Microbiology Lab: Final
Which temperature results in pinkish/red colonies of Serratia?
25 degrees Celsius
Which temperature results in white colonies of Serratia?
37 degrees Celsius
Based on the absorbance readings, which temperature does Serratia marcescens grow best at?
37 degrees Celsius -Highest absorbance reading
Using the image below, which concentration of lysozyme had the largest effect on the Gram-positive bacteria?
4 -Darkest ring
Based on the absorbance readings, which pH does Escherichia coli grow best at?
7 -highest absorbance
Which test examines protein utilization?
ADH
Which antibiotics target the cell wall of bacteria (check all that apply)?
Ampicillin, Bacitracin, Penicillin
Which antibiotics is E. coli completely resistant to?
Bacitracin Optochin Penicillin Vancomycin -No clearing around the circle
Lysozyme is an enzyme catalyzes the beta 1-4 linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine in the peptidoglycan. Which cell structure does it affect?
Cell wall
Which antibiotics target the protein synthesis of bacteria (check all that apply)?
Chloraphenicol Streptomycin Tetracyclines
Indicate five antibiotics that E. coli is highly susceptible to?
Erythromicin Gentamicin Streptomycin Tetracycline Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole -rings around circle
Which molecule is hydrolyzed by lipases?
Fat
Which antibiotics target the DNA and RNA synthesis of bacteria (check all that apply)?
Fluroquinones Rifamycins
Antifungals are compunds that kill of inhibit ____.
Fungi
Which test examines aerobic/anaerobic respiration?
H2S
Name one of the tests that examines protein utilization in the API20E
IND
Name one of the tests that must be completed under anaerobic conditions in the API20E
LDC
Name one of the tests that examines carbon utilization in the API20E
MAN
Many bacteria pathogen have an optimal growth between 35ºC and 40ºC are classified as
Mesophiles
For the casein hydrolysis test, the image shows a ___ response. -beige streak without clear halo
Negative
For the fat hydrolysis test, the image shows a ___ response. -yellow streak
Negative
For the phenylalanine deamination test, the image shows a ___ response. -white precipitate
Negative
For the starch hydrolysis test, the image shows a ___ response. -yellow streak
Negative
For the tryptophan hydrolysis test, the image shows a ___ response. -no precipitate on top. Uniform color
Negative
For the urea hydrolysis test, the image shows a ___ response. -Yellow with pink on top
Negative
The API 20 E tests for bacteria that do (check all that apply)
Oxidation and Fermentation, No Oxidation and Fermentation
Aerobic respiration is a form of energy metabolism where the final electron acceptor is
Oxygen
Which molecule is deaminated into phenylpyruvic acid and ammonia?
Phenylalanine
For the casein hydrolysis test, the image shows a ___ response. -clear halo
Positive
For the fat hydrolysis test, the image shows a ___ response. -dark blue streak
Positive
For the phenylalanine deamination test, the image shows a ___ response. -Dark blue precipitate
Positive
For the tryptophan hydrolysis test, the image shows a ___ response. -pink precipitate on top
Positive
For the urea hydrolysis test, the image shows a ___ response. -pink with red on top
Positive
Which test examines carbon utilization?
SOR
Which bacteria's colonies change color from white (higher temperature) to red (lower temperature)
Serratia
Which molecule is hydrolyzed by amylase?
Starch
Bacitracin targets
The cell wall
Penicillin targets
The cell wall
pH refers to what?
The concentration of hydrogen ions
Which molecule is degraded in indole, ammonia and pyruvic acid?
