mini quiz exam 3 psych

Broca's area

A lesion in this part of the brain would most likely result in a disruption of language expression.

the book was never purchased

Events that are forgotten are like books that cannot be found in a library. Which of the following scenarios can BEST be used to explain the encoding problem?

200

If 10-year-old Monica had responded to the original Stanford-Binet with the proficiency of an average 20-year-old adult, she would be said to have an IQ of

a measure of sports intelligence; a measure of natural athleticism.

In a study not discussed in lecture, when White and Black participants played a game of miniature golf, the White participants outperformed Black participants when the game was framed as _________, but Black participants outperformed White participants when the game was framed as ___________

outnumber girls in special education classes

In terms of gender differences in intellectual abilities, boys

A.the ability to learn from experience. B.the ability to solve problems. C.the ability to use knowledge to adapt to new situations.

Intelligence can be defined as a mental quality that consists of

hippocampus

Lara is trying to remember events from her life as an 18-month-old. However, as hard as she might try, she has no conscious memory for anything that occurred before her third birthday. This is likely due to the fact that her ______________, which is involved in storing explicit memories, was not fully developed at that age

2 word stage, 2 yrs old

Martha says things like "me go," "mama bye," and "dada go." She is in the _______ stage and is most likely a _____.

fixation

One major obstacle to problem solving is _______________, which is the inability to see a problem from a fresh perspective.

false

People are asked to estimate how old they believe the woman below is. Based on the anchoring effect, if they are first asked to indicate if she is older or younger than 70 (Group A), their estimation would be less than people asked to first indicate if she is older or younger than 60 (Group B).

blink less & use fewer first person pronouns

People who are lying tend to

get drunk

Ralph came home quite drunk from the party on Saturday night. Luckily he was given a ride home. After walking in the door he threw his apartment keys down somewhere and immediately fell asleep. The next morning he can't find his keys. Based on retrieval cues and priming, Ralph needs to ______ in order to find his keys

holistic healer

Sarah loves to listen to New Age music and faithfully reads her horoscope each day. In her spare time, she enjoys aromatherapy and attending a local spirituality group. Based on the representativeness heuristic people are more likely to predict that Sarah is a

math problem solving; verbal fluency

Stereotype threat is most likely to depress female students' performance on a difficult ____________ test and to depress male students' performance on a difficult ____________ test

uncomfortable

Strangers placed in male-female heterosexual pairs were instructed to stare into each other's eyes for two minutes. They reported feeling

person's gait

The Biomotion lab uses point-light walkers (dot outlines of different people walking) and found that people can accurately guess gender, age, and possibly sexual orientation just from a _______

morpheme

The ___________ is the smallest unit of language that carries meaning

availability heuristic

The easier it is for a person to remember a circumstance in which a friend betrayed him, the more he expects such an event to recur. This best illustrates the impact of

facial feedback hypothesis

The idea that changes in people's facial expressions can lead to changes in their emotional states is most consistent with _____.

positive

There is _____ correlation between intelligence scores and brain size (especially the frontal and parietal lopes)

think

To expand language is to expand the ability to ______________.

confirmation bias

To solve a problem, sometimes we resort to trial and error. If we want a guaranteed solution, we may follow a(n) ____________, which is a step-by-step procedure.

look at the outside corners of their eyes

To tell if a person is flashing a DuchenneSmile

creativity

University students who focus on the interest and challenge of their schoolwork, rather than on simply meeting deadlines and securing good grades, are especially likely to demonstrate

A.tastes, smells, or sights that were part of the original context when the memory was encoded. B.associations formed when the memory was encoded. C.experiences or words associated with the memory.

We use retrieval cues to access target information. The best retrieval cues are the

belief perseverance

When Judy's professor failed to recognize that Judy had her hand raised to answer a question, Judy began to think her professor was unfriendly. Judy later learned that the professor's limited vision kept him from seeing her raised hand, but she continued to think he was unfriendly. Judy's reaction best illustrates

framing

Whether a message stresses potential gains or potential losses is ___________.

a rapid initial decline in retention becoming stable thereafter

Which of the following best describes the typical forgetting curve?

A.Anxiety, irritation, and guilt all prompt similar physiological reactivity. B.In one particular study 1/3 of the innocent would have been declared guilty by a polygraph expert. C.In one particular study 1/4 of the guilty would have been declared innocent by a polygraph expert

Why should we not rely on polygraph tests as evidence?

sitting in living room w friends

You are watching a funny movie. In what situation will you smile the most?

false

You should use a heuristic if do not want to make an error and have plenty of time.

She is LESS at risk for Alzheimer's disease than same-aged women who showed LESS verbal ability

Your 75-year-old aunt has been a nun all her life. In her teens, she wrote essays that indicated she had HIGH verbal abilities. What can you predict about your aunt's cognitive function as she ages?

they have very similar gray matter volume

Your sister's identical twin sons are participating in a research study that includes MRI scans. The MRI findings will most likely indicate that

fast; slow

______ = heuristic; ______ = algorithm

Analytical intelligence

______________ is assessed by intelligence tests, which present well-defined problems having a single right answer.

Practical intelligence

_______________ is often required for everyday tasks, which are frequently ill-defined, with multiple solutions.

Chomsky

_______________ maintains that our capacity for developing language is natural and quick because we come equipped with a language acquisition device.

jealousy

According to lecture, all of the following are included in the six "primary" emotions that are recognizable across cultures, EXCEPT _____

general intelligence (g) factor

Adam is a bright young man, who scored very high on both the Critical Reading and Mathematics sections of the SAT. He is an excellent map-reader and his reasoning abilities are fantastic. According to Spearman, what is likely underlying these abilities?

misinformation effect

After being verbally threatened by a person in a passing car, Teresa was asked if she recognized the MAN who was driving the car. Several hours later, Teresa mistakenly recalled that the driver was a MAN rather than a WOMAN. Teresa's experience best illustrates

Cannon-Bard theory

Alone in the woods, you hear a noise. You think you see a bear coming towards you. Your heart starts pounding and, at the same time, you realize you are experiencing fear. This sequence of events is best explained by which theory of emotion?

aptitude test; achievement test

An _____________ measures a person's capacity to learn, whereas an _____________ measures what a person has already learned.

become MORE like their biological parents

As adopted children get older, their intelligence scores

James-Lange theory

As she was riding her bicycle down a hill, Wendy hit a large rock and started to lose her balance. She managed to come to a stop without falling. Once she was stopped, she noticed her heart was racing and she was shaking. After that, she realized she was frightened.Which theory of emotion best explains this sequence of events?

110

At age 16, Angel's intelligence score was 110. What will her score probably be at age 32?

takes her on long trips to other countries.

Bruce wants to foster creativity in his daughter, therefore he

long-term potentiation

Coined by Gary Lynch, this prolonged strengthening of potential neural firing is believed to be the basis for learning and memory and is known as

a single correct answer; multiple answers

Convergent thinking is to _________________as divergent thinking is to _________________

proactive interference

During an evening Spanish language exam, Janice easily remembers the French vocabulary she studied that morning. However, she finds it difficult to recall the Spanish vocabulary she rehearsed that afternoon. Her difficulty best illustrates