MGT: Exam 1: Chapter 2 Study guide

According to Weber, in a bureaucracy, people should occupy positions because of their social standing and personal contacts. T/F

False

Norms are written instructions about how to perform a certain aspect of a task. T/F

False

Scientific management practices allowed workers to define their own rights. T/F

False

The contingency theory suggests that there is always one best way to organize. T/F

False

As a result of the application of scientific management principles, workers became increasingly dissatisfied. T/F

True

Authority gives managers the right to direct and control their subordinates' behavior to achieve organizational goals. T/F

True

Bureaucracy is a formal system of organization and administration designed to ensure efficiency and effectiveness. T/F

True

In his studies, Adam Smith found that the performance of the factories in which workers specialized in only one or a few tasks was much greater than the performance of the factory in which each worker performed all the tasks. T/F

True

Management science theory focuses on the use of rigorous quantitative techniques to help managers. T/F

True

When authority is centralized, only managers at the top of the organization make important decisions. T/F

True

According to Taylor, the production process becomes more efficient with: A. the use of informal rule-of thumb knowledge. B. an increase in the effort that each worker puts in to produce a unit of output. C. an increase in the amount of time required to produce a unit of output. D. an increase in division of labor through specialization. E. the use of intuitive knowledge.

an increase in division of labor through specialization

The power to hold workers accountable for their actions and to make decisions about the use of organizational resources is known as: A. authority. B. entropy. C. esprit de corps. D. initiative. E. synergy.

authority

________ gives managers the right to direct and control their subordinates' behavior to accomplish organizational goals. A. Entropy B. Authority C. Synergy D. Esprit de corps E. Equity

authority

________ refers to a formal system of organization and administration designed to ensure efficiency and effectiveness. A. Esprit de corps B. Entropy C. Adhocracy D. Bureaucracy E. Synergy

bureaucracy

________ refers to the concentration of authority at the top of the organizational chart instead of being distributed throughout the managerial hierarchy. A. Centralization B. Unity of direction C. Synergy D. Unity of command E. Entropy

centralization

The primary message of ________ is that there is no one best way to organize. A. behavioral management theory B. administrative management theory C. management science theory D. contingency theory E. Theory X

contingency theory

________ refers to a system where small workshops run by skilled workers produce hand-manufactured products. A. Crafts production B. Flow production C. Mass production D. Mechanized production E. Series production

crafts production

Administrative management is the study of: A. how an organizational structure is to be created such that it leads to high efficiency and effectiveness. B. how the feelings, thoughts, and behavior of work-group members and managers affect worker performance. C. how characteristics of the work setting—specifically the level of lighting—affect worker performance. D. how managers control the organization's relationship with its external environment. E. how managers should personally behave to motivate employees and encourage them to perform at high levels

how an organizational structure is to be created such that it leads to high efficiency and effectiveness

________ is the process by which division of labor occurs as different workers gain expertise in tasks over time. A. Job rotation B. Job specialization C. Centralization D. Systems management E. Esprit de corp

job specialization

_______ refers to the chain of command extending from the top to the bottom of an organization A. Division of labor B. Unity of command C. Esprit de corps D. Line of authority E. Unity of direction

line of authority

________ is the study of the factors that have an impact on how individuals and groups respond to and act in organizations. A. Hawthorne studies B. Scientific management C. Organizational behavior D. Management science E. Administrative management

organizational behavior

The aspect of management theory that uses mathematical techniques such as modeling and simulation to help managers make better decisions is called: A. behavioral management. B. administrative management. C. human relations management. D. quantitative management. E. contingency management.

quantitative management

The idea that employees who stay with the organization for many years develop skills on the job which can help the organization to become more efficient is consistent with Fayol's principle of: A. unity of direction. B. initiative. C. discipline. D. stability of tenure E. unity of command.

stability of tenure

The idea that workers should be aware of how their performance affects the performance of the organization as a whole is most consistent with Fayol's principle of: A. unity of command. B. stability of tenure of personnel. C. remuneration of personnel. D. esprit de corps. E. subordination of individual interests to the common interest. Feedback

subordination of individual interests to the common interest.

The human relations movement advocates that: A. supervisors make all the important decisions concerning the company. B. the level of work-group performance be controlled by workers. C. Managers use punishments as a tool to elicit cooperation from employees. D. supervisors be behaviorally trained to manage subordinates. E. employees be monitored outside the workplace

supervisors be behaviorally trained to manage subordinates

________ is the performance gain caused by two or more departments coordinating their efforts. A. Equity B. Esprit de corps C. Synergy D. Order E. Entropy

synergy

Job specialization refers to: A. the process by which each position's formal authority in an organizational hierarchy is established. B. the process by which members of different departments work together in cross-departmental teams to accomplish projects. C. the process by which employees explore new ways to improve how tasks are performed. D. the process by which division of labor occurs as different workers gain expertise in tasks. E. the process by which subordinates receive orders and report to only one superior

the process by which division of labor occurs as different workers gain expertise in tasks.

Which of the following principles of management by Henri Fayol specifies that an employee should report to only one superior? A. Esprit de corps B. Unity of command C. Centralization D. Decentralization E. Line of authority

unity of command

An organization that has a single, comprehensive long-term plan that leads every department within the organization is following Fayol's principle of: A. order. B. line of authority. C. decentralization. D. unity of command. E. unity of direction

unity of direction