Micro Ch.12

1-Arthroconidium 5-Chlamydoconidium 2-Ascospore 6-Conidiospore 3-Basidiospore 7-Sporangiospore 4-Blastoconidium 8-Zygospore -------------------------------------------------------- In the table, which is a thick-walled spore formed as a segment within a hypha? 5 7 3 1 None of the answers is correct.

5

Which phylum of protozoa contains organisms that are non-motile, obligate intracellular parasites? Apicomplexa Euglenozoa ciliates Amoebozoa

Apicomplexa

Yeast infections are caused by..................... Penicillium. Histoplasma. Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Aspergillus. Candida albicans.

Candida albicans.

You see acid-fast oocysts in a fecal sample from a patient who has diarrhea. What is the MOST likely cause? Taenia Entamoeba Giardia diatoms Cryptosporidium

Cryptosporidium

Which of the following organisms requires an additional non-human host to complete its life cycle? Enterobius vermicularis Ascaris lumbricoides Necator americanus Plasmodium species

Plasmodium species

Ringworm is caused by a(n).................. trematode. nematode. cestode. protozoan. fungus.

fungus.

Which of the following groups of algae does NOT produce compounds that are toxic to humans? green algae red algae dinoflagellates diatoms None of the answers is correct; all of these groups of algae produce compounds toxic to humans.

green algae

Which of the following pairs is mismatched? green algae prokaryotic diatoms petroleum dinoflagellates paralytic shellfish poisoning red algae agar brown algae algin

green algae prokaryotic

Which of the following arthropods does NOT transmit diseases by sucking blood from a human host? kissing bugs lice mosquitoes houseflies fleas

houseflies

In the malaria parasite life cycle, humans are the ________ host, while mosquitoes are the ________ host as well as the vector. intermediate; intermediate vector; intermediate definitive; intermediate intermediate; definitive temporary; final

intermediate; definitive

Giardia and Trichomonas are unusual eukaryotes because they............. do produce cysts. lack mitochondria. do not produce cysts. are motile. lack nuclei.

lack mitochondria.

Which of the following statements about helminths is FALSE? •Some have male and female reproductive organs in one animal. •They have eukaryotic cells. •They are multicellular animals. •All are parasites. •They are heterotrophic.

•All are parasites.

Which of the following statements about algae is FALSE? •All are unicellular. •They use light as their energy source. •They produce oxygen from hydrolysis of water. •They use CO2 as their carbon source. •Some are capable of sexual reproduction.

•All are unicellular.

Which of the following statements is FALSE? •Fungal spores are for asexual or sexual reproduction. •Fungi produce sexual spores. •Fungal spores are highly resistant to heat and chemical agents. •Fungi produce asexual spores. •Fungal spores are used in identification of fungi.

•Fungal spores are highly resistant to heat and chemical agents.

Which of the following pairs is mismatched? •Ascomycota conidiospores •Basidiomycota basidiospores •anamorphs lack spores •Zygomycota sporangiospores •microsporidia lack mitochondria

•anamorphs lack spores

1-Arthroconidium 5-Chlamydoconidium 2-Ascospore 6-Conidiospore 3-Basidiospore 7-Sporangiospore 4-Blastoconidium 8-Zygospore ------------------------------------------------------------ In the table, which of these spores are asexual spores? 1, 3, 5, 8 2, 4, 6, 7, 8 2, 3, 6, 8 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 All of the spores are asexual.

1, 4, 5, 6, 7

Which of the following pairs are mismatched? 1. arthroconidium formed by fragmentation 2. sporangiospore formed within hyphae 3. conidiospore formed in a chain 4. blastoconidium formed from a bud 5. chlamydoconidium formed in a sac ------------------------------------------------ 2 and 3 4 and 5 2 and 5 3 and 4 1 and 2

2 and 5

1-Arthroconidium 5-Chlamydoconidium 2-Ascospore 6-Conidiospore 3-Basidiospore 7-Sporangiospore 4-Blastoconidium 8-Zygospore ----------------------------------------------- In the table, which of these spores are characteristic of Penicillium? 3 and 4 2 and 6 1 and 2 4 and 6 1 and 4

