Micro biology Final

Flagella

A long, whip-like filament that helps in cell motility. appendages that propel bacteria

Antigen

A marker on every cell, including invading pathogens, by which the body recognizes unknown cells or disease causing organisms

Pathogen

An organism capable of producing disease

host

An organism from which a parasite obtains nourishment

When first seen by scientists through a microscope, microorganisms and cells were referred to as which of the following?

Animalcules

Fomites

Any inanimate object to which infectious material adheres and can be transmitted.

Spirilla are types of which of the following

Bacteria

whooping cough

Bordetella pertussis

Erythema migrans

Bull's eye rash

which of the following microorganisms undergoes both an infectious stage of growth and a noninfectious stages of growth ?

Chlamydia

Parrot fever

Chlamydia psittaci

Q fever

Coxiella burnetti

Fungal meningitis

Cryptococcus neoformans

amebic dysentary

Entamoeba histolytica

Rabbit fever

Francisella tularensis

Rubella virus

German measles

which of the following types of hepatitis is primarily spread through fecally contaminated food or water ?

Hapatitis A

which of the following persons recognized that phenol killed microorganisms ?

Joseph lister

walking pneumonia

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Which of the following microorganisms is the smallest free living organism in nature ?

Mycoplasmas

PCP

Pneumocystis carinii

which of the following is a small proteinaceous infectious particle that is resistant to most procedures that modify nucleic acids ?

Prions

Virulence

Relative power and degree of pathogenicity possessed by organisms to produce disease

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rickettsia rickettsii

which of the following diseases is characterized by the presence of measles - like rash on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet ?

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Bacillus

Rod shaped bacteria

The belief that life forms can spontaneously appear from nonliving matter is known as which of the following ?

Spontaneous generation

scarlet fever

Streptococcus pyogenes

Which of the following is not a characteristic of gram positive bacteria ?

They have less complex nutritional requirements

which of the following is not a characteristic of gram-positive bacteria ?

They have less complex nutritional requirements

East African sleeping disease

Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense

Edward Jenner

Used cowpox as a vaccine for smallpox

Asiatic cholera

Vibrio cholera

which of the following is characteristic of the primary stage of syphilis ?

a chancre appears on the genitals

capsule

an organized and firmly attached outer coating on some prokaryotic cells

eschar

area of dead tissue

Gumma

associated with tertiary syphilis

which of the following is a prokaryotic one-celled microorganism existing as free-living organisms or as parasites, multiplying by binary fission, and having a large range of biochemical properties ?

bacteria

Spirochetes

bacteria that are surrounded by an axial filament and have a shape similar to a flexible corkscrew

which of the following is a method of asexual reproduction in bacteria in which the cell splits into two parts, each of which develops into a complete individual ?

binary fission

which of the following refers to the theory that all living beings are composed of individual cells ?

cell theory

tissues gas

clostridium perfringens

Bacteria shaped like a sphere are known as which of the following ?

coccus

herpes simplex virus 1

cold sores

which of the following disease is characterized by that sore throat, fever, fatigue, swelling of the neck, and a tough grayish pseudomembrane ?

diphtheria

Corynebacteria have been shown to cause which of the following types of infectious in humans ?

endocarditis, urinary infections, and respiratory illness after contract with infected sheep

In which of the following diseases might the tongue be covered with a white fur, or discolored black and rolled up in the back of the mouth ?

epidemic typhus

Robert Koch

established the causation of disease by microorganisms

which of the following refers to the theory that microorganisms cause disease ?

germ theory

which of the following is the most commonly identified waterborne illness in the united states ?

giardiasis

which of the following is a sticky, gelatinous coating that surrounds the cell wall of prokaryotic cells ?

glycocalyx

Louis Pasteur

helped save the european silk industry by indentifying to protozoan that eased a silkworm disease

which of the following describes the state or condition in which the body, or part of the body, is invaded by a pathogenic agent that, under favorable conditions, multiplies and produces injurious effects ?

infection

Epstein-Barr virus

infectious mononucleosis

which of the following disease is caused by a spirochete ?

leptospirosis

which of the following disease is characterized by a bulls eye rash ?

lyme disease

which of the following is a chemical enzyme in the body that uses water to break down the peptidoglycan layer in the prokaryotic pathogens ?

lysozyme

Rubeola virus

measles

Malaria is spread through which of the following ?

mosquitoes

Orchitis and sterility can result from which of the following diseases?

mumps

which of the following refers to the branch of science concerned with the study of fungi ?

mycology

which of the following microorganisms has a characteristic of a fried egg appearance ?

mycoplasma pneunoniea

which of the following are the smallest free living organisms known being intermediate in size between viruses and bacteria ?

mycoplasmas

which of the following describes infection caused by bacteria that are normally nonpathogenic and that normally inhabit the digestive tract ?

opportunistic infection

Thrush

oral candidiasis in the newborn

which of the following enables bacteria to attach to tissues ?

pili

which of the following microorganisms causes african trypanomiasis and is spread through the tsetse fly ?

protozoa

Joseph Lister

recognized that phenol killed microorganism

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

reported microorganisms in rainwater, lake water, on the surface of human teeth, in the gut of horseflies, and in the feces of human diarrhea.

which of the following is a genus of gram-negative, pathogenic, intracellular parasitic, microorganisms ?

rickettsia

marine typhus

rickettsia rickettsii

skin lesions caused by the herpes zoster virus are known as which of the following ?

shingles

which of the following portals of exit and entry allow the spread of pathogens causing tetanus, malaria, African sleeping sickness, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, dysentery, rabies, typhus fever, and bubonic plague ?

skin and membranes

Edward jenner discovered a cure for which of the following diseases ?

small pox

Variola virus

smallpox

which of the following refers to the bacteria with a spiral or helical shape ?

spirillum

Morphology

study of size size, shape, and arrangement of microorganisms

which of the following refers to the theory that growth of all microganisms can be controlled because living cells can only arise from preexisting living cells ?

theory of biogenesis

which of the following refers to the theory that the growth of microorganisms can be controlled because living cells can only arise from preexisiting living cells?

theory of biogenesis

which of the following refers to fungal infections of skin, hair, nails ?

tineas

which of the following disease is spread through handling contaminated cat feces ?

toxoplasmosis

which of the following is a carrier, usually an insect or other arthropod, that transmits the causative organisms of disease from the infected to noninfected individuals ?

vector

which of the following refers to viral infections that favor the bodies abdominal organs ?

viscerotropic