Microbiology Chapter 24

C. parvum may infect dogs. pigs. cattle. humans. All of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct.

Entamoeba histolytica causes amebiasis. may form cysts. cysts survive passage through the stomach. may produce a cytotoxic enzyme. All of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct.

Both Giardia and C. parvum are resistant to chlorine. True False

True

The diarrhea of cholera has been described as a viscous fluid. small in volume. somewhat watery. a rice water stool.

a rice water stool.

Which of the following has shown some effectiveness in treating a herpes infection? AZT protease inhibitors acyclovir cephalosporin

acyclovir

Almost all bacterial intestinal infections may be attributed to Vibrio spp. C. jejuni. Salmonella spp. enterobacteria. All of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct.

The principal cause of dental caries is S. mutans. S. salivarius. S. mitis. S. sanguis.

S. mutans.

Who determined that the cholera outbreak in 1850s London was due to contaminated water and approached the problem by removing the pump handle at the contaminated site? Pasteur Snow Koch Smith

Snow

Cyclospora cayetanensis has, so far, not been identified with an animal source. True False

True

The passage from the mouth to the anus is termed the gut canal. oral cavity. grand canal. alimentary canal.

alimentary canal.

The symptoms of cholera are due to the action of an endotoxin. modified mucus. flagella. an exotoxin.

an exotoxin.

Most cases of Salmonella gastroenteritis have a(n) water source. human source. plant source. animal source.

animal source.

Giardiasis may be contracted from another person. clear mountain streams. chlorinated city water. cold filtered beer. another person, clear mountain streams AND chlorinated city water.

another person, clear mountain streams AND chlorinated city water.

Shigella are themselves nonmotile. may be pushed from cell to cell by actin tails. utilize pili to move. utilize flagella to move. are themselves nonmotile AND may be pushed from cell to cell by actin tails.

are themselves nonmotile AND may be pushed from cell to cell by actin tails.

HBV is mainly spread by blood. blood products. semen. saliva. blood, blood products AND semen.

blood, blood products AND semen.

The viral disease that characteristically infects the parotid glands is measles. herpes. chickenpox. mumps.

mumps.

Viral gastroenteritis that affects people of all ages and usually lasts less than 3 days is caused by herpes. hepatitis B. norovirus. rotavirus.

norovirus.

Amebiasis is caused by C. parvum. often causes a bloody diarrhea. is an infection of the stomach. is restricted to temperate climates. is caused by C. parvum AND often causes a bloody diarrhea.

often causes a bloody diarrhea.

The chronic inflammatory process involving the gums and tissues around the teeth is called dental caries. periodontal disease. dental plaque. root caries.

periodontal disease.

Cholera is the classic example of a(n) food-borne illness. zoonosis. opportunist. very severe form of diarrhea.

very severe form of diarrhea.

Mumps is a good candidate for elimination from the population due to the existence of an effective vaccine. a human only reservoir. the absence of a latent state. a single serotype. All of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct.

The animal(s) often associated with Salmonella strains is/are turtles. iguanas. baby chickens. ducks. All of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct.

Which of the following groups contain diarrhea-causing E. coli? enterotoxigenic enteroinvasive enteropathogenic enterohemorrhagic All of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct.

Cyclosporiosis is transmissable from person to person. True False

False

A mysterious sequel to C. jejuni infections is Reye's syndrome. Tourette's syndrome. Pasteur's syndrome. Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Guillain-Barré syndrome.

H. pylori appears connected to stomach cancer and ulcers. True False

True

Sucrose is one of the major contributors to the development of dental caries. True False

True

The bacteria primarily responsible for dental caries is Streptococcus mutans. True False

True

The infectious dose of cholera is much larger than that for Shigella. True False

True

The mumps virus initially infects the respiratory tract. True False

True

The saliva of asymptomatic carriers of herpes simplex is commonly infectious. True False

True

Virulent strains of shigella typically carry a large plasmid. True False

True

The most notorious typhoid carrier was Typhoid Tilly. Typhoid Tom. Typhoid Mary. Typhoid Mark.

Typhoid Mary.

H. pylori is, in part, able to survive in the stomach by its ability to produce lactic acid from sugar. fatty acids from sebum. neutralizing proteins from glucans. ammonia from urea.

ammonia from urea.

