Midterm Questions AP Euro
The ideas expressed in the excerpt are evidence of which of the following eighteenth-century trends?
Absolute monarchies limited the nobles' participation in governance but preserved the aristocracy social and legal priviligies
The approaches of humanist scholars such as Bruni led to which of the following developments in the early sixteenth century?
Christian humanists employing Renaissance learning in service of religious reform
Which of the following was NOT a direct result of the actions described in the excerpt above?
Europeans, driven by nationalist rivalries, sought direct political control of colonies
Which of the following statements best reflects the comparative assertions made by Marx and Engels?
France moved toward industrialization at a more gradual pace than Great Britain, while German states industrialized quickly after the mid-nineteenth century
Which of the following choices best explain the patterns shown in the table above?
France moved toward industrialization at a more gradual pace than Great Britain, with governmental support and less dislocation of traditional methods of production
The image above reflects which of the following historical trends?
Humanist revival of Greek and Roman texts shifted the focus of education away from theology and towards the study of classical texts
The state policy expressed by Frederick in this document was most unlike which of the following policies of his contemporary monarchs?
In France, Louis XIV and his finance minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert extended the administrative, financial, military, and religious control of the central state over the French population
Which of the following was a major contributor to the development of the consciousness that Marx attempts to galvanize this excerpt?
In industrialized areas of Europe, socioeconomic changes created divisions of labor that led to the creation of a new urban industrial working class
The idea expressed in this excerpt best reflects which of the following historical trends?
In the eighteenth century, a number of states in eastern and central Europe experimented with enlightened absolutism
Which of the following authors' writings expressed views most similar to those in the excerpt above?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Which of the following developments is best reflected in this image?
Mechanization and the factory system became the predominant modes of production by the early twentieth century
Which of the following social transformations was most likely a factor in why this factory issued the rules in the excerpt above?
Migration from rural to urban areas in industrialized regions created an inexperienced workforce
What developments in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries led Galileo to raise the concern he expresses in the passage?
New ideas and methods in science and astronomy began to emerge
The artwork above serves as evidence of which of the following?
Princes and popes, concerned with enhancing their prestige, commissioned paintings and architectural works based on classical styles that often employed the newly invented technique of geometrical perspective
In this excerpt, Calvin's writing best serves as evidence of which of the following practices?
Reformers criticized Catholic abuses and established new interpretations of the Chrisitan doctrine and practice
Based on this document, which of the following can be inferred as a significant effect of the renewed emphasis on science and reason in European culture?
Religion was increasingly viewed as a matter of private rather than public concern
What key difference between Renaissance humanists and sixteenth-century natural philosophers is best reflected in the painting above?
Renaissance humanists studied classical texts, natural philosophers observed and conducted experiments
Which of the following illustrates a major similarity between John Calvin and sixteenth century Roman Catholic popes?
Some Protestants refused to recognize the subordination of church to the state
Bruni's oration best illustrates which of the following elements of the Renaissance?
The revival of classical literature and ancient texts
What best explains the patterns of declining industrialization in China and India during the nineteenth century?
The search for raw materials and markets for manufactured goods
Which of the following was the most direct consequence of the changes promoted by Calvin?
The weakening of religious institutions during the reformation left city governments with the task of regulating public morals
Which of the following phases of the French Revolution is most directly reflected in the painting above?
a constitutional monarchy was established to increase popular participation in the government
Which of the following facilitated Rousseau's influence in the eighteenth century?
a growing literate public that led to the development of public opinion
The ideas in this excerpt most directly serve as evidence of
a new political model based on the concept of natural rights
Which of the following social classes was most directly challenged by the actions shown in the painting?
a nobility based on hierarchy and status
The Bill of Rights challenged the traditional absolutist argument that
a powerful monarchy is needed to provide political stability
Which of the following forms of government would be the least receptive to the main argument of the excerpt?
absolute monarchy
Based on the above excerpt, the Act of Supremacy best represents
an attempt by Henry VIII to impose religious reform from the top down and expand royal authority
Henry VIII used the Act of Supremacy to
assert control of religious institutions such as monasteries
Which of the following groups would least likely be concerned by Sir Robert Peel's statement?
conservatives
Which of the following most directly accounts for the population growth shown above?
higher agricultural productivity
Galileo's response to the bible-based arguments of his accusers reflects the system of thought called
humanism
The growth of urban areas during the eighteenth century was driven by
increased migration from rural areas
Exploration and colonization of the New World in the sixteenth century impacted the European balance of power by
increasing the power of Spain and Portugal
The idea expressed in the excerpt contributed to the conditions that fostered what subsequent event?
industrialization in Prussia allowed that state to become the leader of a unified Germany
Laws that sought to remedy the problem of child labor, such as the one referenced in the excerpt above, best reflects which of the following responses to industrialization?
interventionist economic policies on behalf of the less privileged
Which of the following groups worked most effectively to reform child labor in early twentieth century Europe?
interventionist liberals
Which of the following nineteenth century political responses to industrialization best addresses the concerns of Ann Eggley as expressed in the excerpt above?
