Mngt. Ch. 12: Managing Human Talent (Exam 3)
A selection device that collects information about the applicant's education, previous work experience, and other background characteristics
application form
The most frequently used selection devices are the ____________________.
application form, interview, and employment test
recruiting
Activities or practices that define the desired characteristics of applicants for specific jobs; sometimes called talent acquisition
RJPs contribute to:
greater employee satisfaction and lower turnover because they facilitate matching individuals, jobs, and organizations
___________________ has emerged as a central topic of concern not only for human resource managers but for all managers searching for ways to keep their organizations thriving in the fast-changing, competitive environment of the early twenty-first century.
talent management
What factors are causing changing the social contract?
globalization, outsourcing, hyper-competition, and other volatile changes in the environment
An arrangement whereby, usually a high school or college student, exchanges his or her services for the opportunity to gain work experience and see whether a particular career is appealing
internship
3 levels of Accentures/SAP model
level 3 (career dev/human capital strategy/recruiting/appraisals/workforce planning) contributes to.... level 2 (productivity/quality/innovation/superior customer service) contributes to... level 1 (revenue growth/ROIC/total return to shareholders)
A recent trend is 360-degree feedback, which uses
multiple raters, including self-rating, to appraise employee performance and guide development
The halo effect
occurs when a manager gives an employee the same rating on all dimensions of the job, even though performance may be good on some dimensions and poor on others.
development means...
teaching people broader skills that are not only useful in their present jobs but also prepare them for greater responsibilities in future jobs
The general term training is typically used to refer to...
teaching people how to perform tasks related to their present jobs
Research has found that effective HRM and the alignment of HR strategies with the organization's strategic direction have a positive impact on____________
performance including higher employee productivity and stronger financial results
Employment tests range from
personality profiles to proficiency testing in specific skills required for a position
Performance review ranking systems, sometimes called "rank and yank," are increasingly being criticized because they tend to
pit employees against one another rather than promoting cooperation and teamwork.
Performance appraisal is the
process of observing and evaluating an employee's performance, recording the assessment, and providing feedback
current strategic issues of particular concern to managers includes:
-Hiring the right people to become more competitive on a global basis -Hiring the right people for improving quality, innovation, and customer service -Knowing the right people to retain after mergers, acquisitions, or downsizing -Hiring the right people to apply new information technology (IT) for mobile business (All of these strategic decisions determine a company's need for skills and employees)
Pre-hire testing is a billion-dollar industry today. Managers can measure and analyze the personality and behavioral characteristics of their top performers and use customized assessments to see how applicants compare to the ideal employee This method is used by a family vacation planning company called
Delaware North
The Strategic Role of HRM Is to
Drive Organizational Performance
realistic job preview (RJP)
Gives applicants all pertinent and realistic information, both positive and negative, about a job and the organization.
A recent Global Recruiting Trends Report from LinkedIn surveyed 3,300 talent acquisition managers around the globe and found that...
HR recruiters are becoming more social, mobile, and data-driven. Recruiters have historically had little data on external candidates, but professional social media can provide recruiters with an immense amount of data, such as work experience, skills, certifications, achievements, connections, and education. The report indicates that 39 percent of recruiters list social and professional networks as their number-one long-lasting recruiting trend
Finding the "right people" includes...
HRM planning job analysis forecasting recruiting selecting
"You are our sustainability edge!" is the new slogan to bring employees on board for sustainability used by____________.
HSBC bank "You have a voice in sustainability. You own this project. You are our sustainability edge."
Tesla Motors and other automakers aren't the only firms fighting for talent: Airlines are included....
severe pilot shortage as the retirement of thousands of airline pilots collides with an increase in air travel and new FAA rules requiring expanded training for new pilots and longer rest times for pilots of passenger airlines. The problem isn't going away anytime soon, as analysts predict more than 2,600 pilot retirements at major airlines in 2020, compared with 560 retirements in 2012
One issue of growing concern is ___________, which is also a violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act
sexual harassment
to enhance internal recruiting, Sara Lee Corporation (now Hillshire Brands) identified....
