MGT 475 MIDTERM 1-8
"I remain calm in pressure situations." This behavioral aspect corresponds to which OCEAN personality dimension? A. Openness to experience B. Neuroticism C. Extraversion D. Conscientiousness
B
A doctor learns that a patient has a highly contagious disease that poses a threat to the entire metropolitan area. However, the doctor is uncertain about sharing the information with city officials because of patient privacy concerns. Which ethical dilemma does the doctor most likely face? A. Truth versus loyalty B. Individual versus community C. Short-term versus long-term D. Justice versus mercy
B
A leader who has developed close interpersonal relationships with followers generally uses _____ power to influence them. A. legitimate B. referent C. coercive D. reward
B
According to Goleman, self-control, trustworthiness, conscientiousness, adaptability, and innovation correspond to: A. self-awareness. B. self-regulation. C. motivation. D. empathy.
B
According to the OCEAN model, individuals who appear to be socially clueless, insensitive, pessimistic, and grumpy may be low in: A. leadership competence. B. agreeableness. C. neuroticism. D. charisma.
B
An authentic leader will most likely: A. manage impressions and actions. B. have a realistic self-perception. C. exaggerate strong emotions. D. foster in-group exclusivity.
B
Building social capital: A. involves helping a community decide what needs to be done. B. refers to developing relationships that allow people to work together. C. involves motivating followers to accomplish short-term and long-term goals. D. refers to helping a group determine how something needs to be accomplished.
B
Crediting your own successes to dispositional factors and others' successes to factors in the environment are aspects of: A. single-loop learning. B. fundamental attribution error. C. self-fulfilling prophecy. D. double-loop learning.
B
During the third month, leaders of large teams should have separate second meeting with direct reports that are held off-site. Which of the following is NOT one of the key issues that should be discussed with the direct reports during these meetings? A. Creating a team scorecard B. Identifying personal career goals C. Establishing an operating rhythm D. Establishing task forces to work on key change initiatives
B
Followers are more likely to use _____ power to change their leader's behavior if they have a relatively high amount of referent power with their fellow co-workers. A. reward B. coercive C. legitimate D. expert
B
In general, members of the Veteran generation: A. lack a sense of accountability. B. grew up during World War II. C. question establishment values. D. have little respect for leaders.
B
In the informal coaching process, a leader is most likely to help a follower to grow skills by: A. reviewing a 360-degree feedback. B. creating a coaching plan. C. identifying long-term career goals. D. conducting a personality assessment.
B
Leadership studies programs at the university-level: A. typically offer academic credit in the form of academic minors. B. are increasingly popular at many liberal-arts institutions. C. are typically curriculum-based at public and private institutions. D. should focus primarily on a single field of discipline, such as management.
B
People typically use hard tactics when: A. they are at a significant disadvantage. B. an influencer has the upper hand. C. they do not expect resistance. D. the parties share power.
B
Technical competence is especially important for first-line supervisors because they: A. need to stimulate followers to engage in 10 percent stretching. B. spend a great amount of time training their followers. C. are frequently promoted to executive positions. D. are required to provide 360-degree feedback.
B
The leadership dimensions that were identified by the Ohio State studies are: A. concern and initiating communication. B. consideration and initiating structure. C. goal emphasis and interaction support. D. work facilitation and assertiveness.
B
The two dimensions of the Leadership Grid are: A. communication skills and cognitive skills. B. concern for people and concern for production. C. leader support and interaction facilitation. D. introversion-extroversion and thinking-perceiving.
B
Values are most likely: A. shared by all human beings. B. learned through socialization. C. based on principles of law. D. demonstrated by empathy.
B
What characteristic is most likely associated with people who have higher levels of analytic intelligence? A. Providing novel, useful solutions B. Learning quickly C. Communicating clearly D. Knowing how to accomplish tasks
B
When students respond positively to requests from teachers who are well-liked and respected, it can be inferred that the teachers have: A. expert power. B. referent power. C. legitimate power. D. coercive power.
