Midterm Exam Review MGMT 331-5S8
Deciding to choose a solution that meets enough minimum qualifications is ___.
satisficing
It is important to understand the interaction of person factors and factors.
situational
Among the stages of group development in Tuckman's model are:
norming,forming,performing
The best way to increase self-awareness is through:
taking self-assessments
The extent to which a person has a high need for structure and control in his or her life is known as:
tolerance for ambiguity
A reciprocal belief that another person will consider the effects of his intentions and behaviors on you is ______.
trust
The extent to which an individual focuses on either task and technical concerns or people and social concerns in making decisions is:
value orientation
True or false: Personality conflicts cannot be avoided in life or the workplace.
TRUE
What is it called when unwanted behavior occurs that is meant to harm someone who feels powerless to respond?
bullying
How can employees avoid the pitfalls of social media at work?
by creating social media accounts for personal and professional use,by learning the company's social media policies,by avoiding anything that may be seen as rude or embarrassing
Select the types of solution response.
Solving,Dissolving,Resolving
Brainstorming can be used by which of the following to devise potential solutions?
groups,individuals
True or false: Careers can be tarnished by the unethical behavior of others.
TRUE
Crossing your legs can send a nonverbal message of:
defensiveness
According to the Reina Model for rebuilding trust, it is important to discuss feelings and emotions constructively before reframing the and taking for what happened. (Enter one word in each blank.)
experiences,responsibility
A judgment that is based on a subconscious mixing of information stored in memory is a(n):
holistic hunch
Which of the core influence tactics are most effective at building commitment?
inspirational appeals,consultation,rational persuasion
The process of actively decoding and interpreting verbal messages is .
listening
A role is a set of expected behaviors for a particular , while a role is a set of expected behaviors for members of the group as a whole.
member,group
Picking a solution is which step in the rational decision making process?
third
A team that works together over time and distance using electronic media to combine effort and achieve goals is a(n) team. (Enter one word in the blank.)
virtual
How far in advance should a presentation be prepared?
weeks
Brainstorming is a technique used to help groups generate multiple and alternatives for solving .
solutions,problems
OB concepts can be applied to the problem- process to overcome challenges and improve your performance.
solve
Which of the following is the biggest negative impact of social media use by employees at their workplaces?
Losing productivity
Select the steps in the applied 3-step approach to problem solving.
Make recommendations,Define the problem,Identify causes
Which of the assumptions of the rational decision-making model are faulty?
Managers have complete information.,Managers leave emotion out of their decision.,Managers have all of the resources needed to make rational decisions.
When meeting people for the first time, how can you project that you are interested?
ask them questions about themselves
When people believe they are being attacked or threatened, they become . (Enter one word in the blank.)
defensiveness
The group process that anonymously generates ideas or judgments from physically dispersed experts is called the .
deiphi,technique
The three blaming styles researchers found in people from a large variety of industries include
denying blame,blaming others,blaming oneself
What type of facial expression typically represents anger or dissatisfaction?
frowning
Which of the following terms describe trends in feedback?
informal,inclusive,continual
Collaboration includes which of the following aspects?
information sharing,task coordination
What communication methods do younger generations prefer over more traditional communication methods?
instant messaging devices,texting devices
Deciding to select a solution that meets some minimum, adequate qualifications is .
satisfising
Research has found that key decision-making errors include:
selecting a solution without considering alternatives ,allocating resources poorly to study alternatives,making a quick decision without looking at all available information
Which of the symptoms of groupthink stifles critical debate?
self-censorship
For most jobs, candidates are selected for their ______ skills.
technical
Which of the following are key elements to punctuated equilibrium?
time,change
The least effective way to use evidence-based decision making is to ___.
to support a decision that has already been made
Workers who meet regularly to discuss ways to improve product quality are in a(n) group.
formal
What are the benefits of pro-social leadership?
fostering contributions from team members,outperforming other groups
What type of political action is pursued at the individual level?
general self-interests
What communication tendencies are women more likely to exhibit than men?
giving tactful feedback,sharing credit for success
Feedback is more likely to be acted upon when it is and helps achieve an important goal. (Enter one word in the blank.)
instructional
Which of the following are examples of negotiations that an employee may make with an employer?
working hours,salary,promotion
Feedback offers which of the following to those who can positively impact a situation?
information
The sense of \we-ness\" that overrides individual differences and motives in a group is: "
cohesiveness.
Discrimination is legally considered harassment when it is based on which of the following?
gender,race,religion
Cognitive shortcuts or biases that are used to simplify the process of making decisions are known as . (Enter one word in each blank.)
judgmental,heuristics
Identifying ahead of time what can throw you off balance in a negotiation is part of:
knowing your \hot buttons\"."
Communication skills that impact communication competence include:
nonverbal communication,active listening,nondefensive communication
What are the three basic ways to deliver a presentation?
reading the presentation from a script,using a bulleted list that outlines the presentation,memorizing and rehearsing the presentation
What are some of the undesirable consequences of conflict at work?
reduced productivity,termination,project failures
The disadvantages of group decision making include:
social pressure reduces creativity,goal displacement ,a few people dominate
The extent to which team members are dependent on each other to accomplish their work is called
task interdependence.
True or false: According to Herbert Simon, perfect rationality is possible and regularly used by people when they have to make decisions in complex situations.