six functional areas and 24 significant skills that it wanted its finance executives to develop The company tracked managers on their development and moved them into other positions to help them acquire the needed skills
_________________ used blind hiring to bring in a new junior copywriter, asking the 50 or so applicants to create an Instagram campaign for a specific product
Levenson Group, a Dallas-based advertising firm Paul McEnany, chief product officer, hired a young woman just out of college who hadn't studied marketing and had no experience
______________'s 265,000 employees help customers with remodeling, building, and gardening ideas at its 1,840 stores. They cut lumber, blinds, pipe, and chains; thread pipes; assemble items; provide computer project design and landscape garden design; match paint colors; teach how-to clinics; and offer many other services
Lowes Managers know that providing superior customer service depends on human capital, so they invest in finding the best people
The office of Alterra LLC, a pest services company in Provo, Utah, has a...
NCAA regulation-size basketball court, a TruGolf simulator, and a 90-inch television. Food trucks come by regularly and treat the staff to free food. "It makes me feel like I am at the most elite pest company there is,"
acqui-hiring
When established companies such as Facebook, Google, Yahoo, LinkedIn, and Salesforce.com buy early-stage start-ups, often shutting them down, simply to acquire their engineering talent
Stereotyping
a performance evaluation error that occurs when a manager places an employee into a class or category based on one or a few traits or characteristics.
behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS)
a performance evaluation technique that relates an employee's performance to specific job-related incidents Each job performance scale is anchored with specific behavioral statements that describe varying degrees of performance. By relating employee performance to specific incidents, raters can more accurately evaluate an employee's performance
Campbell Soup Company and some other organizations let people ________________.
complete an online exit questionnaire so they can express their complaints or ideas freely, without having to talk face to face with a manager.
Smart managers know that _________________ are the company—if they don't perform well, the company doesn't stand a chance of succeeding
employees
Managing talent includes...
training development appraisal
CEO Reed Hastings of Netflix says of his company:
"We're a team; not a family." many companies are encouraging employees to take charge of their career - not just stick to one job - new workforce likes to move around
Many organizations, including KPMG International, IBM, Microsoft, and Lockheed Martin, have set up
"alumni social networks" so that people who have left the organization can keep in touch with former colleagues and the industry. McKinsey & Company has operated an alumni network since the 1960s
Internships are an increasingly popular approach to recruiting because they provide a way to ________________.
"test-drive" a potential employee.
Discrimination
(1) Making hiring and promotion decisions based on criteria that are not job-relevant (2) When someone acts out their negative attitudes toward people who are the targets of their prejudice.
biographical questions behavioral questions situational or case questions
1. ask about the person's previous life and work experiences 2. ask people to describe how they have performed a certain task or handled a particular problem 3. require people to describe how they might handle a hypothetical situation.
The strategic approach to HRM recognizes three key elements:
1) all managers are involved in managing human resources 2) employees are viewed as assets. No strategy can be implemented effectively without the right people to put it into action (competitive edge) 3)HRM is a matching process, integrating the organization's strategy and goals with the correct approach to managing human capital
three primary goals of HRM
1. Find the right people 2. Manage talent 3. Maintain an effective workforce
California, for example, requires that companies with _____________ or more employees provide sexual harassment training for all employees every two years
50 Businesses and managers may agree or disagree with these laws depending on how the laws affect the recruitment and treatment of their employees
Yahoo bought ____________ in less than three years, partly to acquire the talent
52 start-ups; adding about 3,000 acqui-hires
job description
A concise summary of the specific tasks and responsibilities of a position
exit interview
A discussion conducted with departing employees to determine reasons for their departure and learn about potential problems in the organization
matching model
A human resources (HR) approach in which the organization and the individual attempt to match each other's needs, interests, and values.
on-the-job training (OJT)
A process in which an experienced employee is asked to teach a new employee how to perform job duties (most common method of training)
wage and salary surveys
A questionnaire that shows what other organizations pay incumbents in jobs that match a sample of key jobs selected by the organization
Employment tests
A test given to employees to evaluate their abilities; can include cognitive ability tests, physical ability tests, personality inventories, and other assessments
compensation
All monetary payments and all non-monetary goods or benefits used to reward employees
corporate university
An in-house training and development facility that offers broad-based learning opportunities for employees Ex: McDonald's Hamburger University
panel interviews
An interview in which the candidate meets with several interviewers who take turns asking questions
Structured interviews
An interview that uses a set of standardized questions that are asked of every applicant so comparisons can be made easily biographical questions behavioral questions situational or case questions
The Changing Social Contract refers to...
