Microbiology - Eukaryotic Structure
The size of a eukaryotic cell ribosome is ______.
80s
The best definition of endosymbiosis is ________.
A pre-eukaryotic cell was infected by a prokaryote, and symbiosis between the two cell types gave rise to the modern-day eukaryotic cell
Long, thin, 7 nm in diameter, concentrated just inside the cytoplasmic membrane
Actin Filament
What groups contain eukaryotic microorganisms?
Bacteria, Protozoa, helminths, and fungi
Choose the statement that correctly describes the major difference between bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes.
Bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes differ in size.
T/F : The nuclear envelope is a single layer.
False
T/F :Scientists believe that the modern eukaryotic cell evolved 3.5 billion years ago when a photosynthetic bacteria and an aerobic bacteria fused together.
False - 2.7 Billion years ago
Two different kinds of appendages may be found on eukaryotic cells that enable them to move. ________ are long slender locomotor appendages that are usually single and few in number, whereas ________ are appendages which are numerous and short.
Flagella; cilia
An organelle that is a stack of flattened, membranous sacs and functions to receive, modify, and package proteins for cell secretion is the ________.
Golgi apparatus
Ropelike structures, 10 nm in diameter, provide structural reinforcement
Intermediate Filament
Which of the following is not true of the cytoskeleton?
Made up of cilia
Long, hollow tubes that maintain cell shape and help transport items within the cell
Microtubule
Which organelle contains cristae where enzymes and electron carriers for aerobic respiration are found?
Mitochondria
Which of the following is not a function of the eukaryote glycocalyx?
Movement
Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in the cells of bacteria?
Nucleus, lysosomes, ER, and mitochondria
Which statement that best describes the role of mitochondria?
Provide cell with energy through cell respiration
Which of the following lines of evidence suggest that mitochondria evolved from the endosymbiosis of a pre-eukaryotic cell with a prokaryote?
They contain circular molecules of DNA, divide independently from the cell, contain 70S ribosomes.
T/F : Eukaryotic mitochondria have their own 70S ribosomes and circular DNA.
True
T/F : Rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes.
True
T/F : The eukaryotic cell membrane is a bilayer of sterols.
True
Mitochondria likely originated from _______.
bacteria
When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis, the DNA and its associated proteins appear as a visible network of dark fibers called the _____.
chromatin
Composed of DNA, genetic information of the cell
chromosomes
n eukaryotic cells, ribosomes have two locations: scattered in the ________ and on the surface of the _________.
cytoplasm; endoplasmic reticulum
The cell's series of tunnel-like membranes functioning in transport and storage are the _______.
endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria possess all of the following except ________.
enzymes for photosynthesis
The cytoskeleton ________.
helps maintain cell shape, functions in movements of the cytoplasm, provides support, and anchors organelles.
A(n) _______ originates from the Golgi apparatus as one type of vesicle that contains a variety of enzymes for intracellular digestion.
lysosome
The Golgi apparatus ________.
modifies proteins
Double membrane with pores
nuclear envelope
The passageways in the nuclear envelope for movement of substances to and from the nucleus and cytoplasm are called nuclear ________.
nuclear pores
Dense granular mass made of RNA, which is the site of ribosomal RNA synthesis and ribosomal subunit assembly
nucleolus
The site for ribosomal RNA synthesis is the ______.
nucleolus
Histones are ________.
proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus
The eukaryote cell membrane is composed of ______.
sterols, proteins, phospholipids, cholesterol
Eukaryotic cell membranes contain large lipid molecules called sterols, whereas prokaryotic membranes lack sterols. One argument supporting the presence of these sterols in eukaryotes is that ________.
unlike prokaryotes, many eukaryotes lack the protection of a cell wall and therefore require sterols to add some strength and rigidity to the membrane