FALSE
Which of the following statements about effective team players is true?
Effective team players display commitment, collaboration, and competence.
Using the OB concepts and tools that best suit the situation is called a(n) to management. (Enter one word in each blank.)
contingent,plan
What are some examples of communication styles associated with women?
conversational skills,building relationships,offering support
Formal groups fulfill which two of the following organizational functions?
coordinating interdepartmental efforts,implementing complex decisions
The first two steps in the rational decision making model are:
determining the issue at hand,generating alternative solutions
Early in the group development process, a team can improve its chances for success if it:
develops a team charter
Which of the programmed conflict techniques assigns someone in an organization or group to identify potential issues or challenges with a proposed process?
devil's advocacy
When an individual has valued knowledge or information needed by others, this is known as what type of power?
expert
Punctuated equilibrium is concerned with:
how a group functions in the face of change
What personal characteristic represents an individual's tendency to think and behave in ethical and unethical ways?
moral character
Customers prefer meat that is sold as \85% lean\" instead of \"15% fat\" shows that people view choices more favorably when shown in terms of gains rather than losses. This an example of what type of bias?"
framing bias
Clear goals and responsibilities with an appropriate mix of knowledge, skills, and abilities are specifically associated with ______ teams.
high-performing
Employees in self-managed work groups are acting as their own . (Enter one word in the blank.)
manager
Plans that outline exactly what the team is to do, goals for the team, and the tasks, responsibilities, and roles of team members are:
team performance strategies
Reduced commuting and real estate costs are among the benefits of:
virtual teams
True or false: Feedback can only occur when the original receiver expresses a reaction to the sender's message.
FALSE
Evidence-based decision making holds the promise of:
avoiding decision-making biases,improving performance
What communication tendencies are men more likely to exhibit than women?
boasting about themselves,giving blunt feedback
What should you do to manage conflict successfully?
Keep a work-life balance.,Realize that not all conflict is bad.,Be aware of various forms of incivility.
The sense of \we-ness\" that overrides individual differences and motives in a group is ."
cohesivness
The collection of jobs, personalities, skills, experience, and knowledge of team members is the team's ______.
composition
People who have a high tolerance for ambiguity and focus on people and the social aspects of a work situation have the decision making style.
conceptual
What is it called when a decision maker recognizes information that supports a decision, while ignoring contracting information?
confirmation bias
A situation with two choices, neither of which resolve the situation in an ethically acceptable manner is called a(n) . (Enter one word in each blank.)
ethical,dilema
Which of the following are elements in framing a presentation?
explaining why the subject matters,ending the presentation with a solution,considering what the audience knows
Bounded rationality is the idea that decision makers:
face various restrictions when making decisions
The constraints in Herbert Simon's normative model of decision making include:
gender,time available ,technology
Skills that are related to technical know-how, such as bookkeeping or financial analysis, are known as skills. (Enter one word in the blank.)
hard
Choosing to make a decision because it just feels right is using a(n) hunch.
hollstic
Which of the following elements influence decision makers falling into the trap of anchoring bias?
impressions,feedback,stereotypes
According to Cialdini's research on influencing people, how should the six principles he found be used?
in combination
What are three practical things to consider in the decision-making process?
information and communication,time constraints,routine and frequency
When assessing good or bad behavior from employees, managers should consider both the person and the . (Enter one word in the blank.)
situations
Which of the following are aspects of team composition?
skills and abilities of members,knowledge and experience of members
True or false: Establishing a trusting relationship with your boss may make you the \go to\" person to fill in when needed."
TRUE
True or false: Making threats of punishment and following up with that punishment is coercive power.
TRUE
Characteristics of the rational decision-making model include the assumption that managers:
are objective,possess all information needed to make the best decision
What is a form of computing that allows machines to perform cognitive functions similar to the way humans do?
artificial intelligence (AI)
A choice that is made based on a well-known situation and a partly subconscious application of previously learned information is a(n):
automated experience
According to the model of intuition, one of the processes of intuition is controlled, voluntary, and effortful and the other is _____.
automatic, involuntary, and mostly effortless
The tendency to base decisions on information that is recent and easily recalled from memory is:
availability bias
When Bill docked Joe's pay for being late to work again after being warned, Bill was using ______ power.
coercive
The ability to make threats of punishment and deliver actual punishment gives an individual:
coercive power
The forms of power associated with one's job or position in an organization are referred to as position power and include:
coercive power,legitimate power,reward power
When someone you are attempting to influence not only joins your cause, but works at it even harder than you do, it is:
commitment
Group influence brings individuals into the social fabric of an organization by:
communicating role expectations,communicating norms
Step 3 in the creation of an influence plan involves deciding what you want or need from the person you hope to influence. What are the two possible choices?
compliance,commitment
The main ways that people react when others try to manage or influence them are:
compliance,resistance,commitment
Escalation of leads to increasing intensity and cycles of provocation that result in the replacement of substantive debate with extreme positions.
conflict
What is the energy created by the perceived gap between what individuals or groups want and what they are experiencing?
conflict
The idea that when members of different groups interact more often, there will be less conflict between the groups is the:
contact hypothesis
Knowing which OB tools to use and under what circumstances is referred to as a(n) approach to managing people. (Enter one word in the blank.)
contingent
What are likely outcomes of HR policies and procedures that do not manage incivility?
decreased job performance,anger and fear,damaged reputations
Which two activities are included in the decision-making process?
determining alternative solutions,choosing from among alternative solutions
Bullying and interactional injustice are forms of incivillityBlank 1Blank 1 incivillity , Correct Unavailable. (Enter one word in the blank.)
devils,advocate
What are some tips for sparking creativity?
doing \nothing\"
Choosing among available options is not always a pure choice between right and wrong, which means that sometimes one faces a(n)
ethical dilemma.
