Midterm Review AP World Units 1-2 Multiple choice review
Which of the following most likely explains why the scroll was copied for a new audience in the 1350s? A: The Mongol conquests caused widespread destruction to China's irrigation system. B: The artist wanted to demonstrate the superiority of the Song dynasty over the Yuan dynasty. C: Mongols adopted and spread technological innovations from regions within their empire. D: Chinese culture had a significant influence on neighboring countries, such as Korea and Vietnam.
C: Mongols adopted and spread technological innovations from regions within their empire.
The sentiments expressed by Wila Uma in the passage most clearly illustrate which of the following aspects of the Inca state? A: The persistence of cultural diversity within the empire B: The influence of technological innovation in expanding the empire C: The importance of the Inca ruler to the empire D: The extensive territorial extent of the empire
C: The importance of the Inca ruler to the empire
The activity depicted in Image 2 best illustrates which of the following characteristics of China's economy before 1450 ? A: The influence of Confucian labor policies B: The impact of innovations borrowed from surrounding states C: The reliance on systems of peasant labor D: The dependence on trade along the Silk Roads
C: The reliance on systems of peasant labor
The excerpt above best illustrates which of the following attributes of Confucianism? A: The equality of all members of the family B: The power of wives over their husbands outside the home C: The virtues and duties of family members D: The legitimacy of selling women to worthy families
C: The virtues and duties of family members
The two dynasties whose expansions are illustrated by the images shared which of the following? A: Their rulers claimed to be descended from the Mongol ruling family of Chinggis Khan B: Their rulers were recognized as caliphs by most Muslims C: Their rulers were descended from Turkic peoples of Central Asian descent D: Their rulers claimed power by virtue of protecting Dar al-Islam from European invasion
C: Their rulers were descended from Turkic peoples of Central Asian descent
The policy toward minority religious groups described in Source 1 is most consistent with the policy toward minority religious groups in Islamic states in the period before 1450 because it A: required certain minority religious groups to pay a poll tax B: was often not strictly enforced by local officials C: granted limited personal freedom and protection D: allowed minority religious groups to use their traditional legal systems
C: granted limited personal freedom and protection
The map above indicates that A: Mali was a major source and hub of the gold trade B: slavery existed in the western Sudan C: Europeans had begun to make inroads in West Africa D: Mali remained isolated from Europe and the Middle East E: Atlantic ports were crucial for the transportation of salt and gold
A: Mali was a major source and hub of the gold trade
The map above indicates that A: Mali was a major source and hub of the gold trade B: Europeans had begun to make inroads in West Africa C: Mali remained isolated from Europe and the Middle East D: Atlantic ports were crucial for the transportation of salt and gold
A: Mali was a major source and hub of the gold trade
Image 1 best illustrates which of the following features of the Chinese economy in the period 1200 to 1450 ? A: Technological innovations increased agricultural yields. B: The government sponsored land reforms. C: Confucian policies guided the way agrarian labor was performed. D: Improvements in manufacturing techniques resulted in increased handicraft production.
A: Technological innovations increased agricultural yields.
Which of the following earlier developments contributed most directly to the importance of the Asian market during the early modern period as described by both passages? A: The commercialization of the Chinese economy under the Song and Ming dynasties B: The conquest of India by Muslim Turks and Afghans C: The increased trade along the Silk Roads encouraged by the Mongol conquests in Eurasia D: The spread of Confucian ideas to areas of East and Southeast Asia outside China
A: The commercialization of the Chinese economy under the Song and Ming dynasties
Which of the following best describes the author's claim about the Chinese examination system in the second paragraph? A: The system provided limited but important opportunities for social advancement in Chinese society. B: The system strongly reinforced rigid class distinctions between nobles and commoners in Chinese society. C: By offering opportunities to female scholars, the system elevated the prestige of women in Chinese society. D: By encouraging conformism and obedience, the system prevented efforts to reform and modernize Chinese society in the nineteenth century.
A: The system provided limited but important opportunities for social advancement in Chinese society.
The introduction by the griot is intended to serve which of the following purposes? A: To establish the griot's authority by connecting him to the past B: To exalt the Malian kings above previous dynasties C: To highlight the griot's unique abilities as compared to other griots D: To portray Mali as a progressive society that is improving on the past
A: To establish the griot's authority by connecting him to the past
All of the following developments in Song dynasty China were important factors in the accumulation of wealth outlined in the first paragraph EXCEPT A: increased Chinese involvement in the Indian Ocean trade B: an increase in agricultural production in China C: increased Chinese production of manufactured goods D: an increase in technological innovations in China
A: increased Chinese involvement in the Indian Ocean trade
The image can best be used as a source of information about the A: social prestige of established educated elites in Chinese society under Mongol rule B: influence of Christian missionaries in Mongol-controlled China C: high status of wealthy merchants in traditional Chinese society D: increased importance of Mongol Buddhism and shamanism on Chinese society under Yuan rule
A: social prestige of established educated elites in Chinese society under Mongol rule
Which of the following best explains why trade along the trans-Saharan trade networks increased in the period 1200-1450 ? A: Innovations in previously existing transportation technologies, such as the caravan, allowed merchants to carry larger loads and protect themselves. B: The introduction of new commercial technologies, such as the compass, made it easier for merchants to find their destinations in the desert. C: The expansion of banking houses made it easier for merchants to fund their commercial activities. D: Increasing literacy rates allowed merchants to develop more complex business partnerships.