B
Which of the following best describes attribution of blame? A. Using cosmetic words to defuse the offensiveness of distasteful behavior B. Justifying immoral behavior by claiming it was caused by someone else's actions C. Avoiding self-contempt for personal behavior by comparing it to the more heinous actions of others D. Minimizing the harm caused by immoral actions by blaming the behavior on low societal standards
B
Which of the following best describes ethics? A. Appreciation of laws B. Principles of right conduct C. Sense of organizational purpose D. Modes of intrapersonal behavior
B
Which of the following involves confronting your beliefs, inviting others to challenge you, and working on personal blind spots? A. Fundamental attribution B. Double-loop learning C. Self-fulfilling prophecy D. Single-loop learning
B
Which of the following is NOT a type of intelligence identified in the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence? A. Practical intelligence B. Strategic Intelligence C. Analytic intelligence D. Creative intelligence
B
Which of the following is NOT one of the seven specific steps for creating high-impact development plans? A. Reflecting on your learning and progress with a partner B. Scheduling regular meetings with your superior C. Developing criteria for your success D. Participating in stretch assignments
B
Which of the following is the LEAST likely way to increase assertiveness? A. Using first-person pronouns when speaking B. Learning to say "yes" to others more often C. Having self-talk that is positive and affirming D. Being persistent when seeking objectives
B
Which of the following is the LEAST likely way to learn from your leadership experience? A. Keeping a journal of daily leadership events B. Holding regular staff meetings C. Having a developmental plan D. Taking risks
B
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events according to the systems view of communication? A. Intention, reception, expression, feedback, interpretation, new intentions. B. Intention, expression, reception, interpretation, feedback, new intentions. C. New intentions, reception, expression, intention, interpretation, feedback. D. Expression, new intention, feedback, interpretation, reception, intention.
B
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events that take place in stress management according to the A-B-C model? A. Triggering event; feelings and behaviors B. Triggering event; your thinking; feelings and behaviors C. Triggering event; feelings and behaviors; your thinking D. Triggering event; self-talk; group brainstorming for a solution
B
Which of the following is the most important step in conducting a meeting? A. Listing the objectives B. Determining if it is necessary C. Developing a plan for attaining goals D. Making it convenient for all participants
B
Which of the following statements about defensiveness is most likely FALSE? A. Defensiveness tends to occur when someone feels threatened. B. Defensiveness is an unnatural reaction when someone is criticized. C. Defensiveness lessens a person's ability to use information constructively. D. Putting yourself in someone else's shoes lessens your level of defensiveness.
B
Which of the following statements about the rational and emotional aspects of leadership is most likely false? A. Leaders use rational techniques and/or emotional appeals to influence followers. B. Effective leadership involves actions based exclusively on reason and logic. C. Aroused feelings can be used by leaders either positively or negatively. D. Good leadership involves touching others' feelings.
B
Which of the following statements concerning 360-degree feedback systems is most likely FALSE? A. 360-degree feedback tools are data based and provide good development feedback. B. Most 360-degree feedback systems are designed to make comparisons between people. C. Research shows that firms with 360-degree feedback systems had a drop in shareholder value. D. 360-degree feedback provides insight into self-perceptions and others' perceptions of leadership skills.
B
Which of the following statements concerning intelligence is most likely true? A. Most research shows that leaders possess higher levels of creative intelligence than the general population. B. Most research shows that leaders possess higher levels of analytic intelligence than the general population. C. Most research shows that leaders possess higher levels of practical intelligence than the general population. D. Most research shows that creative, analytic, and practical intelligence are not interrelated.
B
Which of the following statements concerning power and influence is most likely FALSE? A. Effective leaders typically take advantage of all their sources of power. B. Leaders in well-functioning firms are rarely influenced by their subordinates. C. Leaders vary in the extent to which they share power with subordinates. D. Effective leaders generally work to increase their various power bases.
B
Which of the following statements is most likely accurate concerning the thinking-feeling dimension of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) test? A. Feeling leaders tend to be curious, spontaneous, and flexible. B. Thinking leaders like to analyze, criticize, and approach decisions impersonally and objectively. C. Thinking leaders tend to get nervous before decisions are made and want to see only minimal data before making decisions. D. Feeling leaders dislike agendas, do not mind going off on tangents, and will revisit earlier decisions if new information arises.
B
Which of the following would be best for managing stress? A. Trying to breathe in a shallow manner B. Using progressive muscle relaxation techniques C. Consuming regular amounts of alcohol with peers D. Avoiding discussions about work with family members
B
Which of the following would be the best way to establish and maintain good peer relationships? A. Adopt the norms of the group B. Recognize common interests and goals C. Practice a Theory Z attitude to gain perspective D. Take control of problems they are unable to solve
B
Which statement about perceptual sets is most likely FALSE? A. Perceptual sets can influence any of our senses. B. Perceptual sets are the tendency to perceive everything. C. Feelings and needs can trigger a perceptual set. D. Prior experiences can cause a perceptual set.