Which of the following concepts have shown that social media contribute to employee productivity?
improving performance and retention,providing more creativity and collaboration,increasing job satisfaction
The style of conflict management described as confronting the issue cooperatively, identifying the problem, generating and weighing alternatives, and selecting a solution is:
integrating
A progressive win-win strategy to find an agreement that is better for both parties and no longer divides a fixed pie among the parties is:
integrative negotiation
Suggestions for ways to make better decisions include:
investigating a greater number of potential solutions ,slowing down when making decisions,considering a broader set of alternatives
Realizing which emotions will best suit your objectives and being mindful of them during negotiation is _____.
knowing your ideal emotions
Groupthink can result in decisions that:
lack moral judgment,fail to realistically evaluate alternative options ,maintain the cohesiveness of the group
What are ways that conflict can manifest itself in a work environment?
lack of cooperation,anger,insults
Which of the following are characteristic of low intensity conflict in the workplace?
lack of creativity,indecision
Which of the following are aspects of trust?
letting your guard down with another person,believing that another person will keep the impact of his or her actions on you in mind
When a listener takes the time to decode and interpret a verbal message, this process is called:
listening
Social media has eroded privacy and it is important to recognize that your reputation and your employer's can be damaged in the following ways:
loss of employment or business,legal action,social stigma
Satisficing means that managers:
make a decision that is satisfactory, but not optimal,make a decision that is good enough
The capacity of a medium to transmit information and support understanding is called ______.
media richness
To solve problems effectively, it is important to consider necessary , such as people who will provide support.
resource
Individuals or organizations that obtain compliance by promising or granting rewards use which base of power?
reward power
A set of expected behaviors for a particular position in a group is called a(n)
role.
What are some of the forms that resistance takes when opposing those who try to assert their power?
sabotage,indifference,passive-aggressiveness
Your understanding of who you are and what your preferences are can be improved by a process called -. (Enter one word in each blank.)
self,awareness
A commonly used political tactic in organizations is blowing your own horn while not recognizing the accomplishments of others. This is known as:
self-promotion
Which of the following is an example of unethical behavior at work?
David doesn't think he will get in trouble for cutting corners.
Deciding whether behaviors are good or bad, right or wrong, is a concern in the field of:
Ethics
Which of the following are the forms of power you possess independent of your job or position in an organization? (Check all that apply.)
Expert power,Referent power
True or false: A sender is the individual who decodes a message.
FALSE
What are recommended practices for improving communications between sexes and generations?
Give credit to people for their ideas regardless their gender.,Use a variety of media based on the circumstances.,Clarify any norms concerning communication.
Match the group maintenance role description in the right column to the role listed on the left.
Mediates conflict through reconciliation or humor,Encourages all to participate,Evaluates group processes,Serves as a passive audience
In contrast to a group, what are characteristics of a team?
Members depend on each other.,Members are accountable for their collective performance.
What are some examples of communication styles associated with men?
Men see conversations as negotiations to keep the upper hand.,Men hide their emotions.
What are some of the best practices for using slides in a presentation?
Provide commentary to the slides rather than reading them aloud.,Make sure the font is large enough to see from the back of the room.,Limit the number of words per slide.
True or false: Trust involves being vulnerable.
TRUE
Which of the following are challenges that virtual teams face?
The lack of interpersonal and face-to-face interactions make building trusting relationships difficult.,Relationships are difficult to build and monitor at a distance.,Technology limits nonverbal communication.
When people communicate, they do which of the following?
They take part in a process that involves two parties.,They process the information they exchange.,They decipher the information they exchange.
What type of team has a difficult time building trusting relationships because of a lack of interpersonal and face-to-face interactions?
a virtual team
What type of team has a well-defined purpose, is more or less permanent, and requires the complete commitment of its members?
a work team
The characteristics of an effective apology include:
acceptance of responsibility,acknowledgment of wrongdoing ,promise not to repeat the offense,expression of regret
Which listening style is characterized by the highest investment in listening to others when they are talking?
active
A problem occurs when there is a gap between a(n) and a(n) situation.
actual,desired
Bullying differs from other forms of incivility because it:
affects group dynamics and processes,affects even those who are not bullied,is most often evident to others
When decision makers are influenced by the first information they receive even if it is irrelevant, it is:
anchoring bias
People who have a directive decision style:
are decisive and action oriented,like to focus on facts
An important factor in the perception of feedback is the fundamental bias.
attribution
In order to be successful at managing conflict, what techniques should managers utilize?
becoming familiar with alternative dispute resolution methods,creating a psychologically safe climate,distinguishing between conflict states and conflict processes
Which of the following is most likely to spark creativity?
being bored
Corporate is prevalent even though most leaders are dedicated to operating ethical organizations.