2 and 6

1-Arthroconidium 5-Chlamydoconidium 2-Ascospore 6-Conidiospore 3-Basidiospore 7-Sporangiospore 4-Blastoconidium 8-Zygospore ---------------------------------------------------- In the table, which of these spores are characteristic of Rhizopus? 7 and 8 6 and 7 1 and 2 1 and 4 2 and 8

7 and 8

Which of the following organisms is photoautotrophic protozoan? Phytophthora cellular slime mold Euglena plasmodial slime mold oomycote

Euglena

Arthropod vectors are blood-sucking animals such as ticks, lice, and fleas that transmit microbial pathogens. T/F

False

All of the following are characteristic of algae EXCEPT which ONE of the following? They may be unicellular or multicellular. Most are photoautotrophs. They mostly live in aquatic habitats. They are currently classified as plants. Some produce harmful toxins.

They are currently classified as plants.

Which of the following statements about the oomycote algae is FALSE? They form hyphae. They have chlorophyll. They produce zoospores in a sporangium. They cause plant diseases. They reproduce sexually.

They have chlorophyll.

Arthropod vectors are blood-sucking animals such as ticks, lice, and fleas that transmit microbial pathogens. T/F

True

Plasmogamy, karyogamy, and meiosis are stages of the fungal sexual life cycle. T/F

True

The sporozoite, merozoite, gametocyte, and ring stages are all part of the Plasmodium life cycle. T/F

True

Which of the following is a nucleated, unicellular organism that, if you changed the incubation temperature, would form filaments with conidiospores? euglenozoa cellular slime mold tapeworm plasmodial slime mold ascomycete

ascomycete

In mid-December, a woman with insulin-dependent diabetes who had been on prednisone fell and received an abrasion on the dorsal side of her right hand. She was placed on penicillin. By the end of January, the ulcer had not healed, and she was referred to a plastic surgeon. On January 30, a swab of the wound was cultured at 35°C on blood agar. On the same day, a smear was made for Gram staining. The Gram stain showed large (10 µm) cells. Brownish, waxy colonies grew on the blood agar. Slide cultures set up on February 1 and incubated at 25°C showed septate hyphae and single conidia. The most likely cause of the infection is a.................. dimorphic fungus. protozoan. parasitic alga. gram-negative bacterium. yeast.

dimorphic fungus.

Which of the following pairs is mismatched? mosquito malaria tick Lyme disease mosquito Pneumocystis tick Rocky Mountain spotted fever mosquito encephalitis

mosquito Pneumocystis

Dengue fever is transmitted by which of the following? fleas mites and ticks sucking lice mosquitoes

mosquitoes

Assume you have isolated a multicellular heterotrophic organism that produces coenocytic hyphae, motile zoospores, and cellulose cell walls. It is most likely a(n) green alga. zygomycete fungus. tapeworm. oomycote alga. ascomycete fungus.

oomycote alga.

Which statement regarding helminths is true? •Helminths usually possess specialized organ systems, including circulatory, nervous, and reproductive systems. •The life cycle of helminths is always very simple, and they usually infect only one host. •They are always dioecious, which means that one individual has both male and female reproductive organs. •They are unicellular.

•Helminths usually possess specialized organ systems, including circulatory, nervous, and reproductive systems.

Trichomonas vaginalis can be distinguished from other parasitic protozoa by which of the characteristics listed below? •It has an undulating membrane, infects the vagina, and is frequently transmitted by sexual contact. •It infects Anopheles mosquitoes and can be transmitted by a bite. •It is a photosynthetic organism that lives in fresh water. •It is usually found in drinking water and is associated with fecal contamination.

•It has an undulating membrane, infects the vagina, and is frequently transmitted by sexual contact.

Which of the following statements about fungi is true? •Most fungi reproduce only asexually. •Conidiospores are spores that are enclosed in a specialized sac-like structure. •Karyogamy refers to a part of the sexual reproduction cycle in which two haploid nuclei fuse to form a diploid zygote. •Fungi are commonly identified using biochemical tests.

•Karyogamy refers to a part of the sexual reproduction cycle in which two haploid nuclei fuse to form a diploid zygote.

