mis chap 5 dsm
New applications, mergers and acquisitions, and changes in business volume all affect computer workload and must be considered when planning hardware capacity. Which of the following best describes the term scalability?
When dealing with platform and infrastructure change, scalability refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a large number of users without breaking down.
Instead of buying and installing software programs, subscribing companies rent the same functions from these services, with users paying on either a subscription or per-transaction basis. The scenario describes which kind of external software source?
A cloud-based software service
__________ can be used to determine how much to spend on IT infrastructure and where to make strategic infrastructure investments.
A competitive forces model
In the past, software such as Microsoft Word or Adobe Illustrator came in a box and was designed to operate on a single machine. Today, you're more likely to download the software from the vendor's website or to use the software as a cloud service delivered over the Internet and pay a subscription fee. Which of the following best describes a cloud-based software service?
Cloud-based software and the data it uses are hosted on powerful servers in data centers and can be accessed with an Internet connection and a standard Web browser.
IT infrastructure today is composed of seven major components: Internet platforms, computer hardware platforms, operating systems platforms, enterprise software applications, networking/telecommunications, consultants and systems integrators, and data management and storage. Which component is responsible for organizing and managing the firm's data so that they can be efficiently accessed and used?
Data management and storage
The________ deals with the exponential decrease in the cost of storing data, stating that the number of kilobytes of data that can be stored on magnetic media for $1 roughly doubles every 15 months.
Law of Mass Digital Storage
According to the leading open source professional association, OpenSource.org, open source software is free and can be modified by users. __________ is an operating system created by the open source community.
Linux
Which of the following statements best describes nanotechnology?
Nanotechnology uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices that are thousands of times smaller than current technologies permit.
The U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) defines cloud computing as being on-demand, ubiquitous, location-independent, elastic, and use based pricing. __________ is cloud computing services from remote providers where users either pay only for the amount of computing power they actually use or are billed on a monthly or annual subscription basis.
On-demand computing
IT infrastructure today is composed of seven major components: Internet platforms, computer hardware platforms, operating systems platforms, enterprise software applications, networking/telecommunications, consultants and systems integrators, and data management and storage. Microsoft Windows, Unix, Linux, Mac OS X, Chrome, Android, and iOS are all examples of which component?
Operating systems platforms
Cloud computing has three different types of services: Infrastructure as a service (IaaS), Software as a service (SaaS), and Platform as a service (PaaS). Google G Suite is an example of ________.
SaaS
Cloud computing has three different types of services: Infrastructure as a service (IaaS), Software as a service (SaaS), and Platform as a service (PaaS). Which of the following consist(s) of services for delivering and providing access to software remotely as a Web-based service?
Software as a service
The actual cost of owning technology resources includes the original cost of acquiring and installing hardware and software as well as ongoing administration costs for hardware and software upgrades, maintenance, technical support, training, and even utility and real estate costs for running and housing the technology. __________ can be used to analyze direct and indirect costs to help firms determine the actual cost of specific technology implementations.
The total cost of ownership (TCO) model
A server or mainframe can be configured to run many instances of an operating system (or different operating systems) so that it acts like many different machines. __________ organizes computing resources so that their use is not restricted by physical configuration or geographic location.
Virtualization
Virtualization enables a single physical resource (such as a server or a storage device) to appear to the user as multiple logical resources. Which of the following best describes virtualization?
Virtualization organizes computing resources so that their use is not restricted by physical configuration or geographic location.
The Java platform has migrated into mobile phones, tablets, automobiles, music players, game machines, and set-top cable television systems serving interactive content and pay-per-view services. Java is __________.
an operating system- and hardware-independent programming language that is the leading interactive programming environment for the Web
One way to reduce power requirements and hardware sprawl is to use more efficient and power-saving processors. Contemporary microprocessors now feature multiple processor cores on a single chip. Which of the following best describes a multicore processor?