cheating
Making threats and actually carrying out punishment is which type of power?
coercive
Which of the following bases of power have a negative effect on the organizing framework?
coercive
When all members of a group either agree with a decision or are able to support it, they have reached a . (Enter one word in the blank.)
consensus
Why should you use multimedia in a presentation?
to convey emotion to the audience
Ending a relationship and talking to a coworker who has behaved offensively are examples of .
crucial,conversations
The limitations under which managers make decisions result in acquiring manageable rather than optimal amounts of .
data
The management practice that enhances employee performance, well-being, and positive attitudes is . (Enter one word in the blank.)
empowerement
Which of the following will help teams collaborate better?
using scheduling project management software,recognizing the strongest skill for each team member
People who have the behavioral style of decision making can be characterized as:
having a hard time saying no to others,working well with others,avoiding conflict
What nonverbal message is expressed by having your palms up?
immediacy and openness
Dressing for success is the political tactic also known as ______.
impression management
Any attempt to control or manipulate the images related to a person, organization, or idea is .
impression,managment
Bullying and interactional injustice are forms of . (Enter one word in the blank.)
incivillity
Which of the following are the three levels that OB distinguishes among?
individual,organizational,group
Conscious efforts to affect and change a specific behavior in others are:
influence tactics
Groups on social media are a form of what type of group?
informal
What are the three criteria to consider when determining what is and is not ethical during a negotiation?
intent,activity,content
Organizational politics is defined as
intentional actions to improve individual or organizational interests.
According to the contact hypothesis, what is the key to decreasing intergroup conflict?
interaction
What does the nonverbal communication technique of leaning forward show?
interest
What are some characteristics of psychological empowerment?
intrinsic motivation,self-efficacy
How can artificial intelligence (AI) help managers enhance business operations?
managing customer communications,automating processes,gaining insight through data analysis
Employees who are psychologically empowered feel a sense of:
meaning,competence,self-determination
The failure to correct misperceptions or conceal the negotiator's own position or circumstance such as a conflict of interest is .
nondisclosure
The constraints in Herbert Simon's model of decision making include the limited capacity of the human mind.
nonrational
What models of decision making explain how managers really come to decisions?
nonrational
Which of the following can be a source of noise?
nonverbal communication,a loud environment,handwriting that is hard to read
During coaching conversations, what can employees do to discuss problems with their bosses?
offer suggestions in a polite manner,speak to specific behaviors and situations,be sensitive
Which of the following are ways that groups positively communicate role expectations?
offering friendship,showing acceptance
Characteristics of the performing stage in Tuckman's model of group development include:
open communication,goal achievement,constructive conflict resolution
Formal groups fulfill both and functions in organizations.
organization,individuals
The bias that takes place because we are optimistic based on overestimates of what we are able to do is:
overconfidence bias
What is an effective mechanism to check on communication accuracy?
paraphrasing or restating what someone else has said or written
Plans that outline exactly what the team is to do such as goal setting and defining member roles are team strategies.
performence
Which stage in Tuckman's model of group development focuses on resolving task problems and achieving more than one person could alone?
performing
The stage of group development characterized by a lot of helping behavior among group members to achieve goals is the stage.
perfroming
In the systems model of the organizing framework, what are the initial drivers of all outcomes?
person and situation factors
Masahiro prefers to work as a team member. He enjoys working collaboratively with others. This preference is a(n)
person factor.
The various characteristics that make individuals unique are known as
person factors.
Interpersonal opposition based on personal dislike or disagreement is a(n) . (Enter one word in each blank.)
personality ,conflict
Rhonda operates a small restaurant with a very large and complex menu. The employees form a coalition to convince Rhonda to streamline and focus the menu. This change in policy ultimately results in decreased food costs, more customer satisfaction, and greater profits. This is an example of ______ that is ______.
political action; positive
The ability to marshal human, informational, and other resources to get something done is:
power
A is the divide between an actual and a desired situation.
problem
What is the main focus of the interest-based approach to negotiation?
problem solving
If a chosen solution fails to solve the problem, managers can return to the stage of the model.
problem,identify
When there is a difference between a goal and the actual outcome, this is known as a(n)
problem.
Although it is essential, if not managed effectively, e-mail can be a huge drain.
productivity
Which of these are positive uses of politics?
protesting unfair treatment by employers,helping an organization adapt to new policies
Among the \don'ts\" of providing feedback are:"
providing very complex feedback that is difficult to understand,using feedback to embarrass or humiliate an employee
What type of sexual harassment occurs when a manager or supervisor demands sex in exchange for a raise or other employment benefit?
quid pro quo
What aspect of conversational skills and habits do women focus on?
rapport and relationships
The decision-making model that assumes managers are fully objective and have all information they need to make a decision is the decision model.
ration
What is it called when decisions are based on past or similar information or situations?
representative bias
The decision-making heuristic used when people estimate the probability of an event occurring based on impressions about similar occurrences is:
representativeness bias
When someone reacts to an attempt to influence their behavior by refusing to comply it is:
resistance
Research indicates that most managers have multiple decision-making styles and that those styles are based on:
age.,nationality.,gender.
