Mkg 310 ch 2

What are factors that creates problems in literal translations and slang expressions?

A. differences in the direction in which written words are read B. symbolic meanings associated with words C. absence of some words from various languages D. difficulty of pronouncing certain words

Marie has purchased a brand that she has purchased before. However, the first time she used this brand, the product failed and she was dissatisfied. Unfortunately, the second time she purchased this brand, the same thing happened. She's frustrated and wants her money back, but she doesn't feel as though she has any control over this situation. She's decided that she just needs to accept this poor quality and not expect so much from the next product she purchases. Marie can be described as a(n) ______. A. individualist B. fatalist C. collectivist D. cooperativist E. other-oriented consumer

B. fatalist

Which of the following country tends to value individualism over collectivism? A. Mexico B. India C. United States D. Korea E. Japan

C. United States

Which of the following statements regarding the masculine/feminine value is FALSE? A. Basically, we live in a masculine-oriented world. B. The roles of women are changing and expanding throughout much of the world. C. Women in South Korea frequently participate more in sports and exercise than men. D. Many Japanese women feel guilty preparing frozen vegetables in a microwave rather than preparing fresh vegetables. E. Traditional and modern segments with regard to this value exist simultaneously in many cultures, so marketers must adapt not only across but within cultures.

C. Women in South Korea frequently participate more in sports and exercise than men.

Robert is fifteen years old and has recently moved to a new town, and therefore, a new high school. He was trying to get accepted by a group of kids that he wanted to be friends with. When they asked him to attend a party over the weekend, he said he'd have to ask his parents for permission. This group of students laughed at him and called him a "momma's boy" and told him he can't be one of them because they don't ask parents for permission, they just do what they want. This social disapproval of Robert's behavior is an example of a(n) _____. A. norm B. violation C. sanction D. precept E. edict

C. sanction

Before a marketer can successfully launch a brand in a foreign country, several nonverbal communication factors need to be understood. One of these factors is time, and international marketers must understand a culture's overall orientation toward time. This is known as a culture's _____. A. time meaning B. time interpretation C. time perspective D. time relationship E. time symbolism

C. time perspective

Which culture has traditionally valued the wisdom that comes with age? A. American B. Australian C. British D. European E. Asian

D. European

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding cross-cultural marketing? A. Marketing across cultural boundaries is a difficult and challenging task. B. Increasingly, globalization means mutual influence as products, brands, cultures, and values move back and forth across the world. C. There are both subtle and direct ethical issues involved in international marketing. D. While marketing strategy is heavily influenced by cultural factors, it does not influence aspects of cultures. E. Cultures may differ in demographics, languages, nonverbal communications, and values.

D. While marketing strategy is heavily influenced by cultural factors, it does not influence aspects of cultures.

The fact that Americans are prone to engage in physical activities and to take an action-oriented approach to problems can be explained through which self-oriented value dichotomy? A. sensual gratification/abstinence B. competitive/cooperative C. diversity/uniformity D. active/passive E. age/youth

D. active/passive

Jake is in the market for a new car. He's looking at brands such as Mercedes, Lexus, and BMW because he feels they tell other people that he's successful in life. This is an illustration of which value? A. collectivism B. youth C. masculine D. individualism E. active

D. individualism

In Germany, one concern retailers have is ensuring that cash drawers have enough money to make change when consumers make purchases. One company went so far as to use a computerized model that monitored the weight of the cash drawer and signaled a need for replenishment. This is such a concern because consumers typically use cash to make purchases, which differs from other countries, such as the U.S., where credit card use is more common. Which cultural value does this illustrate? A. hard work/leisure B. competitive/cooperative C. material/nonmaterial D. postponed gratification/immediate gratification E. sensual gratification/abstinence

D. postponed gratification/immediate gratification

_____ values prescribe a society's relationship to its economic and technological as well as its physical environment.

Environment-oriented

_____ represents generally accepted ways of behaving in social situations.

Etiquette

What is the basis for virtually all societies? A. family unit B. government C. schools D. religion E. workplace

Family unit

Violation of cultural norms results in _____, or penalties ranging from mild social disapproval to banishment from the group.

Sanctions

What are factors influencing nonverbal communications?

Things, relationships, space, symbols, agreements, etiquette (EDWARD HALL)

A culture's overall orientation toward time is known as its _____.