interventionist social policies
Which of the following developments most likely contributed to the dissemination of the type of education described in the above excerpt?
inventions such as the printing press
Which of these events during the first half of the nineteenth century confirms Metternich's concerns?
liberal revolutionaries attempted to destroy the status quo
Which of the following ideologies best reflects the views of Mr. Payne as expressed in the excerpt above?
liberalism
Which of the following economic developments is best reflected in the passage above?
mercantilism
The excerpt above most directly reflects
monarchs' tolerance of religious pluralism in order to maintain domestic peace
Which of the following migration patterns developed as a result of the population growth shown in the chart?
people migrated from rural areas to urban areas
What was the overall effect of ideas such as those Locke expresses in the passage above?
political revolutions posed a fundamental challenge to Europe's existing political and social order
Which of the following was a significant cause of the urban population growth discussed in the excerpt?
the Agricultural Revolution produced more food using fewer workers
The Encyclopedia reflected which primary goal of the Enlightenment?
the attempt to improve institutions and society through rational inquiry
According to Diamond's argument, the most important factor for the success of European colonization of the Americas lay in
the biological and environmental advantages held by Europeans
Smith's views on labor as expressed in the excerpt are best reflected in which of the following eighteenth and nineteenth century developments?
the consumer revolution
The image above was created as an eighteenth century response to which of the following?
the erosion of traditional values in larger urban areas
Projects in the eighteenth century such as the Encyclopedia led to
the gradual development of a larger role for public opinion in Western Europe
Which of the following was an important cause in the decline of famine in Europe?
the importation and transplantation of agricultural crops from the Americas, which contributed to an increase in Europe's food supply
One social impact of the events depicted in the image was
the increase in the rate of illegitimate births in the eighteenth century
Which of the following best represents the type of education described by the author?
the study of literature and ancient texts
The excerpt above is most indicative of
the triumph of parliamentary supremacy in England in limiting royal power
Which of the following eighteenth century trends would support the argument Olympe de Goudes makes in this excerpt?
women participated enthusiastically in the early phases of the French Revolution
Rousseau's text is most unlike other Enlightenment writers because it
questioned the exclusive reliance on reason
Which of the following were institutions that aided in disseminating the new ideas of the Enlightenment?
salons and learned societies
Which of the following was a consequence of the Columbian Exchange referenced by Diamond?
European's expansion of the African Slave Trade
Rousseau's ideas in this excerpt are most like what other early modern thinker's philosophy?
John Locke
Which political theorist would most likely agree with Smith's argument about labor as expressed in the above excerpt?
John Locke
The directives expressed in this excerpt were the primary result of which of the following nineteenth century developments?
Mechanism and the factory system became the predominant modes of production
Which of the following concepts is best reflected in the excerpt?
Napoleon's defense of the ideals of the French Revolution
Which of the following nineteenth century political responses to the problems of industrialization was the most successful?
Radicals and republicans demanded universal male suffrage and full citizenship regardless of wealth and property ownership
The critiques expressed by Calvin generated which of the following broader religious changes in the sixteenth century?
The Catholic Reformation revived the Church but cemented the division within Christianity
This image best illustrates which of the following historical developments?
The division of labor led to the development of new social classes
The excerpts above most directly reflect which of the following developments?
The problems of industrialization provoked a wide range of ideological, governmental, and collective responses
This excerpt best illustrates what economic transformation in European villages during the eighteenth century?
The putting-out system, or cottage industry, expanded as increasing numbers of laborers in homes produced for markets
Besides Galileo's discoveries in astronomy, what new scientific ideas and observations arose during the period 1450-1648?
anatomical and medical discoveries presenting the body as an integrated system
What political idea did rational and empirical arguments like Locke's challenge?
divine right
Which of the following contemporaneous ideologies most directly contradicts Locke's point of view in this passage?
feudalism
Which of the following groups would be most likely to support Metternich's views?
leaders who embraced the idea that human nature was perfectible solely through God, and thus favored traditional political and religious authorities
In this excerpt, Olympe de Gouges is responding to
new arguments proposed by Enlightenment philosophes like Rousseau promoting the continued exclusion of women from political life
Which of the following pieces of evidence illustrates how non-Europeans responded to French rule during the eighteenth century?
non-Europeans, inspired by revolutionary ideas, led revolts in French colonies, with some becoming independent
The consumption of goods such as tea, sugar, and coffee
overseas products and influences contributed to the development of a consumer culture in Europe
The ideas expressed by Rousseau in this excerpt contributed heavily to
the French Revolution
The excerpt above was a response to which of the following events?
the French Wars of Religion
The type of education described in the excerpt above directly contributed to which historical development?
the Scientific Revolution
One international impact of the religious reform evidenced in the Act of Supremacy in the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries was
the effort of Hapsburg rulers to restore Catholic unity across Europe
What characteristic of political thought during the Italian Renaissance is raised by Bruni's oration?
the emphasis on secular models of individual and political behavior