The reasons that banning access to social media at work can damage employee morale and loyalty include:
alienating younger employees who are used to being \plugged in\"
The model of decision-making styles is based on which of the following dimensions?
tolerance for ambiguity,value orientation
Analytical decision makers are those who:
tolerate ambiguity well,respond well to new situations,consider as many facts as possible
Examples of nonverbal communication include:
touching,eye contact,posture
What are some characteristics of structural empowerment?
transition of authority,job design
The Reina Model is used to restore when it has been compromised.
trust
Which of the following are ways to make a good first impression?
watch your body language,be in a good mood,have goals
It is important to provide clear guidance on how to improve performance:
when giving both positive and negative feedback
What practical consideration might result in an individual rather than the whole group making a decision?
when there is limited time to make the decision
Which of the following describe when feedback is motivational?
when there is promise of a reward,when it is a reward
What is the result when the demands from work and family domains are mutually incompatible?
work-life conflict
What type of conflict is most likely to be reduced if employees have a supportive family to share responsibilities at home?
work-life conflict
The contact hypothesis is concerned with interaction
between groups.
What are practical ways to build trust in interpersonal relationships within an organization?
Demonstrate good business sense, technical ability, and professionalism.,Be realistic about commitments and deliver quality work on time.,Keep team members informed by providing information on policies and giving accurate feedback.
Which of the following should managers do to deal with unethical behavior in the workplace?
Determine likely causes of unethical behavior in managers and employees.,Set clear expectations when employees are confronted with unethical behavior.
What should you do after identifying unethical conduct in your workplace but before confronting the problem?
Determine possible causes.
The degree to which members feel part of the collective group is called group
cohesiveness.
Dependence on hindsight, lack of rigor, and being overly subjective are all elements of:
common sense
Taking a break is a good way to regroup and recover your in a negotiation.
balance
What is the best way for managers to prevent or deal with intergroup conflicts?
by creating psychologically safe climates
How do the news media influence availability bias?
by emphasizing unusual events
Functional conflict is also referred to as or cooperative conflict.
constructive
A performance-based index of an individual's abilities to effectively use communication behaviors in a given context is communication .
competency
Which of the following are some of the tactics interviewers use to impress job candidates? (Check all that apply.)
Nonverbal cues,Administrative follow-up,Appearance of promotional items
A person seeking to understand and manage people at work is likely to study , which is an interdisciplinary field.
O,B
When delivering a presentation, which of the following are the most important things to know? (Check all that apply.)
One should know the concepts behind each bullet point in the presentation.,One should know how to transition from one topic to another.
Drag and drop the examples against the corresponding characteristics of conflict.
Parties move from persuasive arguments to threats and power plays,More issues that bother each party are added to the disagreement,Parties no longer want to resolve the problem, but to win or hurt the other,More people or groups are drawn into the conflict,Conflict widens from narrow and specific concerns to broader ones and even general intolerance of the other party
The tool for creating programmed conflict that appoints a member of the group as a critic is . (Enter one word in each blank.)
devils,advocate
Using a structured debate to foster opposing viewpoints prior to making a decision is the:
dialectic method
Feedback delivery tends to be which of the following?
direct,critical
People with a decision-making style have a low tolerance for ambiguity and are oriented toward tasks.
directive
The fixed pie approach in which one person wins at the expense of the other is:
distributive negotiation
What type of problem-solving technique, also called brainwriting, allows participants to submit their ideas over the Internet?
electronic brainstorming
In oral communication, which of the following are more clearly understood because of nonverbal communication?
emotions,attitudes
It is possible to improve communications between the sexes and generations by:
employing a variety of communication media,avoiding assumptions based on sex or age
The transfer of authority and responsibilities from management to employees is called structural .
empowerement
Writing a message prior to determining its means of delivery is an example of:
encoding
According to anonymous surveys, what percentage of high school students admitted to cheating on tests?
51%
What point should you keep in mind when dealing with nervousness in making a presentation?
Audience members expect you to be nervous.
Which of the following are outcomes of widespread corporate corruption?
Bankrupting of companies,Destruction of the lives of many employees
Which of the following is an example of a person factor?
Preference to work independently
True or false: Teams can foster collaboration by recognizing and using the strengths of individual team members.
TRUE
True or false: The goal of decision making is to find a solution that leads to a desired state of affairs.
TRUE
Expertise is the combination of which of the following?
Tacit knowledge,Explicit knowledge
Which of the following statements describe how building work flow rhythm fosters collaboration in teams?
Team members have their interdependent needs met.,Team efforts are better coordinated.,Team members know what they need to do and when.
Avoiding conflict is desirable when it does which of the following?
It provides you with a way to change the setting of the conflict.,It allows you to refocus.,It gives you more time to gather facts.
Which of the following are ways that incivility disrupts teamwork?
It undermines collaboration.,It undermines individual member performance.,It undermines engagement.
Big data, the vast quantity of data available to decision makers, can
enhance productivity.,be used to develop new products and services.,make information more transparent and usable.
Information that can be easily described is knowledge.
explicite
Apologizing can reduce which of the following?
bad impressions,poor performance,negative uses of power
Which of the following are approaches to resolving intergroup conflict?
creating a psychologically safe climate,the contact hypothesis
Which of the following are considered part of flextime?
creating deadline flexibility,creating workday flexibility,creating flexible scheduling
The joint novelty and usefulness of a product or service as judged by others is:
creative outcome effectiveness
What is a lie of omission?
failing to reveal relevant information
The factors that affect perceptions of feedback include:
fairness of the system,accuracy of the feedback,reasonable goals or standards
Information about performance given to those who can make the situation better is the definition of:
feedback
The part of the communication process in which the receiver expresses a reaction to the sender's message is .
feedback
When practicing a speech or presentation, a practice audience will be compelled to offer
feedback.
