowledge, rather than that of managers, who should act as facilitators, was developed by A. Lillian Gilbreth. B. Mary Parker Follet. C. Max Weber. D. Hugo Munsterberg. E. Elton Mayo.
B. Mary Parker Follet.
The contemporary perspective includes which of the following viewpoints? A. Behavioral B. Systems C. Quantitative D. Classical E. Rational
B. Systems
Amanda was a tough manager and made it a regular practice to check up on her staff, looking for cheating on timesheets and people coming back late from lunch. Her employees were often dissatisfied with Amanda since she was a(n) ________ manager. A. operations B. Theory X C. soldiering D. Hawthorne E. administrative
B. Theory X
The essence of the classical viewpoint is that A. resources are limited. B. a rational approach can be used to boost productivity. C. people are self-interested. D. people will take on responsibility if it is offered to them. E. workers behave how you expect them to.
B. a rational approach can be used to boost productivity.
Behavioral science research suggests that ________ doesn't necessarily promote excellence, and actually can make people hostile. A. the Hawthorne effect B. competition C. soldiering D. industrial espionage E. integration
B. competition
Behavioral science relies on __________ for developing theories about human behavior that can help managers. A. rules of thumb B. scientific research C. intuition D. simulations E. trial and error
B. scientific research
Scientific and administrative management are part of the ________ viewpoint. A. behavioral B. contingency C. classical D. quantitative E. quality
C. classical
Melissa runs a residential-cleaning service and has noticed that some of her staff are much more efficient than others and can clean a house in about half the average time. She would like to reward these workers with a higher wage by implementing what would be known by Taylor as a(n) A. sliding scale system. B. incentivized wage system. C. differential rate system. D. productivity wage system. E. merit pay system.
C. differential rate system.
Among the recommendations of Mary Parker Follett was that A. motion studies should be made of every job. B. managers should design and control the work process. C. integration should occur in organizations when conflicts arise. D. a competitive environment is most conducive to productivity. E. everyone should understand their roles: managers as order-givers, and employees as order-takers.
C. integration should occur in organizations when conflicts arise.
The tools of ______ are useful for UPS and FedEx in deciding how many employees and aircraft should be scheduled during the month of December. A. scientific management B. soldiering C. management science D. the Hawthorne studies E. efficiency management
C. management science
Matt has developed a mathematical model for the film distribution company that employs him. The model will help in determining release dates and the desirable number of screens for new movies. This model is an application of A. scientific management. B. behavioral science. C. management science. D. contingency management. E. administrative management.
C. management science.
Which of the following was a positive feature of bureaucracy, according to Max Weber? A. Generalists in the workplace. B. A flat organization with little hierarchy of authority. C. Hiring and promotion based on social status. D. Clear division of labor. E. Flexible rules and procedures.
D. Clear division of labor.
________ management means translating principles based on best evidence into organizational practice, bringing rationality to the decision-making process. A. Total quality B. Operations C. Administrative D. Evidence-based E. Scientific
D. Evidence-based
Which of the following is not a part of Frederick Taylors's work in scientific management? A. Elimination of soldiering B. Motion studies C. Differential rate system D. Hierarchy of human needs E. Raising productivity
D. Hierarchy of human needs
Which of the following is one of the phases in the development of the behavioral viewpoint? A. Human resource management B. Operations management C. Operations research D. Human relations movement E. Administrative management
D. Human relations movement
Who proposed the hierarchy of human needs as a theory of motivation? A. McGregor B. Weber C. Munsterberg D. Maslow E. Mayo
D. Maslow
Which of the following is not one of the principles proposed by Fredrick Taylor to eliminate soldiering? A. Give workers the training and incentives to do the task properly. B. Carefully select workers with the right abilities for the task. C. Study each part of the task scientifically. D. Reward employees equally and consistently. E. Use scientific principles to plan the work methods.
D. Reward employees equally and consistently.
An optimistic view of workers that envisions them as capable of accepting responsibility and working in a self-directed manner is representative of A. hierarchy of accountability. B. hierarchy of needs. C. Theory X. D. Theory Y. E. self-fulfilling prophecy.