Another current issue: the changing nature of careers and a shift in the relationship between employers and employees
The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) created by the _________________
Civil Rights Act of 1964 it initiates investigations in response to complaints concerning discrimination
Media and online entertainment company IGN takes an innovative approach to recruiting via internships...
Code Foo challenge in 2011, 75,000 people viewed the application, 104 applied, and 30 were selected to participate "We don't care about your official credentials. In fact, we won't even accept a resume. You do need to be able to code—and be passionate about IGN."
Tesla Motors Inc
Elon Musk put out an urgent call on Twitter for "hard-core software engineers" to work on Tesla's autonomous car project, known as Autopilot To meet its ambitious growth goals, Tesla needs to add people faster than smaller start-ups do. The company expanded from only 899 employees at the end of 2010 to more 14,000 by the end of 2015, and Musk has plans to add 4,500 more in California alone over the next four years.
blind hiring
Focuses managers on an applicant's job skills and performance rather than educational credentials, appearance, or prior experience
New social contract
Individuals are responsible for developing their own skills and abilities and demonstrating their value to the organization. The employer, in turn, invests in creative training and development opportunities so that people will be more employable when the company no longer needs their services. This means offering challenging work assignments, opportunities to participate in decision making, and access to information and resources
Internal recruiting (like promote-from-within policies) has two major advantages:
It is less costly than an external search it generates higher employee commitment, development, and satisfaction because it offers opportunities for career advancement to employees rather than outsiders
Nearly half of all interns at ________________ join the company full-time at the end of their internships.
Nationwide Interns aren't always offered a job with the company, but experts say that internships are more closely tied to permanent hiring today than ever before
job specification
Outlines the knowledge, skills, education, physical abilities, and other characteristics needed to perform a specific job adequately
extreme interviewing test job candidates' ability to handle problems, cope with change, think on their feet, and work well with others. Danielle Bemoras found herself in a joint interview with a rival candidate when she applied for a job with SceneTap...
Rather than trying to upstage her competitor, Bemoras was respectful and helpful, an approach that won her an internship, followed by a full-time job offer
Affirmative action
Requires that employers take positive steps to guarantee equal employment opportunities for people within protected groups
Rather than spending weeks making hiring decisions, companies such as _____________________ are using fast track hiring to bring on new employees in a matter of days or even hours
Return Path Inc., Chipotle, and AppDynamics
software and services company, _____________, used a framework developed by Accenture to revise human capital processes
SAP The idea is to show how investments in human capital contribute to stronger organizational performance and better financial results
employer brand
Similar to a product brand, except that rather than promoting a specific product, its aim is to make an organization seem like a highly desirable place to work crucial because the most skilled and knowledgeable employees are in short supply and great demand
Job evaluation
The process of determining the value of jobs within an organization through an examination of job content
Job analysis
The systematic process of gathering and interpreting information about the essential duties, tasks, and responsibilities of a job
Pay-for-performance
Tying at least a portion of compensation to employee effort and performance. Also called incentive pay.
Social learning
Using social media tools to network and learn informally
Human resource planning begins with several big-picture questions:
What new technologies are emerging, and how will these affect the work system? How much is the volume of the business likely to change in the next five to ten years? What is the turnover rate, and how much, if any, is avoidable?
When symphony orchestras began using anonymous auditions, employing a curtain to shield auditioning musicians from the view of the evaluating committee, some interesting results occurred:
With the use of curtains, the likelihood that female musicians advanced to further tryout rounds increased by 50 percent. Today, almost 40 percent of musicians at major U.S. orchestras are women, a dramatic increase from the days before curtains were used
In 2016, the governor of Mississippi signed a controversial "religious freedom bill" that would...
allow religious groups and some private businesses to refuse to serve gay customers based on personal faith Companies such as Nissan, Tyson Foods, MGM Resorts, and Toyota, which employ large numbers of people in the state, have denounced the new bill
EEO legislation attempts to...
balance the pay given to men and women provide employment opportunities without regard to race, religion, national origin, and gender ensure fair treatment for employees of all ages avoid discrimination against disabled individuals
One way to overcome evaluation errors is to use a
behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS),
Another unusual type of test, called a ________________, is being used by companies that put a premium on innovativeness and problem solving. The answers aren't as important as how the applicant goes about solving the problem.