Which of the following statements regarding lichens is FALSE? •Lichens are often the first life form to colonize rock or soil. •The algal partner produces carbohydrates that are absorbed by the fungal partner. •The fungal partner provides a means of attachment and protects the algal partner from desiccation. •Lichens represent a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and an alga. •Lichens are a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and a protozoan.

•Lichens are a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and a protozoan.

Which of the following statements regarding fungi is FALSE? •Fungi are eukaryotic heterotrophs. •Fungi tolerate low moisture conditions. •Most fungi are pathogenic for humans. •Fungi reproduce by forming asexual or sexual spores. •Most fungi grow well in acidic culture condition.

•Most fungi are pathogenic for humans.

Which of the following statements regarding protozoa is FALSE? •Some protozoan pathogens are transmitted by arthropod vectors. •Protozoa are common in water and soil. •Nearly all protozoa cause disease. •Protozoa are unicellular eukaryotes. •Most protozoa reproduce asexually.

•Nearly all protozoa cause disease.

Which of the following statements about protozoa is true? •All protozoa can undergo sexual reproduction. •Some protozoa reproduce by schizogony, a process that is virtually identical to the budding process that happens in some yeast. •Most protozoa are photosynthetic. •When conditions become harsh, some protozoa can form a protective capsule, which is called a cyst.

•When conditions become harsh, some protozoa can form a protective capsule, which is called a cyst.

Seventeen patients in ten hospitals had cutaneous infections caused by Rhizopus. In all seventeen patients, Elastoplast bandages were placed over sterile gauze pads to cover wounds. Fourteen of the patients had surgical wounds, two had venous line insertion sites, and one had a bite wound. Lesions present when the bandages were removed ranged from vesiculopustular eruptions to ulcerations and skin necrosis requiring debridement. Fungi are more likely than bacteria to contaminate bandages because they............... •are aerobic. •can tolerate low-moisture conditions. •have a fermentative metabolism. •prefer a neutral environment (pH 7). •cannot tolerate high osmotic pressure.

•can tolerate low-moisture conditions.

Which of the following pairs is mismatched? •trematodes flukes •nematodes complete digestive tract •cestodes segmented body made of proglottids •cestodes all are free-living •nematodes many are free-living

•cestodes all are free-living

Which of the following pairs is mismatched? •coenocytic hyphae hyphae with cross-walls •systemic mycosis fungal infection of body organs •dimorphic fungus grows as a yeast or a mold •dermatomycosis fungal infection of the skin •teleomorph produces both sexual and asexual spores

•coenocytic hyphae hyphae with cross-walls

The term dermatophyte is typically used for fungi that cause which of the following? •cutaneous mycoses •opportunistic infections •subcutaneous mycoses •systemic mycoses

•cutaneous mycoses

Which of the following is the most effective control for malaria? •eliminate the intermediate host •treating patients •vaccination •eliminate Anopheles mosquitoes •None of these is an effective control.

•eliminate Anopheles mosquitoes

Helminthic diseases are usually transmitted to humans by......... •vectors. •gastrointestinal route. •aerosols. •genitourinary route. •respiratory route.

•gastrointestinal route.

All of the following are characteristic of the Platyhelminthes EXCEPT that they.................. •are multicellular animals. •have highly developed digestive and nervous systems. •can be divided into flukes and tapeworms. •are hermaphroditic. •are dorsoventrally flattened.

•have highly developed digestive and nervous systems.

Three weeks after a river rafting trip, three family members experienced symptoms of coughing, fever, and chest pain. During the rafting trip, the family had consumed crayfish that they caught along the river banks. An examination of the patients' sputum revealed helminth eggs, and serum samples were positive for antibodies to Paragonimus. All of the family members recovered following treatment with praziquantel. In the Paragonimus life cycle,................ •both humans and crayfish are definitive hosts. •the crayfish are the definitive host and humans are the intermediate host. •both humans and crayfish are intermediate hosts. •the source of the infection was the river water. •humans are the definitive host and crayfish are the intermediate host.

•humans are the definitive host and crayfish are the intermediate host.

All of the following are characteristic of lichens EXCEPT.......... •they are arranged in foliose, fruticose, or crustose morphologies. •they are a major food source for tundra herbivores. •they serve as primary producers in rocky ecosystems. •they are used as indicators of air pollution. •they are a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a protozoan.

•they are a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a protozoan.