A norm is a(n) ______ shared by two or more people that guides behavior.
feeling,attitude,opinion
When people are empathetic, they acknowledge the _____ of others.
feelings,thoughts
Research shows that of men and women, tend to touch more during a conversation, showing warmth and caring toward the other.
females
The bias that occurs when knowledge of previous outcomes influences decisions about the probability of future occurrences is:
hindsight bias
When you can possibly produce results that surpass goals, it is a(n):
opportunity
The decision-making model that assumes managers are fully objective and have all the data needed is the:
rational decision model
Costs and quality are criteria that are crucial in evaluating .
solution
Informal groups are commonly distinguished according to their
specific interests.
A group's roles enable it to pursue its purpose, while its roles support its interpersonal relationships. (Enter one word in each blank.)
task,maitainance
Which of the following are factors that can affect the richness of a medium?
the media type,feedback's speed,the message's channel
In the communication process, what is the information being communicated called?
the message
Team performance strategies include:
the tasks and responsibilities of the members,plans that outline exactly what the team is to do,setting goals for the team
Criteria that should be used in evaluating alternatives are:
what it will cost,whether it is ethical,whether it will solve the problem
What can an individual do to make better decisions?
Assess decision-making styles.,Examine past decisions for the influence of biases.,Develop critical thinking skills.
What is one thing managers can do to improve their decision making?
Avoid decision-making biases by becoming aware of them.
What techniques can an individual use to communicate more effectively?
Avoid miscommunication due to gender and generational differences.,Look for ways the message can be misinterpreted.,Remember that all communication is like a presentation.
What is the primary argument of the interactional perspective of organizational behavior?
Behavior is a function of interdependent person and situation factors.
True or false: Most illegal unethical acts are prosecuted.
FALSE
Which of the following statements about videoconferencing are true? (Check all that apply.)
It has a code of conduct for participating in meetings.,It provides enhanced communication over e-mail and texts.
Which of the following statements is true about team adaptive capacity? (Check all that apply.)
It is a critical element of effective, high-performing teams.,It is the ability to make needed changes in response to demands put on the team.
Daniel Kahneman describes two types of thinking in his book Thinking, Fast and Slow. Why is System 2 \slow\"?"
It is deliberate.,It helps override wrong intuition.,It is logical.
Which of the following describe a highly complex situation?
It is difficult to analyze.,It lacks clarity.
Which of the following statements describe cyber bullying?
It is more common than face-to-face bullying.,Employees who experience it at work report distress the next morning.,Its effects last over time.
Which of the following describe a low-complexity situation?
It is predictable.,It is routine.
Which of the following are examples of situation factors? (Check all that apply.)
Jin's manager gives him a new project.,Stefan and his team are laid off due to company-wide downsizing.
Which of the following are reasons why it is important to assign blame correctly? (Check all that apply.)
To keep your influence intact,To influence your behavior in the future
Which of the following are practical and effective ways for managers to use their power?
Use your power only when necessary.,Apply a larger variety of influence and political tactics.,Develop sources of personal power.
Which of the following statements about unethical behavior is true?
Very few unethical acts are illegal.
Select all that are influenced by person factors.
career,aspirations,job
OB uses both a systematic and _____ approach to understanding people.
science-based
True or false: Active listening is a form of nonverbal communication.
FALSE
The two functions of feedback are to:
instruct,motivate
Match the Principle of Persuasion in the left column with the explanation from the right.
People want information and opportunities that are hard to get,Use informal conversations to learn about others; offer sincere and timely praise and recognition,Both good and bad deeds will be repaid in kind,Get a personal commitment,People respect credible experts,Role models and peer pressure build influence
Match the element of the communication process in the left column with the correct definition from the right column.
Person who wants to communicate information,Information,The person or group for whom the message is intended,Method of communicating the message,Interference with the message
True or false: Social media are all based on a single technology.
FALSE
True or false: There are only a few situation factors that can impact an outcome when you are trying to accomplish something.
FALSE
True or false: When a manager empowers an employee, the manager simultaneously loses power.
FALSE
Which of the following statements about situation factors is true?
They are very important to your job performance.
Which of the following statements are true about work teams?
They have a common purpose.,They have a well-defined purpose.,They are usually permanent.
An opportunity to review and realign goals to serve the parties involved is a positive outcome of
conflict management.
When we ignore conflict, it is likely to:
continue or escalate
The process of producing new and useful ideas concerning products, services, processes, and procedures is .
creativity
Which of the following are ways to increase the relative effectiveness of influence tactics? (Check all that apply.)
Being credible,Being trustworthy
Research has shown that empowerment reduces what for individuals and teams?
stress
What is the last step in the communication process?
The receiver sends feedback to the sender.
Match the element of psychological empowerment in the left column with its correct meaning in the right column.
Belief that your goals align with your team and management,Personal evaluation of your ability to do your job,Sense that you have control over your work and its outcomes,Feeling that your efforts make a difference to your organization
Which of the following should be considered in assessing the feasibility of an alternative?
