Microbiology Exam 1 (multiple choice questions)

You prepare a patient for the sterile procedure. Which of the following statements, by the patient, best demonstrates understanding of the need for sterile equipment and aseptic procedures? a. "sterile equipment and aseptic procedures are utilized so there are no microorganisms introduced that could cause infection" b. "sterile equipment and aseptic procedures are utilized so there are no microorganisms introduced that could cause infection" c."sterile equipment and aseptic procedures are utilized to protect the caregiver from infection" d. "sterile equipment and aseptic procedures are utilized so that microorganisms on the skin that could cause infection are removed"

a. "sterile equipment and aseptic procedures are utilized so there are no microorganisms introduced that could cause infection"

What part of a phospholipid forms hydrophobic tails a. fatty acids b. glycerol c. phosphate d. alcohol e. all of the choices are correct

a. fatty acids

Lipopolysaccharide is an important cell wall component of a. gram-negative bacteria b. gram-positive bacteria c. acid-fast bacteria d. mycoplasmas e. protoplasts

a. gram-negative bacteria

Which organelle contains cristae where enzymes and electron carriers for aerobic respiration are found a. mitochondria b. lysosomes c. golgi apparatus d. chloroplasts e. endoplasmic reticulum

a. mitochondria

Most fungi obtain nutrients from dead plants and animals. These fungi are called a. saprobes b. parasites c. substrates d. nonseptate e. dimorphic

a. saprobes

The Dutch textile merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and record microorganisms was a. Francesco Redi b. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek c. louis pasteur d. joseph lister e. robert koch

b. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

If bacteria living in salty seawater were displaced to a freshwater environment, the cell structure that would prevent the cells from rupturing is the a. endospore b. cell wall c. cell membrane d. capsule e. slime layer

b. cell wall

During unfavorable growth conditions, many protozoa can convert to a resistant, dormant stage called a. endospore b. cyst c. seed d. trophozoite e. sporozoa

b. cyst

Cultures of a bacterial species were incubated on the shelf of a refrigerator, out on a lab bench top, on the shelf of a 37'C incubator, and on the shelf of a 50'C incubator. After incubation, there was abundant growth at 37'C, slight growth at 50'C, and out on the bench top, and no growth at refrigeration. What term could be used for this species? a. halophile b. mesophile c. anaerobe d. psychrophile e. capnophile

b. mesophiles

Most biochemical macromolecules are polymers, which are chains of a. hydrophobic molecules b. electrolytic molecules c. repeating monomers d. repeating carbohydrates e. hydrogen bonds

c. repeating monomers

The term heterotroph refers to an organism that a. uses CO2 for its carbon source b. must obtain organic compounds for its carbon needs c. gets energy from sunlight d. gets energy by oxidizing chemical compounds e. does not need a carbon source

b. must obtain organic compounds for its carbon needs

Microbial death occurs when there is a. no movement b. no reproduction c. a change in appearance d. a decrease in size e. all of these occur

b. no reproduction

An organism that can exist only in oxygen environments a(n) a. anaerobe b. obligate aerobe c. facultative anaerobe d. microaerophile e. obligate anaerobe

b. obligate aerobe

The shortest time required to kill all the microbes and endospores in a sample at a specified temperature is called the a. thermal death point (TDP) b. thermal death time (TDT) c. sporicidal time d. death phase point e. none of the choices is correct

b. thermal death time (TDT)

The easiest microbial forms to kill or inhibit are a. prions b. vegetative bacteria and fungi c. endospores d. protozoan cysts e. mycobacteria and staphylococci

b. vegetative bacteria and fungi

A bacterial cell exhibiting chemotaxis probably has a. fimbriae b. a capsule c. thylakoids d. flagella e. metachromatic granules

d. flagella

The time interval from parent cell to two new daughter cells is called the a. binary fission b. growth curve c. generation time d. death phase e. culture time

c. generation time

An organelle that is a stack of flattened, membranous sacs and functions to receive, modify, and package proteins for cell secretion is the a. mitochondria b. lysosome c. golgi apparatus d. chloroplast e. endoplasmic reticulum

c. golgi apparatus

The bacterial chromosome a. is located in the cell membrane b. contains all the cell's plasmids c. is part of the nucleoid d. forms a single linear strand of DNA e. all of the choices are correct

c. is part of the nucleoid

Living things ordinarily too small to be seen with the unaided eye are termed a. bacteria b. viruses c. microorganisms d. none of these are correct

c. microorganisms

Endospores are a. metabolically inactive b. resistant to heat and chemical destruction c. resistant to destruction by radiation d. all of the choices are correct

d. all of the choices are correct

ATP is best described as a. an enzyme b. a double helix c. an electron carrier d. the energy molecules of cells e. all of the choices are correct

d. the energy molecules of cells

The size of a eukaryotic cell ribosome is a. 30S b. 40S c. 50S d. 70S e. 80S

e. 80S

Which of the following factors will influence the action of microbial agents? a. the number of microorganisms b. the kind of microorganisms c. temperature and pH d. mode and dosage of the agent e. all of these will influence the action

e. all of these will influence the action

The use of energy by a cell to enclose a substance in its membrane by forming a vacuole and engulfing it is called a. facilitated diffusion b. diffusion c. active transport d. osmosis e. endocytosis

e. endocytosis