D. Theory Y.
The most significant flaw in the classical viewpoint is that it A. overemphasizes mathematical techniques. B. is impractical in the workplace. C. does not address productivity. D. discounts the importance of human needs. E. does not account for irrational behavior.
D. discounts the importance of human needs.
"True is better than new" is one of the truths of A. scientific management. B. the human relations movement. C. operations management. D. evidence-based management. E. management science.
D. evidence-based management.
Alyssa works for a large amusement park and is in charge of scheduling the sizable staff, including ride attendants, food service and janitorial employees, and character actors, in an effective manner. This work is typical of A. operations research. B. contingency planning. C. quality management. D. operations management. E. qualitative analysis.
D. operations management.
A good reason for studying theoretical perspectives of management is that it A. provides an understanding of the competitors' strengths. B. eliminates the need for in-depth analysis. C. correctly guides the writing of a mission statement. D. provides clues to the meaning of your managers' decisions. E. acts as an encyclopedia of solutions.
D. provides clues to the meaning of your managers' decisions.
Applying techniques like statistics and computer simulations to management are characteristic of the ______ viewpoint. A. classical B. behavioral C. managerial D. quantitative E. contingency
D. quantitative
McDonald's ability to deliver food quickly and inexpensively has its roots in which management theory? A. Management science viewpoint B. Behavioral viewpoint C. Mathematical viewpoint D. Systems viewpoint E. Classical viewpoint
E. Classical viewpoint
Fredrick Taylor and the Gilbreths were proponents of which of the following? A. Scientific management and administrative management, respectively B. Management science and human relations management, respectively C. Human relations D. Management science E. Scientific management
E. Scientific management
Which research, though flawed, drew attention to the idea that managers using good human relations could improve worker productivity? A. Maslow's hierarchy of human needs B. Operations research C. Theory Y D. Fayol's administrative management E. The Hawthorne studies
E. The Hawthorne studies
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth identified 17 basic units of ______, each of which they called a "therblig." A. time B. distance C. energy D. data E. motion
E. motion
Taylor called the tendency for people to deliberately work at less than full capacity A. loafing. B. underachieving. C. underperforming. D. therbliging. E. soldiering.
E. soldiering.
An information organization has three parts: creating and acquiring knowledge, transferring knowledge, and modifying behavior.
FALE
Administrative management is most concerned with the jobs of individuals
FALSE
An important source of information about quality in total quality management is competitors.
FALSE
As part of the scientific management viewpoint, Taylor suggested paying all employees doing the same job the same wage.
FALSE
Because of radical changes to modern business practice, theoretical perspectives of management provide a historical context but unfortunately do not enhance understanding of the present.
FALSE
Behavioral science research has shown that competition is superior to cooperation in promoting achievement and productivity.
FALSE
Douglas McGregor was one of the pioneers of early behaviorism.
FALSE
Evidence-based management means translating principles from promising new theories into organizational practice.
FALSE
Facilities management is concerned with work scheduling, productions planning, and optimal levels of inventory.
FALSE
Fast-food companies including McDonald's have used job specialization, and time and motion studies to increase productivity. This reflects the important contributions of the quantitative viewpoint of management.
FALSE
For a jewelry designer, gold and silver rings, earrings, and bracelets are considered system inputs.
FALSE
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were chief proponents of administrative management.
FALSE
In a closed system, an organization's outputs are recycled to become inputs.
FALSE
Jaclyn is a manager who keeps a tight rein on her staff since she thinks they would not work without supervision. She doubts their commitment to the company and even to their own development. She is a Theory Y manager.
FALSE
Motivating employees toward achievement is a focus of the classical viewpoint of management.
FALSE
One of the problems with the classical viewpoint is that its principles are too focused on human needs rather than on organizational ones.
FALSE
One reason for the success of the Tommy Hilfiger clothing brand in the 1990s was maintaining a closed system with respect to young consumers' feedback by conducting research in music clubs.
FALSE
Quality control focuses on the performance of workers, urging employees to strive for "zero defects."
FALSE
The Hawthorne studies have been criticized for poor design and a lack of empirical data to support the conclusions, so the findings cannot be applied to modern management.
FALSE
The behavioral science approach to management has its roots in techniques created for American and British military personnel and equipment in World War II.
FALSE
The central assumption in classical management is that people are self-interested.