B
Which statement is most likely true about followers and superiors having effective working relationships? A. Followers accomplish less work when they have friendly relationships with superiors. B. Superiors and followers with good relationships tend to experience less conflict. C. Followers who have good relationships with superiors advance quickly in their careers. D. Superiors give fewer performance appraisals to followers with whom they have good relationships.
B
Which term refers to how much a leader is friendly and supportive toward subordinates? A. Goal emphasis B. Consideration C. Initiating structure D. Work facilitation
B
Which term refers to the generation of workers born after 1982? A. Gen Xers B. Millennials C. Baby Boomers D. Veterans
B
_____ involves reinterpreting otherwise immoral behavior in terms of a higher purpose. A. Advantageous comparison B. Moral justification C. Displacement of responsibility D. Euphemistic labeling
B
_____ is an effort to attain objectives by attacking or hurting others. A. Acquiescence B. Aggression C. Autonomy D. Assertiveness
B
n leaderless group discussions, facilitators and observers rate participants and provide feedback about _____ skills. A. supervisory B. interpersonal C. planning D. time management
B
27. (p. 8) Which term is most often associated with the word "management"? A. Dynamism B. Risk-taking C. Efficiency D. Creativity
C
30. (p. 8) Which statement about leaders and managers is most likely false? A. Leaders imitate, but managers originate. B. Leaders focus on risk taking; managers focus on planning. C. Leaders accept the status quo; managers challenge it. D. Leaders develop, but managers maintain.
C
A judge who gives a convicted prisoner a suspended sentence but tells him to consider the suspension a "sword hanging over your head" if he breaks the law again is using: A. legitimizing tactics. B. coalition tactics. C. pressure tactics. D. rational persuasion.
C
A leader in the first quadrant of the credibility matrix has a _____ of trust and a _____ of expertise. A. low level; low level B. low level; high level C. high level; high level D. high level; low level
C
A police officer giving a speeding ticket to a driver is most likely using: A. referent power. B. reward power. C. coercive power. D. expert power.
C
A situation in which one's expectations or predictions help determine the very results predicted is referred to as: A. attribution. B. double-loop learning. C. self-fulfilling prophecy. D. fundamental attribution error.
C
According to the new leader onboarding roadmap, within the first two weeks, leaders should: A. obtain external perspectives. B. establish organizational culture. C. meet all team members. D. complete a sub-team analysis.
C
All of the following are guidelines for effectively managing stress EXCEPT: A. getting an adequate amount of sleep. B. developing supportive relationships. C. avoiding exercise late in the day. D. learning how to relax.
C
All of the following are ways leaders can improve communication skills EXCEPT: A. knowing the purpose of the message. B. choosing an appropriate medium. C. using constructive sarcasm. D. sending clear signals.
C
Behaviors concerned with motivating subordinates to accomplish the task at hand are called _____ behaviors. A. interaction facilitation B. work facilitation C. goal emphasis D. leader support
C
By discouraging cross-functional collaboration, leaders can most likely guarantee that followers will: A. focus on only short-term outcomes. B. request additional time to complete projects. C. only offer up tried and true solutions to problems. D. respond to reward power more than coercive power.
C
Community leaders are most likely to: A. have significant positional power. B. go through formal selection processes. C. have fewer resources than most leaders. D. use coercive power to discipline followers.
C
During the first two weeks on the job, a new leader should schedule one-on-one meetings with peers. Which of the following issues should most likely be discussed with peers? A. Their objectives and challenges B. The best ways to communicate with shareholders C. How issues are raised and decisions made on their boss's team D. Their opinions about former employees and leaders of the organization
C
In general, researchers have reported that subordinates are more satisfied when leaders: A. monitor performance results. B. set clear and challenging goals. C. exhibit a high level of consideration. D. explain what followers are expected to do.
C
In terms of the Leadership Grid, leaders scoring 1,9 show: A. low concern for people and high concern for production. B. high concern for people and production. C. high concern for people and low concern for production. D. low concern for people and production.