brain teaser
Workplace expert Lynda Gratton says that
building trust is more important than loyalty today, when "serial career monogamy" is the order for many young employees, who are continually evaluating whether their work is meaningful and challenging and fits with their lives
In 2011, the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) filed its first lawsuit related to social media when it filed suit on behalf of Dawnmarie Souza, who was...
fired because of a comment she made on Facebook
Managers around the world often cite ____________ as the top factor in maintaining competitive success, which reflects the critical role of managing talent.
human capital
The economic value of the combined knowledge, experience, skills, and capabilities of employees
human capital
Top Three Factors for Maintaining Competitive Success (based on survey of 1700 CEOs around the world)
human capital: 71% customer relationships: 66% product and service innovations: 52%
The design and application of formal systems to ensure the effective and efficient use of human talent to accomplish organizational goals.
human resource management (HRM) This includes activities undertaken to attract, develop, and maintain an effective workforce
The forecasting of human resource needs and the projected matching of individuals with anticipated job vacancies
human resource planning
The first step in finding the right people is_____________
human resource planning, in which managers or HRM professionals predict the need for new employees based on the types of vacancies that exist
3 Basic building blocks of HRM include:
job analysis job descriptions job specifications
The most common approach to employee compensation is job-based pay, which means linking compensation to the specific tasks an employee performs. However, these systems present several problems....
job-based pay may fail to reward the type of learning behavior needed for the organization to adapt and survive in a turbulent environment. reinforces an emphasis on organizational hierarchy and centralized decision making and control, which are inconsistent with the growing emphasis on employee participation and increased responsibility
Underlying the organization's effort to attract employees is a __________________
matching model
A conversation where the interviewer asks broad, open-ended questions and permits the applicant to talk freely with minimal interruption, in an attempt to bring to light information, attitudes, and behavioral characteristics that might be concealed when answering structured questions
nondirective interview
Training magazine's most recent "Industry Report" shows that organizations spent some $70.6 billion on formal training and development programs in 2015, but...
not all training is equally effective in keeping employees motivated and productive
REI's generous rewards
people take home an extra 5% to 15% of their base pay thanks to a profit sharing plan. REI also pays most of the health insurance costs for employees working at least 20 hours a week and offers tuition reimbursement so people can continue their education. Every employee gets two "Yay Days" each year to go out and play. They can use the paid time off to "try something new, challenge themselves in a favorite activity, or work on an outdoor stewardship project."
Skill/competency-based pay systems are increasingly popular in both large and small companies. Employees with higher skill levels receive higher pay than those with lower skill levels. This encourages.....
people to develop their skills and competencies, thus making them more valuable to the organization, as well as more employable if they leave their current jobs.
hospitals often ask job applicants to work a shift or two as part of a ____________.
realistic job preview (RJP) The trial run allows both the applicant and the hospital's staff to determine whether the job candidate is a good fit for this challenging work environment
The second step in finding the right people is to use__________
recruiting procedures to communicate with potential applicants
Over the past 15 years, most HR managers have used the term, ________________.
rewards or total rewards rather than compensation, this includes a broad range of rewards such as wages and salaries, incentive payments, bonuses, and benefits such as health insurance, paid vacations, or other benefits
The third step in finding the right people is to______________
select from the applicants believed to be the best potential contributors to the organization Finally, the new employees are welcomed into the organization
The process of assessing the skills, abilities, and other attributes of applicants in an attempt to determine the fit between the job and each applicant's characteristics.
selection
the old social contract between organization and employee:
the employee could contribute ability, education, loyalty, and commitment and expect in return that the company would provide wages and benefits, work, advancement, and training throughout the employee's working life
Maintaining an Effective Workforce includes...
wages and salary benefits labor relations terminations
In line with EEO guidelines, the application form should not ask questions that will create an adverse impact on protected groups unless the questions are clearly related to the job... For example, employers should not ask...
whether the applicant rents or owns his or her own home because... (1) an applicant's response might adversely affect his or her chances at the job (2) minorities and women may be less likely to own a home (3) home ownership is probably unrelated to job performance