Does time permit? ,Are customers resistant?
Match the conflict management style in the left column with a situation appropriate for its use in the right column.
Resources and commitment from others are needed to solve a common problem ,You believe you may be wrong and preserving the relationship is important,An unpopular course of action is necessary,The potential dysfunctional effect outweighs the benefits of a solution,Goals are mutually exclusive or parties are equally powerful
When working in a virtual environment, how can people reduce ambiguity? (Check all that apply.)
Share information.,Create accountability.,Provide examples.
When feedback comes as a surprise to an employee, what might be happening on the part of the manager?
The quality of feedback is lacking.,The quantity of feedback is insufficient.
When you use power or influence, how might others respond to your wishes?
They may commit.,They may resist.,They may comply.
What can employees do to avoid surprises during performance appraisals?
Check in with managers periodically to see how things are going.,Ask managers informally for more frequent feedback.
Drag and drop the behaviors against the corresponding team competencies.
Completes work accurately and on time,Helps plan and organize work,Expects the team to succeed and cares about producing quality work,Listens to teammates and accepts feedback,Is able to make meaningful contributions to the team
Why should conflict not be avoided?
Conflict will not go away even if avoided.,Conflict can escalate even if avoided.,Conflict avoidance can lead to the loss of a promotion.
Match the style of handling conflict in the left column with the correct description in the right column.
Cooperatively identify the problem, generate and weigh alternatives, select a solution ,Smoothing it over by minimizing differences to please the other party,Ignores the other party's needs by relying on formal authority to force the solution,Passive withdrawal from the problem and suppression of the issue,Give and take, especially between peers or when they have opposite goals
What techniques can individuals use to develop power and influence?
Develop referent power.,Use position and personal power.,Match influence and political tactics to suit the situation.
In order to make meaningful contributions to groups or teams, what should you do?
Develop your teamwork competencies,Apply your knowledge to combat social loafing,Learn which individual functions of groups are most important to you
What are some of the reasons why feedback is not delivered?
Feedback is easy to put off because it takes time.,Negative feedback can make someone feel bad.,Feedback providers often lack confidence in issuing feedback.
Match the description (on the right) with the step (on the left) in the 3-Step Approach to problem solving.
Identify the problem by reviewing desired outcomes,Consider possible causes of the problem using OB knowledge,Make practical recommendations
Robert Cialdini's research identified six principles for influencing people. What ideas were these principles based on?
If your efforts align with the fundamental responses, your influence increases.,People have fundamental responses to influence attempts.
Which of the following statements about informal groups are true?
Informal groups are formed by members who share a common interest.,Informal groups are based on friendship.
Match the political tactic in the left column with the correct explanation from the right column.
Interpreting or not enforcing rules to serve your own interests,Adhering to organizational norms,Making higher-ups feel good,Creating a support system inside and outside the organization,Minimizing association with failure
Bagley's ethical decision tree shows a series of questions with appropriate actions based on the user's response. Which of the following is the first question to be asked?
Is the proposed action legal?
Which of the following are reasons one should avoid dysfunctional conflict? (Check all that apply.)
It can grow worse with time.,It can lead to broken relationships.,It can affect your job.
What are some of the perceptions that people have about organizational politics?
It decreases organizational commitment. ,It increases job stress.,It decreases job satisfaction.
What happens when conflict is allowed to continue in the workplace?
It escalates.
Match the factor that influences perception of feedback in the left column with its example from the right column.
Measure the right things in the right way,Trust the person delivering the feedback to be honest,Nobody has ever reached the goal and received the bonus,Only family members receive pay raises
Which of the following groups are more likely to communicate via digital devices?
Millennials,Gen Xers
Match the listening style in the left column with the correct explanation in the right column.
Motivated, give full attention, and participate,Reflect what is said and partially participate,Assume the speaker is responsible for the interaction,Body language includes lack of eye contact, slouching, and inattention
Match each behavior with the form of trust it builds.
People do what they say they will do and make their expectations clear.,People share information and tell the truth.,People meet their responsibilities and acknowledge others' skills and experience
Why do researchers estimate that typical listeners retain only 20-50 percent of what they hear?
People think faster than others speak.,People may not be motivated to make the effort to listen.,Underutilized cognitive processes lead to daydreaming.
Select reasons people are unethical at work.
Personal motivation to perform,Pressure from supervisor,Reward systems that offer incentives for bad behavior
Which of the following are useful tips for managing e-mail?
Prioritize 20% of e-mails and defer the other 80%.,Do not check e-mails at all hours.,Use folders and categories to organize your inbox.
The steps in the communication process include:
Receiving the message,Transmitting the message,Encoding the message
Which of the following are types of task interdependence? (Check all that apply.)
Reciprocal,Pooled,Sequential
Which of the following help avoid or reduce work-life conflict?
Sharing domestic responsibilities with a spouse and other family members,Adopting a family-supportive philosophy in the workplace
Of the following statements, which accurately describe social loafers?
Social loafers produce low-quality work.,Social loafers can distract or disrupt the work of other team members.,Social loafers expect the same rewards as other members of the team.
Which of the following helps transfer authority and responsibilities from management to employees?
