Microbiology: Actinomycosis and Candidiasis

Pseudomembranous Candidiasis is ______ of all cases.

35%

What causes a long-term bacterial infection that commonly affects the face and neck?

Actinomycosis

Which infection causes "lumpy jaw"?

Actinomycosis It is an abscess with a hard, red, or even purplish lump, often on the jaw

Pseudomembranous Candidiasis is usually an _____ ______ in infants or those taking antibiotics or immunosuppressant drugs

Acute conditions

What do some sources of Erythematous Candidiasis refer to?

Angular chielitis, denture stomatitis, and median rhomboid glossitis as sub-types

Candidiasis signs and symptoms What does the burning sensation associated with Erythematous sometimes misdiagnosed as?

Burning Mouth Syndrome

What is Actinomycosis caused by?

By a bacterium called Actinomyces israelii, which is a common organism found in the nose and throat that does not normally cause disease

What is Candidiasis caused by?

Candida albicans

Which infection is carried in the mouth of about 50% of the world's population as a normal component?

Candidiasis

Which infection is known as thrush?

Candidiasis

What area besides the face and neck can Actinomycosis infect?

Chest, abdomen, and pelvis

What are common triggers of Actinomycosis?

Dental abscesses or oral surgery

Which type of Candidiasis is considered "red, raw looking"?

Erythematous

Because of its normal location, actinomycosis most commonly affected the ____ and ____

Face and nexk

True/false: Hyperplastic Candidiasis is thought to possibly precede pseudomembranous Candidiasis

False Erythematous Candidiasis is thought to possibly precede pseudomembranous Candidiasis

True/false: pseudomembranous Candidiasis can be acute in those with compromised immune systems

False it can be chronic

Which type of Candidiasis is considered "persistent, white plaque that does not wipe off"

Hyperplastic

Which type of Candidiasis is the most uncommon out of all the types?

Hyperplastic

In Erythematous, a loss of ______ ______ leaves a smooth appearance to the tongue (Rhomboid glossitis)

Lingual papilla

Erythematous is thought to possibly precede _______

Pseudomembranous

Which type of Candidiasis is considered the "classic form"

Pseudomembranous

What are the signs and symptoms of Candidiasis?

-other than the lesions presented, there are no other common signs and symptoms -a burning sensation can occur and is sometimes misdiagnosed as burning mouth syndrome (most likely occurs with Erythematous)

What are exams/tests for Actinomycosis?

-physical examination -culture of the tissue or fluid -examination of drained fluid under a microscope

What are the three types of Candidiasis?

-pseudomembranous -Erythematous -Hyperplastic (rare)

True/False: Candidiasis is a opportunistic disease

True

True/false: Actinomycosis occurs rarely in humans. It is usually seen in cattle

True

True/False: Actinomycosis is contagious

True it is not thus cannot be spread from person to person

How does Actinomycosis occur?

When the bacteria enters the tissue of the face after trauma, surgery, or infection

What are the predisposing factors of Candidiasis?

-Diet -Denture -Dry mouth -Smoking -antibiotics -Immunocompromised

What are the characteristics of Hyperplastic Candidiasis?

-Persistent, white plaque that does not wipe off -could be rough and nodular

What are the treatments for Candidiasis?

-Topical Nystatin ointment or rinse -If immunocompromised, May require systemic meds -smoking cessation -Good oral hygiene -Well-kept dentures and leaving them out at night

What are the characteristics of pseudomembranous Candidiasis?

-coating or patches of white slough that can be easily wiped away to reveal red area underneath -looks like curdled milk or cottage cheese in some cases

What are the signs and symptoms of Actinomycosis?

-"lumpy jaw" abscess with a hard, red, or even purplish lump, often on the jaw -the abscess breaks through the skin surface to produce a sinus tract -Fever -Minimal or no pain -Weight loss

What are treatments and prognosis for Actinomycosis?

-Antibiotics for several months to a year -surgical drainage or removal of the affected area may be needed -full recovery can be expected with treatment