C
Influence is best defined as the: A. potential to manipulate others. B. capacity to produce effects on others. C. degree of actual change in a target agent's values. D. status differential between members of a group.
C
Leaders lower in neuroticism tend to: A. take mistakes as personal affronts. B. lose their temper when stressed. C. hide their emotions. D. become tense.
C
Leaders who are new college hires most likely fall into which of the following quadrants of the credibility matrix? A. First B. Second C. Third D. Fourth
C
Leaders who pull people together on the basis of shared beliefs and a common sense of organizational purpose and belonging are most likely exhibiting: A. consistency. B. empathy. C. vision. D. integrity.
C
Leadership development is enhanced when experience involves the three processes of: A. stopping, looking, and listening. B. perception, attribution, and learning. C. action, observation, and reflection. D. action, behavior, and consequence.
C
Many aspects of office arrangements can affect a leader's or follower's power. Which of the following statements is true in relation to this statement? A. Specific seating arrangements at circular tables do not affect participants' interactions. B. Rectangular tables facilitate communication. C. Individuals sitting at the ends of rectangular tables often wield more power. D. Rectangular tables minimize status differentials.
C
New leaders have two critical tasks the first day on the job: to meet their new boss and new team. Which of the following topics should LEAST likely be discussed with the new boss? A. Your plans for the day and upcoming weeks B. Team objectives, metrics, and important projects C. Your assessment of the team's strengths and weaknesses D. Schedules for meetings and preferred communication styles
C
Terrorists may call themselves "freedom fighters," and firing someone may be referred to as "letting him go." These are both examples of: A. moral justification. B. diffusion of responsibility. C. Euphemistic labeling. D. advantageous comparison.
C
The process by which an older and more experienced person helps to socialize and encourage younger organizational colleagues is called: A. evaluating. B. consulting. C. mentoring. D. networking.
C
Using the example of starting a new exercise program, which of the following would be a restraining force in a force field analysis? A. Dissatisfaction with appearance B. Coworkers entering a 10K run C. No regular exercise partner D. Concern for health
C
What best describes the leader-follower relationship? A. The relationship is a one-way street. B. Leadership and followership are the same thing. C. Leadership and followership merge and are linked concepts. D. The relationship is based on the idea of "one-man leadership."
C
What is most likely an outcome of regularly practicing a 10 percent stretch? A. Strengthening of essential technical skills B. Engaging in more effective two-way communication C. Decreasing apprehensions about trying new activities D. Providing encouragement to followers who are struggling
C
Which of the following involves participants being given a limited amount of time to prioritize and respond to a number of notes, phone messages, and letters? A. Virtual simulations B. Role playing C. In-basket exercises D. Case studies
C
Which of the following is NOT a source for 360-degree feedback? A. Peers B. Self C. Customers D. Direct reports
C
Which of the following is an intrinsic reward? A. Compensation B. Praise C. Personal growth D. Time off
C
Which of the following is occurring when agents ask targets to participate in planning an activity? A. Rational persuasion B. Ingratiation C. Consultation D. Personal appeal
C
Which of the following is true of the leadership definitions? A. The field is too complex to attempt to define. B. The first step requires resolving the differences in definitions. C. Various definitions illustrate that many factors affect leadership. D. Only Bennis's definition is comprehensive enough for leadership research.
C
Which of the following statements is most likely true about active listening? A. An active listener will generally be thinking about the next thing to say. B. Active listeners usually disrupt the sender's message with questions and comments. C. Active listeners put the sender's message into their own words to improve understanding. D. Effective leaders are naturally good at active listening, which is a skill that cannot be developed.
C
Which of the following would most likely result from too much stress? A. Low employee turnover B. Inadequate communication C. Reduced job performance D. Increased level of passive listening
C
Which statement about 360-degree feedback systems is most likely true? A. Most firms use 360-degree feedback as a development tool rather than for performance appraisal purposes. B. Few global firms use 360-degree feedback because of its mixed development results. C. 360-degree feedback should be built around an organization's competency model. D. Research shows that 360-degree feedback ratings change significantly over time.
C
Which statement about in-groups and out-groups is most likely correct? A. Leaders influence out-group followers more than in-group followers. B. Out-group members experience strong, mutual trust with a leader. C. In-group members are loyal and committed to a leader. D. Out-groups and in-groups rely on formal authority.