FALSE
The classical viewpoint emphasized ways to manage work more independently.
FALSE
The contemporary perspective of management includes three viewpoints: systems, behavioral, and quantitative.
FALSE
The contingency viewpoint began to develop when managers discovered that a variety of different mathematical models can be applied for problem solving and decision making.
FALSE
The management theory that draws from the disciplines of psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economics is the management science approach.
FALSE
The total ability of a product or service to meet customer needs is known as functionality.
FALSE
The two branches of the classical viewpoint of management are rational and bureaucratic.
FALSE
Under the differential rate system proposed by Frederick Taylor, employees should be paid on the basis of seniority.
FALSE
A "therblig," a term coined by Frank Gilbreth, is a unit of motion in the workplace.
TRUE
A learning organization is one that actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself and is able to modify itself to reflect new knowledge.
TRUE
A set of interrelated parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose is called a system.
TRUE
Abraham Maslow and Douglas McGregor were theorists in the human relations movement.
TRUE
Abraham Maslow would say that some human needs must be satisfied before others.
TRUE
According to Harvard psychology professor Ellen Langer, one barrier to flexibility is mindlessness.
TRUE
Among Mary Parker Follett's most important contributions to management was her belief that conflicts within organization should be resolved to mutual satisfaction through a process called integration.
TRUE
Among the functions of a manager in a learning organization are generating and generalizing ideas with impact.
TRUE
Because the human relations movement was considered too simplistic for practical use, it has been superseded by the behavioral science approach to management.
TRUE
Bureaucracy, as conceptualized by Max Weber, was his ideal way to structure an organization.
TRUE
Continuous learning in an organization is more likely to occur in an open system than in a closed one.
TRUE
Deming and Juran were part of the quality-management movement.
TRUE
Feedback is one of the four parts of a system.
TRUE
Gary Hamel, cofounder of the Management Innovation Lab, believes than management innovation can be improved by identifying and sometimes challenging core beliefs that people have about an organization.
TRUE
Hugo Munsterberg suggested that psychologists could contribute to industry by studying jobs and determining which people are best suited to specific jobs.
TRUE
Max Weber felt that impersonality was a positive attribute of an organization that would lead to better performance.
TRUE
Motion studies were used to assess and improve efficiency as part of the classical viewpoint
TRUE
Netflix's business suffered when it failed to use an open system in its decision to introduce a large price increase while simultaneously splitting its DVD mail service from its streaming one.
TRUE
Oscar is a manager of a downtown hotel and is currently considering the pricing of rooms for the upcoming holiday season. He would be wise to use the mathematical tools of management science to help him with this decision.
TRUE
Over the years, Toyota has used a variety of operations management-based "lean management" techniques to sell its cars on the basis of superior quality.
TRUE
Part of evidence-based management is understanding the potential danger in conventional wisdom about management.
TRUE
Peter Drucker was the author of The Practice of Management and has been described as the creator and inventor of modern management.
TRUE
Peter was having a hard time concentrating on work on Friday afternoon. He had friends visiting for the weekend and he kept checking his phone and his Facebook page to solidify his plans. He certainly wasn't working as hard as he could have been, something that scientific management theorist Frederick Taylor would have called "soldiering."
TRUE
Proponents of evidence-based management would say there are few really new ideas
TRUE
Sales data would be considered feedback in a system.
TRUE
Shanice recently took a management job in the book publishing industry, which is undergoing dramatic change. She should study theoretical perspectives of management to help her predict some of the probable outcomes of this change and help her decide on potential strategy going forward.
TRUE
Studying theoretical perspectives of management can be a source of new ideas.
TRUE
Telecommunication company Cisco Systems abandoned its "management councils" experiment, which had replaced a traditional hierarchical structure, because the councils slowed decision making.
TRUE
The application to management of techniques such as statistics and computer simulations is known as quantitative management.
TRUE
The first person to identify the major functions of management was Henri Fayol.
TRUE
The idea that workers become more productive if they think that managers care about their welfare is called the "Hawthorne Effect."
TRUE
The manager following the contingency viewpoint would ask, "What management method is the best to use under these particular circumstances?"
TRUE
The practice of management is both an art and a science
TRUE
The quantitative viewpoint on management is part of the historical perspective.
TRUE