The animal(s) most often associated with C. jejuni is/are turtles. iguanas. chickens. ducks. All of the choices are correct.

chickens.

Part of the ability of S. mutans to produce dental caries depends on its ability to invade plaque and dissolve the gums. convert sucrose to lactic acid. convert proteins to sugars. attach to the gums.

convert sucrose to lactic acid.

The most common infectious disease of humans is the common cold. dental caries. hepatitis A. halitosis

dental caries.

Collections of bacteria that adhere to the surfaces of the teeth are called dental caries. dental plaque. halitosis. periodontal disease.

dental plaque.

The oocytes of Cyclospora cayetanensis are mature when eliminated in the stool. do not contain sporozoites when passed in the feces. are smaller than the oocytes of Cryptosporidium parvum. give rise to three sporozoites. All of the choices are correct.

do not contain sporozoites when passed in the feces.

The food products most commonly contaminated with Salmonella strains are meat and seafood. milk and cheese. fruit and vegetables. eggs and poultry.

eggs and poultry.

Which group produces a toxin somewhat similar to that produced by Shigella dysenteriae? enterotoxigenic enteroinvasive enteropathogenic enterohemorrhagic All of the choices are correct.

enterohemorrhagic

Which of the following groups give rise to a disease similar to that caused by Shigella sp.? enterotoxigenic enteroinvasive enteropathogenic enterohemorrhagic All of the choices are correct.

enteroinvasive

A common source of cholera infection is acid rain. unpasteurized milk. fecal contaminated material, especially water. boiled water. acid rain AND boiled water.

fecal contaminated material, especially water.

This mineral, typically added to drinking water, makes enamel more resistant to dissolving in acid. calcium chlorine chloramine fluoride

fluoride

In which of these organs does a carrier of typhoid bacilli maintain the bacteria? liver gallbladder Peyer's patches colon liver AND Peyer's patches

gallbladder

The most commonly identified waterborne illness in the United States is amoebiasis. cryptosporidiosis. balantidiasis. giardiasis.

giardiasis.

Shigella and cholera toxin both have an A-B arrangement. work through ADP ribosylation. increase cAMP levels. prevent protein synthesis.

have an A-B arrangement.

The most common chronic blood-borne infection in the U.S. is hepatitis A hepatitis B hepatitis C hepatitis D

hepatitis C

A painful finger infection attributable to herpes virus is known as a(n) finger sore. abrasion lesion. furuncle. herpetic whitlow.

herpetic whitlow.

Most North American outbreaks of Cyclospora cayetanensis have been associated with cattle. iguanas. imported leafy vegetables and berries, especially raspberries. chickens.

imported leafy vegetables and berries, especially raspberries.

The toxins involved in intestinal infections typically kill cells by inhibiting protein synthesis. modify cell physiology resulting in increased secretion of water and electrolytes. modify cell physiology resulting in decreased secretion of water and electrolytes. kill cells by inhibiting DNA synthesis. kill cells by inhibiting protein synthesis AND modify cell physiology resulting in increased secretion of water and electrolytes.

kill cells by inhibiting protein synthesis AND modify cell physiology resulting in increased secretion of water and electrolytes.

The initial attachment required for establishment of an intestinal infection is by flagella. cilia. pseudopodia. pili.

pili.

Viral gastroenteritis in infants and children is most commonly caused by herpes. hepatitis B. Norwalk virus. rotavirus.

rotavirus.

Where in the body does the latent, non-infectious, non-replicating form of the herpes simplex virus persist? motor neurons red blood cells cranial nerves sensory nerves

sensory nerves

Hepatitis A spreads via the respiratory route. blood transfusion. body fluids. the fecal-oral route.

the fecal-oral route.

Intestinal protozoan infections are typically spread by the respiratory route. blood transfusion. body fluids. the fecal-oral route.

the fecal-oral route.

H. pylori appears to have some connection with acid reflux disease. ulcers. dental caries. stomach cancer. ulcers AND stomach cancer.

ulcers AND stomach cancer.

Which of these bacteria require a special medium and microaerophilic conditions? E. coli Pseudomonas S. aureus C. jejuni

C. jejuni