C
_____ describe leadership situations and are used as vehicles for leadership discussions. A. In-basket exercises B. Simulations C. Case studies D. Games
C
_____ is exercised in the service of higher goals to others or organizations and often involves self-sacrifice toward those ends. A. Democracy B. Personalized power C. Socialized power D. Management motivation
C
_____ use a graphic approach to systematically represent the root causes of a problem, the relationships between different causes, and sometimes a prioritization of which causes are most important. A. Cause analysis approaches B. Force field analysis C. Cause-and-effect diagrams D. Root-cause diagrams
C
28. (p. 54) Which term refers to a kind of learning between the individual and the environment in which learners seek relatively little feedback that may significantly confront their fundamental ideas or actions? A. Deutero-learning B. Double-loop learning C. Action learning D. Single-loop learning
D
29. (p. 154) Which generation of workers tends to be technologically savvy, independent, and skeptical of institutions and hierarchy? A. Millennials B. Veterans C. Baby Boomers D. Gen Xers
D
A leader who has extensive knowledge and experience in leading a pharmaceutical research team may feel uncomfortable and unprepared when asked to lead a major fund-raising effort for a charitable institution. This example illustrates that practical intelligence is most likely: A. concerned with knowledge and experience. B. the ability to produce work that is novel. C. the ability to learn new information. D. domain specific.
D
A leader who takes action to maintain ethical standards in the face of questionable moral behaviors by superiors is most likely exhibiting: A. compelling vision. B. charismatic leadership. C. servant leadership behavior. D. upward ethical leadership.
D
A politician's advisor explains how demographic changes in the politician's district make it important for the politician to spend more time in the district seeing constituents than she has in the past. This is an example of: A. ingratiation. B. an inspirational appeal. C. a consultation. D. a rational persuasion.
D
According to Reuvan Bar-On, reality testing, flexibility, and problem-solving relate to: A. general mood. B. stress management. C. interpersonal relationships. D. Adaptability.
D
Adequate organization performance is possible through balancing the necessity to get work out while maintaining morale of people at a satisfactory level. In the context of the Leadership Grid, what leadership orientation does this statement signify? A. Team management B. Country Club management C. Impoverished management D. Middle-of-the-road management
D
All of the following are accepted among the major definitions of emotional intelligence EXCEPT: A. a set of 15 abilities necessary to cope with daily situations and get along in the world. B. persistence in the face of frustration, mood management, and the ability to empathize and get along with others. C. a group of mental abilities that help people recognize their own feelings and those of others. D. the ability to react to stressful situations and adapt appropriately to obtain positive, long-term outcomes.
D
During the first two weeks new leaders will want to have one-on-one meetings with their direct reports. Which of the following is a topic that should LEAST likely be discussed in those meetings? A. What can the team do better? B. What can the new leader do to help team members? C. Who are the "stars" a level down in the organization? D. What do team members like to do during their free time?
D
Ends-based thinking is best characterized as: A. "Doing what you want others to do to you." B. "Following the highest principle or duty." C. "Doing what is best to get my desired end results." D. "Doing what's best for the greatest number of people."
D
In a complex situation, what is the leader's most important role? A. Adhere to standard practices and policies. B. Minimize changes to patterns and structures. C. Ensure that proper procedures are being followed. D. Increase levels of interaction and communication.
D
Mobilization is best defined as: A. allowing individuals to make personal choices about what they can achieve. B. maintaining relationships that allow people to work together despite their differences. C. helping a group define its opportunities and issues in ways that result in effective action. D. engaging a critical mass to take action for the purpose of achieving a specific outcome.
D
People who are observing an action are much more likely than the actor to make the fundamental attribution error. This is called: A. stereotyping. B. self-serving bias. C. ultimate attribution error. D. actor/observer difference.
D
Rational tactics are most likely used by a person when: A. he or she is at a disadvantage. B. an influencer has the upper hand. C. another person's behavior violates important norms. D. the benefits are organizational as well as personal.
D
Schein's classic study of sex roles: A. evidenced the fact that being a woman and being a manager are a contradiction in terms. B. found a high correlation between the ways both male and female respondents perceived "female" and "manager." C. demonstrated how bias in sex role stereotypes created problems for women moving up through managerial roles. D. found no correlation between the ways the respondents perceived "males" and "managers."
D
The ability to control others through the fear of punishment or the loss of valued outcomes is known as: A. expert power. B. reward power. C. legitimate power. D. coercive power.