A multicore processor is a microprocessor to which two or more processing cores have been attached for enhanced performance.
In 1965, the mainframe computer truly came into its own with the introduction of the IBM 360 series. The 360 was the first commercial computer that could provide time sharing, multitasking, and virtual memory in more advanced models. Which of the following is characteristic of the mainframe era?
Highly centralized computing
An IT infrastructure includes investment in hardware, software, and services—such as consulting, education, and training—that are shared across the entire firm or across entire business units in the firm. _________ consists of a set of physical devices and software applications that are required to operate the entire enterprise.
IT infrastructure
An IT infrastructure includes investment in hardware, software, and services—such as consulting, education, and training—that are shared across the entire firm or across entire business units in the firm. Which of the following best defines IT infrastructure?
IT infrastructure is the shared technology resources that provide the platform for the firm's specific information system applications.
The appearance of the IBM PC in 1981 is usually considered the beginning of the PC era because this machine was the first to be widely adopted by businesses. At first using the DOS operating system, a text-based command language, and later the Microsoft Windows operating system became the standard desktop personal computer. Which of the following has been a major threat to the Wintel dominance as a computer platform in recent years?
Increasing iPhone and Android device sales
IT infrastructure today is composed of seven major components: Internet platforms, computer hardware platforms, operating systems platforms, enterprise software applications, networking/telecommunications, consultants and systems integrators, and data management and storage. Which of the following are examples of an operating systems platform?
Microsoft Windows, Unix, Linux, MacOS, and Chrome
The U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) defines cloud computing as being on-demand, ubiquitous, location-independent, elastic, and use based pricing. These clouds are either private or public. Which of the following types of cloud computing is owned and maintained by a cloud service provider and made available to the general public or an industry group?
Public cloud
The appearance of the IBM PC in 1981 is usually considered the beginning of the PC era because this machine was the first to be widely adopted by businesses. At first using the DOS operating system, a text-based command language, and later the Microsoft Windows operating system became the standard desktop personal computer. Which of the following is defined as Windows operating system software on a computer with an Intel microprocessor?
Wintel PC
Cloud computing is a model of computing in which computer processing, storage, software, and other services are virtualized resources. These "clouds" of computing resources can be accessed on an as-needed basis from any connected device and location. When firms and individuals obtain computing power and software as services over a network, including the Internet, rather than purchasing and installing the hardware and software on their own computers, it is called __________.
cloud computing
The total cost of ownership (TCO) includes costs for hardware, software, installation, training, support, maintenance, infrastructure, downtime, space and energy. When Samsung's smartphones overheated and caught on fire, the company had to recall 2.5 million devices. This example demonstrates the ________ component of the TCO model.
downtime
Linux is the most well known open source software. It's an operating system related to Unix that was created by Finnish programmer Linus Torvalds in 1991. Linux applications are embedded in cell phones, smartphones, tablet computers, and consumer electronics. The ________ trend has profound implications for corporate software platforms because it reduces costs, improves reliability, and increases resilience
open source software
As firms grow, they often quickly outgrow their infrastructure. As firms shrink, they can get stuck with excessive infrastructure purchased in better times. When dealing with platform and infrastructure change, __________ refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a large number of users without breaking down.
scalability
Dollar Rent A Car's systems allows customers to rent their cars using Soutwest Airline's website. Although both companies' systems are based on different technology platforms, a person booking a flight on Southwest.com can reserve a car from Dollar without leaving the airline's website. Different applications can use ________ to communicate with each other in a standard way without time-consuming custom coding.
web services
The foundation technology for web services is XML, which stands for Extensible Markup Language. This language was developed in 1996 by the World Wide Web Consortium as a more powerful and flexible markup language than hypertext markup language (HTML) for web pages. Whereas HTML is limited to describing how data should be presented in the form of web pages, XML can perform presentation, communication, and storage of data. Which of the following refers to loosely coupled software components based on open Web standards that work with any application software and operating system?
web services