A:Innovations in previously existing transportation technologies, such as the caravan, allowed merchants to carry larger loads and protect themselves.
The particular routes and timings of the voyages depicted on the maps best reflect which of the following characteristics of Omani merchants? A:Their Islamic ritual observances, which made travel difficult during the fasting period of Ramadan B: Their advanced knowledge of Indian Ocean currents and monsoon wind patterns C: Their need to avoid the routes traveled by the faster and better-armed Portuguese trading ships D: Their control of the sources of grain needed by Chinese and East African cities
B: Their advanced knowledge of Indian Ocean currents and monsoon wind patterns
Which of the following statements from the second paragraph most directly supports the claim that the examination system strengthened the Chinese states? A: The statement that most successful candidates "required a measure of economic support that was simply not available to poor people" B: The statement that "when an old dynasty was replaced by a new, the latter usually undertook an early revival of the examination system practically unchanged" C: The statement that "the examinations not only produced officials loyal to the state but also, at times, resentful rejected applicants who opposed the system" D: The statement that "the very idea that everyone should be eligible for the examinations . . . was incomparably forward-looking in its day"
B: The statement that "when an old dynasty was replaced by a new, the latter usually undertook an early revival of the examination system practically unchanged"
Which of the following historical continuities is best reflected in the image? A: Chinese art reflected European methods of painting. B: Chinese art continued to emphasize traditional subjects and styles. C: Chinese art incorporated elements of Central Asian nomadic life. D: Chinese art continued to stress the importance of technological innovation.
B: Chinese art continued to emphasize traditional subjects and styles.
Which of the following factors best explains the distribution of Muslim populations shown on the map above? A: Religious pilgrimages B: Merchant activity C: Imperialism D: Forced migration
B: Merchant activity
The photograph above of a mosque (first erected in the fourteenth century) in the modern-day West African country of Mali best exemplifies which of the following historical processes? A: Imposition of religion through military conquest B: Spread of religion along trade routes C: Abandonment of indigenous cultural styles in the face of colonization D: Conflict between local and universalizing religions
B: Spread of religion along trade routes
Which of the following best explains a development in the trans-Saharan trade networks in the period 1200-1450 ? A: The networks became more dangerous because of religious conflict between Christian and Muslim states. B: The geographic range of the networks increased because of improved commercial practices. C: The networks were increasingly disrupted because of the growing importance of maritime commerce. D: The value of merchandise along the networks increased because of demand for silver and bronze from Muslim states in North Africa and the Middle East.
B: The geographic range of the networks increased because of improved commercial practices.
The passage by al-Khatib best illustrates which of the following? A: The literary tradition of long-distance travelers in the Islamic world B: The growth of scientific thought and innovation in Muslim Spain C: The impact of Christian attempts to reconquer Spain from the Muslims D:The efforts of Islamic missionaries to spread their faith along trade routes
B: The growth of scientific thought and innovation in Muslim Spain
Which of the following best explains an effect of the expansion of the Mali Empire on the trans-Saharan trade networks? A: It led to an increase in trade by imposing the merchant-friendly religion of Islam on its subjects. B: It expanded commerce by establishing maritime as well as overland connections with the Swahili states of East Africa. C: It facilitated commercial growth by expanding the number of people participating in the trade networks. D:It expanded commercial activity by promoting scientific and cultural exchange.
C: It facilitated commercial growth by expanding the number of people participating in the trade networks.
Which of the following best describes how European labor systems before 1450 differed from the Chinese labor system depicted in the two images? A: European labor systems did not rely as much on women and children. B: European labor systems placed a greater emphasis on plantation cash crops. C: European labor systems were dominated by urban artisans. D: European labor systems were more likely to utilize serfdom.
D: European labor systems were more likely to utilize serfdom.
In addition to China, the cultural tradition alluded to in Liu Guandao's painting strongly influenced the society and culture of A: the Ottoman Empire B: India C: Persia D: Korea
D: Korea
All of the following statements about nomadic empires in the period 1200-1700 are factually accurate. Which statement most likely explains why Tamerlane's empire rapidly declined in the late fifteenth century? A: Nomadic empires contained numerous ethnic and religious groups within their territories. B: Nomadic empires frequently sought to control key trade routes in order to secure access to luxury goods. C: Nomadic empires often used the governmental systems of sedentary societies to rule agricultural regions. D: Nomadic empires typically contained numerous tribes and confederations that were difficult to control.
D: Nomadic empires typically contained numerous tribes and confederations that were difficult to control.