D
The ability to produce work that is both novel and useful is called: A. practical intelligence. B. social intelligence. C. analytic intelligence. D. creative intelligence.
D
The degree to which someone tells others something and ensures that they understand what was said is called: A. active communication. B. expression effectiveness. C. the intention component. D. communication effectiveness.
D
Theory Y reflects a view that most people: A. are followers instead of leaders. B. are moral and ethical in the workplace. C. need to be coerced to work productively. D. are intrinsically motivated by their work.
D
What are the four qualities of leadership that engender trust according to Bennis and Goldsmith? A. Values, loyalty, consistency, and integrity B. Honesty, values, loyalty, and creativity C. Creativity, honesty, consistency, and vision D. Vision, empathy, consistency, and integrity
D
What is Hollander's approach to leadership called? A. Participative B. Transformational C. Charismatic D. Transactional
D
What is a frequent lesson learned by both men and women from their career experiences? A. Recognizing and seizing opportunities B. Understanding personal limits C. Persevering through adversity D. Handling political situations
D
What is most likely a benefit of keeping a journal? A. Providing information for key followers B. Quantifying important strategic decisions C. Considering actions in a subjective way D. Documenting ideas for future speeches
D
What is most likely an advantage of role playing in leadership development programs? A. Provides individualized feedback to students through leadership behavior ratings B. Analyzes the challenges commonly faced in the work environment C. Establishes a useful vehicle for leadership discussions D. Provides greater transferability to the workplace
D
What is the main criticism of servant leadership? A. Motivating through coercion is unethical. B. It is derived from a bureaucratic view of organizations. C. Too much emphasis is placed on listening effectively to workers. D. Serving employees conflicts with the realistic goals of organizations.
D
Which of the following best defines leadership? A. Actions which focus resources to create desirable opportunities B. The process by which an agent induces a subordinate to behave in a desired manner C. Directing and coordinating the work of group members D. The process of influencing an organized group toward accomplishing its goals
D
Which of the following refers to one person's actual behaviors designed to change another person's attitudes, beliefs, values, or behaviors? A. Power B. Influence C. Authority D. Influence tactics
D
Which of the following statement about leadership is most likely true? A. Innate factors influence leadership skills more than formative experiences. B. Research indicates that leadership skills are primarily acquired and rarely innate. C. Individuals should be categorized, when they are young, as either leaders or non-leaders. D. Natural characteristics or talents can offer certain leadership advantages or disadvantages.
D
Which of the following statements about GAPS analysis is most likely true? A. There are a total of six steps in a GAPS analysis. B. The first step in GAPS analysis addresses the standards the organization has for your career objectives. C. The second step in a GAPS analysis identifies where you want to go with your career over the next year or so. D. The perceptions component of a GAPS analysis concerns how your abilities, skills, and behaviors affect others.
D
Which of the following statements about common sense is most likely true? A. Effective leadership requires little more than common sense. B. Studies show that female leaders have more common sense than male leaders. C. Acquiring common sense requires being both an active and a passive follower. D. A challenge of leadership is to know when common sense applies and when it does not.
D
Which of the following statements is most likely true of intelligence? A. Intelligence testing in the U.S. has taken place since our country was formed. B. Research shows that neither environmental factors nor heredity affect intelligence. C. The first formal linkage between intelligence and leadership occurred in the early 1900s. D. Intelligence and intelligence testing are extremely controversial topics in the social sciences today.
D
Which of the following statements is most likely true of legitimate power? A. The head of an organization is always a true leader. B. Legitimate authority and leadership are similar. C. Holding a position and being a leader are synonymous. D. Legitimate power depends on a person's organizational role.
D
Which skill category relates to analyzing issues, making decisions, and thinking strategically? A. Intrapersonal skills B. Leadership skills C. Interpersonal skills D. Business skills
D
Which statement about action learning is most likely FALSE? A. Adults learn best by doing, which is the basic philosophy of action learning. B. Although action learning is a popular tool, it has not shown a high level of effectiveness in leadership development. C. Action learning often involves assignment to a work team that addresses real-time actual challenges the company is facing. D. Action learning involves attending classes, watching videotapes, and working in teams to create development plans for the firm.
D
Which statement about followership styles is most likely true? A. Alienated followers are usually viewed by leaders as lazy and incompetent. B. Conformist followers focus on negative aspects of an organization. C. Passive followers are quiet but enthusiastic about their work. D. Pragmatist followers tend to be mediocre performers.