Structural empowerment
Match the group task role description in the right column to the role listed on the left.
Suggests new goals or ideas,Pulls together ideas and suggestions,Documents discussions and outcomes,Tests group's accomplishments against criteria
What type of thinking is described by Daniel Kahneman as intuitive and unconscious thought?
System 1
What type of thinking is described by Daniel Kahneman as analytical and conscious thought?
System 2
True or false: Being flexible and accepting other people's ideas will increase the likelihood of your success.
TRUE
Which of the following statements are true about project teams?
Their members most often divide their time between the team and their primary jobs.,They are assembled to tackle a particular problem, task, or project. ,Their members may be from the same department of an organization.
What should managers do to help them build and lead more effective teams?
They should identify important task and maintenance roles.,They should use the group development process to reduce frustrations when working in teams.,They should evaluate employees using the three Cs of team players (commitment, collaboration, and competency).
In order to make groups and teams successful, what should managers do?
They should identify task and maintenance roles.,They should use team charters to accomplish goals.,They should build and maintain trust with and among members.
Which of the following characteristics are reflective of a coalition? (Check all that apply.)
When the issue is resolved, they disband.,They have fluid membership.,They may or may not coincide with formal organization groups.
In which of the following situations, are apologies required? (Check all that apply.)
When you need to influence the offended party in the future,When it is important to restore trust,When someone has been harmed by your actions
What type of team has the collective autonomy and responsibility to plan, manage, and execute tasks interdependently to achieve its goals?
a self-managed team
When defining a problem, you can refine and focus your definition by asking which of the following questions multiple times throughout the process?
Why is this a problem?
Select the two items that apply to a contingency approach to management.
You cannot rely on one best way.,The most effective solution is based on the situation.
What is a team called that is composed of specialists from several different areas such as finance, marketing, production and design?
a cross-functional team
A holistic hunch can be described as:
a decision that just feels right,a judgment based on subconscious synthesis of memories
What method of dispute resolution is less expensive and more constructive than traditional approaches?
alternative dispute resolution
Which of the following result from employee access to social media?
an increase in employee performance,a reduction in the amount of time spent retrieving needed information,an increase in job satisfaction and work-life balance
Which of the following are characteristics of escalating conflicts?
an increase in intensity,more negative attacks than meaningful exchanges,adopting stances that are difficult to justify
The idea that decision makers are limited by various constraints during the decision-making process is the nonrational model known as .
bounded,rationality
A technique used by groups to generate potential solutions during the decision making process is known as .
brainstorming
How can managers avoid miscommunication and ensure that employees get the intended message?
by paraphrasing and summarizing what others communicate,by being aware of linguistic difference between women and men,by learning ways to handle crucial conversations
Coaching is a customized process between two or more people with the intention of enhancing learning and motivating .
change
During the stage of group development, members are likely to be uncertain about the group's leaders and goals. (Enter one word in the blank.)
forming
The phenomenon that occurs when people who are members of a cohesive in-group so strive for unanimity that they fail to realistically appraise alternative courses of action is called .
groupthink
When people who are members of a cohesive in-group so strive for unanimity that they fail to realistically appraise alternative courses of action it is:
groupthink
Examples of internal resources that constrain decision making process in the nonrational model include:
human and social capital,technology and financial capital
Which of the following is a benefit of nonverbal communication?
more accurate interpretation of a message
The stage in Tuckman's group development process when the group resolves its power struggles in order to accomplish its goals is the ______ stage.
norming
Which of the following actions are needed to be empathetic?
noticing others' emotions,using observations about others' feelings in communications with them
Formal groups fulfill which three of the following individual functions?
reducing individuals' feelings of powerlessness,confirming a member's sense of identity,problem solving for interpersonal problems
One of the reasons that networking is a useful skill is that it provides ______ power.
referent
A decision tree can be described as:
showing the process underlying decisions,showing the consequences of making decisions
The myriad external elements that influence what we do, how we do it, and the outcomes of our actions are called
situation factors.
What type of facial expression typically represents warmth, happiness, and friendship?
smiling
The tendency for individual effort to decline as group size increases is known as ______.
social loafing
To enhance productivity, which tool may be used to collaborate and communicate with colleagues and customers?
social media
What uses web-based and mobile technologies to generate interactive dialog with members of a network?
social media
Skills dealing with human relationships and interactions are referred to as ______ skills.
soft
Problem- efforts can be adversely affected if the problem is incorrectly identified.
solve
Subgroups may form and procrastination occur during the stage of group development. (Enter one word in the blank.)
storming
Political maneuvering in organizations is triggered by uncertainty most often caused by:
strong group competition,vague performance measures,unclear objectives
The ability of a team to adapt to changes such as changing demands or the transition of members in or out of the group is:
team adaptive capacity
The group process that anonymously generates ideas or judgments from physically dispersed experts is:
the Delphi technique
When you rely on intuition, which of the following are lacking?
the evaluation of the effectiveness of the evoking cues,the conscious awareness of the evoking cues
Why should negative feedback be administered carefully?
to avoid creating defensiveness,to avoid promoting insecurity
A person's linguistic style is used in which of the following ways?
to communicate intended meaning,to assess other people,to decipher the meaning of others' communication
What are the three ways managers use evidence or data in the decision-making process?
to inform a decision,to support a decision,to make a decision