Time perspective

Dale has to write a research report about Poland in his International Marketing class. One aspect he must learn about the country is its size, structure, and distribution. What does this represent? A. psychographics B. geography C. demographics D. economics E. lifestyles

demographics

What are the cultural factors that affects consumer behavior and marketing strategy?

demographics language value nonverbal communications

The United States is comprised of a culture that accepts a wide array of personal behaviors and attitudes, foods, dress, and other products and services. Thus, the United States values _____.

diversity

Monochronic

do one thing at a time and concentrates on one job, takes deadline seriously

What is meshi

exchange of business cards

Feel they don't have outcome over event

fatalistic

James used his birthday money to buy a skateboard so that he can be out with his friends at the park skateboarding. Which type of materialism does this represent? A. primary B. secondary C. terminal D. instrumental E. means-end

instrumental- enables one to do something

What is the largest single influence on the movement toward uniformity in the global youth market? A. mass media B. education C. work D. travel E. religion

mass media

What enables the growth of the global cultural

mass media, travel, work, education

2 ways time varied through countries

monochronic and polychronic

The boundaries that culture sets on behavior are called _____. _____ are rules that specify or prohibit certain behaviors in specific situations.

norms

_____ values reflect a society's view of the appropriate relationships between individuals and groups within that society.

other-oriented

What are the 3 basic cultural values?

other-oriented self-oriented environment-oriented

A culture that tends to view time as being less discrete and less subject to scheduling, views simultaneous involvement in many activities as natural, allows activities to occur at their own pace rather than according to a predetermined timetable is adhering to a _____ time perspective. A. polychronic B. monochronic C. linear D. parallel E. simultaneous

polychronic

Using one marketing strategy across various cultures is referred to as _____.

standardization

2 types of materialism

terminal, instumental

John and his wife love art and travel the world to purchase artwork that is representative of a country's culture. Which type of materialism does this represent? A. terminal B. instrumental C. cultural D. primary E. secondary

terminal- of item just for the sake of owning the item itself

risk taking/security value

to tolerance for ambiguity and uncertainty avoidance strong influence on entrepreneurship and economic development as well as new-product acceptance

Sam has learned that a country to which his company desires to expand places a high value on cleanliness and admires nature immensely. Which category of cultural values does this represent? A. other-oriented B. self-oriented C. environment-oriented D. externally-oriented E. internally-oriented

C. environment-oriented

Asian societies (i.e., Japan) value collective activity. That is, consumers look toward others for guidance in purchase decisions and do not respond favorably to promotional appeals focusing on individualism. Which category of cultural values does this represent? A. internally-oriented B. environment-oriented C. other-oriented D. self-oriented E. group-oriented

C. other-oriented

In which country is the concept of guanxi, which involves personal relationships, an important consideration? A. United States B. Canada C. China D. India E. Saudi Arabia

China

What are considered a symbol that has varying meaning across cultures?

Colors, animals, shapes, numbers, music if you dont reconige can cause trouble

_____ is the complex whole that includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by humans as members of society.

Cultural

15. Marketers that wish to expand internationally need to understand a culture's widely held beliefs that affirm what is desirable. To do this, marketers should study _____.

Cultural values

Norms are derived from _____. A. cultural values B. laws C. education D. international protocol E. law enforcement officials

Cultural values

In the United States, promptness is considered a virtue. Americans are expected to be on time to an event, and they expect others to do so as well. Which aspect of culture best explains this behavior? A. Culture is a simple concept. B. Culture is something one is born with. C. Culture is unique to each individual in a society. D. Culture is time-bound. E. Culture is acquired, that is, it is learned.

E. Culture is acquired, that is, it is learned.

Which one of the four segments of world citizens feels positively about international brands because they view them as a signal of higher quality?

Global citizens

Which one of the four segments of world citizens feels positively about international brands, value their symbolic aspects, and are less concerned about corporate responsibility?

Global dreamers

_____ are the arbitrary meanings a culture assigns actions, events, and things other than words.

Nonverbal communications system

The nearness that others can come to you in various situations without your feeling uncomfortable is known as _____.

Personal space

_____ refers to the degree to which people accept inequality in power, authority, status, and wealth as natural or inherent in society.

Power distance

_____ is based on the cost of a standard market basket of products bought in each country.

Purchasing power parity (PPP)

_____ values reflect the objectives and approaches to life that the individual members of society find desirable.

Self-oriented