D
Which theory explains the interesting relationships between leader intelligence and experience levels, and group performance in stressful versus nonstressful conditions? A. Strategic contingencies theory B. Hierarchical trait theory C. Leader-member exchange theory D. Cognitive resources theory
D
Why do followers most likely need to have a high level of technical competence? A. Technical competence decreases the pressure to belong to a leader's in-group. B. Technical expertise enables a follower to implement a relevant development plan. C. Technical competence increases a follower's channel power and situational control. D. Technical expertise plays a key role in supervisors' performance appraisal ratings of subordinates.
D
Why should task forces that are formed to work on key change initiatives be staffed by stars? A. Minimizes the need to outsource tasks B. Ensures that key players earn promotions C. Establishes an effective and reasonable time schedule D. Improves the odds of good recommendations being made
D
_____ is defined as the process by which we perceive and respond to situations that challenge us. A. Performance B. Depression C. Emotion D. Stress
D
_____ power is a function of the amount of knowledge one possesses relative to the rest of the members of a group. A. Reward B. Referent C. Coercive D. Expert
D
"People like to have some sense of control over their work. Micro-managing staff will help to either create yea-sayers or cause people to mentally disengage from work." Which creativity killer does this statement exemplify? A. Taking away all discretion and autonomy B. Creating fragmented work schedules C. Providing insufficient resources D. Focusing on short-term goals
A
38. Ideal followers are most likely to be perceived as: A. independent. B. forward-looking. C. inspiring. D. innovative.
A
Goal emphasis and work facilitation are _____ leadership behavior dimensions. A. job-centered B. interpersonal C. employee-centered D. intrapersonal
A
In the informal coaching process, a leader is most likely to inspire commitment from a follower by _____. A. reviewing performance appraisals B. building a trusting relationship C. assisting with networking D. providing new tasks
A
Most intelligence and aptitude tests are good examples of: A. systems thinking. B. convergent thinking. C. picture thinking. D. divergent thinking.
B
The _____ component of assertiveness skills concerns knowing where and when not to behave assertively. A. evaluative B. behavioral C. Knowledge D. Assertive
C
28. (p. 8) Leadership is most associated with: A. consistency. B. planning. C. control. D. vision.
D
Which of the following leadership questionnaires measured the extent to which leaders in industrial settings exhibited consideration and initiating structure behaviors? A. LBDQ B. LOQ C. LBDQ-XII D. SBDQ
D
31. Which of the following statements is true of leadership and management? A. Leadership and management have both unique functions and an area of overlap. B. A good leader can be a good manager, but the reverse is never true. C. Leadership and management are not related due to diverse goals. D. Leadership and management are effectively the same for all practical purposes.
A
A manager with a _____ orientation will most likely rely on coercive methods to motivate workers such as punishments and threats. A. Theory X B. Theory Y C. Millennial D. Baby Boomer
A
According to Goleman's conceptualization of emotional intelligence (EQ), the 'change catalyst' attribute likely corresponds to which OCEAN correlate? A. Extraversion B. Agreeableness C. Openness to experience D. Neuroticism
A
According to Hogan and Warrenfelz, which of the following skills is the most difficult to change? A. Intrapersonal B. Interpersonal C. Leadership D. Business
A
According to some leadership experts, leadership: A. is an interpersonal relation in which others comply because they want to. B. is the study of leaders independent of the people they interact with. C. postulates that leaders administer rather than innovate. D. requires that leaders accept the status quo.
A
Based on the research of Peterson and Hicks, which statement about the development planning process is most likely FALSE? A. The second phase in development planning requires conducting a formal GAPS analysis. B. The last phase in development planning is transferring learning to new environments. C. The first phase in development planning involves identifying career goals. D. There are five interrelated phases in the development planning process.
A
Coalition tactics are most likely exhibited when agents: A. seek the aid of others to influence the target. B. ask targets to participate in activity planning. C. arouse enthusiasm or emotions in targets. D. ask others to provide favors out of friendship.
A
Gen Xers have a tendency to define leadership as: A. giving employees what they need to work well and comfortably. B. sitting in meetings and making profound vision statements. C. creating a level playing field for all. D. being critical of employees.