Tryptophan
Name one of the tests that examines nitrogen utilization in the API20E
URE
A bacterium that grows at a pH of 4 is a
acidophile
Microbes that can grow in oxygen but do not require oxygen for energy metabolism are
aerotolerant anaerobe
A bacterium that grows at a pH of 10 is a
alkaliphile
Fermentation is a form of energy metabolism where the final electron acceptor is
an organic molecule
Antiparasitics are compunds that kill of inhibit ____.
animals
Substances that inhibit of kill microorganisms but are gentle enough to apply to living tissue are _____.
antiseptics
Substances that inhibit or kill microorganisms but are gentle enough to apply to living tissue are
antiseptics
Antimicrobials are compounds that kill or inhibit
any type of microorganisms
Antibiotics are compounds that kill or inhibit
bacteria
Antibiotics are compunds that kill of inhibit ____.
bacteria
The 2,3 butanediol fermentation test uses which reagent to indicate a positive reaction?
barritt
Which molecule is hydrolyzed by proteases?
casein
Which test examines protein hydrolysis?
casein
Which enzyme is tested for with hydrogen peroxide?
catalase
When the temperature decreases past the optimal, lipids can freeze and fracture affecting which structure?
cell membrane
When the temperature increases past the optimal, lipids can be destroyed affecting which structure?21
cell membrane
Chemical agents that are applied to inanimate objects to kill microbes are _____
disinfectants
Chemical agents that are applied to inanimate objects to kill microorganisms are
disinfectants
When the temperature decreases past the optimal, the activity of this molecule will slow down.
enzyme
When the temperature increases past the optimal, these denature.
enzyme
Microbes that are flexible and can grow with or without oxygen are
facultative anaerobe
Bacteria that have a flexible metabolism for oxygen conditions
facultative anaerobes
The API 20 E tests for
gram negative bacteria
These microbes can grow in moderate concentration of sodium chloride.
halotolerant
This type of reaction breaks down a molecule using water.
hydrolysis reaction
Which bacteria have optimal growth above 75ºC?
hyperthemophile
A cell that has more solutes than its environment is
hypertonic
A cell that has more solutes than the surrounding environment is
hypertonic
A cell that has fewer solutes than its environment is
hypotonic
A cell that has fewer solutes than the surrounding environment is
hypotonic
Anaerobic respiration is a form of energy metabolism where the final electron acceptor is
inorganic
Water flow (into / out of) a cell that is hypertonic.
into
A cell that has the same solute concentration as its environment is
isotonic
A substance that has been oxidized has ____ an electron.
loss
Which bacteria have optimal growth between 25ºC to 45ºC?
mesophile
The mixed acid fermentation test uses which reagent to indicate a positive reaction?
methyl red
Microbes that require oxygen to grow but at much lower levels than 20% are
microaerophile
A bacterium that grows at a pH of 7 is a
neutrophile
Microbes that can only grow when oxygen is present are
obligate aerobe
Bacteria that must grow in oxygen because their metabolism requires oxygen
obligate aerobes
Microbes that can only grow when oxygen is not present are
obligate anaerobe
These microbes require a high concentration of sodium chloride in order to grow.
obligate halophile
A microbe such as Halobacterium salinarium thrives in high salt concentration environment is known as a
obligate halophiles
Bacteria that cannot grow in an oxygenated environment
obligates anaerobes
Fermentation is a form of energy metabolism where the final electron acceptor is
organic
These microbes can grow in excessive sugar concentrations.
osmophile
Water flow (into / out of) a cell that is hypotonic.
out of
Which enzyme is tested for in an oxidation test?
oxidase
Which test examines the deamination of an amino acid?
phenyalanine
For the starch hydrolysis test, the image shows a ___ response. -Orange halo
positive -Orange halo
Chloramphenicol targets
protein synthesis
Streptomycin targets
protein synthesis
Tetracyclines targets
protein synthesis
Which bacteria have optimal growth between -5ºC to 15º C?
psychrophile
When the temperature increases past the optimal, the hydrogen bonding in the RNA breaks down and the proteins denature in this structure.
ribosome
Which bacteria have optimal growth between 45ºC to 75ºC?
thermophile
Which molecule splits in carbon dioxide and ammonia when it is hydrolyzed?
urea
Antiviral are compunds that kill of inhibit ____.
viruses
Antivirals are compounds that kill or inhibit
viruses