A
In general, members of the Baby Boomer generation: A. are ambitious and loyal to organizations. B. came of age during the Watergate scandal. C. grew up as latchkey kids in divorced families. D. appreciate teamwork and a work-life balance.
A
In perception, which term refers to the process of assigning underlying causes to behaviors? A. Attribution B. Single-loop learning C. Self-fulfilling prophecy D. Fundamental attribution error
A
In the OCEAN model, the personality dimension concerned with curiosity, innovative thinking, and assimilating new information is known as: A. openness to experience. B. extraversion. C. conscientiousness. D. neuroticism.
A
Leaders high in initiating structure are most likely to: A. monitor subordinates' performance levels. B. speak up for subordinates' interests. C. care about subordinates' personal situations. D. show appreciation for subordinates' work.
A
Leadership training programs for mid-level managers are LEAST likely to focus on improving _____ skills. A. strategic planning B. time management C. oral communication D. interpersonal
A
One way to maximize the attendance and benefits of a meeting is to: A. make it convenient. B. encourage participation. C. stick to the agenda. D. provide pertinent materials.
A
Relationships that lack trust are characterized by self-protective efforts to control and verify each other's behavior. This statement most likely relates to the _____ level of principle-centered leadership. A. interpersonal B. personal C. managerial D. organizational
A
Research findings by French and Raven indicate that leaders who rely primarily on _____ and _____ power have subordinates who are more motivated and satisfied, are absent less, and perform better. A. referent; expert B. coercive; referent C. expert; reward D. reward; legitimate
A
The interactional framework for analyzing leadership includes: A. followers, leaders, and situations. B. individuals, groups, and organizations. C. individual followers, groups, and leaders. D. first-level supervisors, mid-level managers, and top-level leaders.
A
The leadership competency of helping a group or community recognize and define its opportunities and issues in ways that result in effective action is known as: A. framing. B. building social capital. C. mobilizing followers. D. facilitating interaction.
A
What is the fastest way to alter the culture and norms of a team? A. Change the people in the team B. Revise the organizational mission C. Modify the corporate strategy D. Implement new team rules
A
What is the reason behind the usage of the phrase "desirable opportunities" in one of the definitions of leadership? A. To distinguish between leadership and tyranny B. To distinguish between leadership and management C. To distinguish between leadership and followership D. To distinguish between leadership and situation
A
When a team has fewer than 15 people, what should new leaders do during the first two weeks? A. Meet one-on-one with direct reports and group stars B. Schedule half-day one-on-one sessions with every team member C. Identify major areas of improvement and restructure the whole group D. Organize gatherings to learn personal information about team members
A
Which of the following is NOT an example of behaviors that could be considered a "10 percent stretch"? A. Using a motivational practice that has been very successful in the past B. Conversing informally with everyone in the office at least once each day C. Being more assertive or more quiet than usual in a meeting D. Seeking an opportunity to be chair of a committee
A
Which of the following is a conventional distinction that is made between managers and leaders? A. Managers maintain, while leaders develop. B. Managers innovate, while leaders administer. C. Managers inspire, while leaders control. D. Managers originate, while leaders imitate.
A
Which of the following is a measure of the ability model of emotional intelligence that asks subjects to recognize the emotions depicted in pictures? A. MSCEIT B. Bar-On EQi-S C. Emotional Competence Inventory D. SASQ
A
Which of the following statements is NOT accurate concerning listening? A. The best listeners are passive listeners. B. Active listening demonstrates respect for others. C. Listening to others is just as important as expressing oneself clearly to them. D. Much of the information leaders have comes from listening to what goes on around them.
A
Which of the following would LEAST likely help a subordinate to better understand their superior's world? A. Meeting with the superior's boss to evaluate their interaction and relationship B. Trying to understand the superior's personal and organizational objectives C. Realizing that the superior has both strengths and weaknesses D. Keeping the superior informed about work group activities
A
Which statement about the reflection component of the A-O-R model is most likely FALSE? A. The importance of reflection in leadership development is rarely addressed by scholars. B. Reflection is the most significant and most neglected component of the A-O-R model. C. Reflection provides leaders with insight into how to frame problems differently. D. Busy schedules typically prevent leaders from engaging in leadership reflection.
A
Work facilitation behaviors deal with leaders: A. acquiring and allocating resources. B. motivating subordinates to work hard. C. showing concern for subordinates. D. minimizing conflicts among followers.
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