MNGT CH 14
Which of the following describes the concept of workplace behavior? A pattern of action by the members of an organization that directly or indirectly influences organizational effectiveness Anything that detracts from, rather than contribute to, organizational performance The total set of work-related behaviors that the organization expects the individual to display Contributions made beyond job-related tasks and expectations
A pattern of action by the members of an organization that directly or indirectly influences organizational effectiveness
Although Payal loves her job, she does not see any potential for long-term growth. She knows that to be promoted, she likely will have to look outside of the company, even though she would rather not. Payal is experiencing _____. organizational commitment job dissatisfaction negative affectivity cognitive dissonance
Cognitive dissonance
When L'Meese is feeling stressed, she often will go to the gym at lunch. What effect on stress would exercise offer L'Meese? Confidence and optimism Time management skills Susceptibility to illness Support from groups
Confidence and optimism
Jinhoon is always happy at work, and he is always ready to volunteer to help others. Even when there is a problem, he looks for the best outcome. What can be said about Jinhoon's attitude at work? He has a high degree of positive affectivity. He has a high degree of selective perception. He has a low degree of empathy. He often experiences cognitive dissonance.
He has a high degree of positive affectivity
Hua enjoys his job and the company he works for. Hua frequently volunteers for projects, and he actively looks for ways to contribute. He even volunteers at company-sponsored events on the weekend. What can be said about Hua and his work for the company? He has a low level of organizational commitment. He has a high degree of self-efficacy. He has a high level of organizational engagement. He has an external locus of control.
He has a high level of organization engagement
Nila's manager is rational and nonemotional, and Nila thinks he occasionally lies to attain personal goals. Which personality trait might Nila's manager have? High Machiavellianism High self-esteem High emotional intelligence High risk propensity
High Machiavellianism
What is the relationship between high levels of satisfaction and job performance? High levels of satisfaction lead to higher performance. Low levels of satisfaction can lead to higher levels of contribution. High levels of satisfaction might have no relationship to performance. Low levels of satisfaction may result in an employee staying at an organization too long.
High levels of satisfaction might have no relationship to performance.
Geert had to arrange for office equipment maintenance from a new provider. He spoke with a customer service rep who addressed all his issues in a polite and informative manner. After the call, he told his colleague, "I like that company. The rep I spoke to was terrific. That is one of the best firms I've dealt with. I plan to call them whenever we need our equipment serviced." Which statement represents the intentional component of Geert's attitude toward this company? That is one of the best firms I've dealt with. The rep I spoke to was terrific. I plan to call them whenever we need our equipment serviced. I like that company.
I plan to call them whenever we need our equipment serviced
Amina has been working on a project, but she now feels stuck. She decided to take a walk and let the project go for a while because she feels this is when she does her best thinking. Which stage of the creative process is Amina in? Insight Incubation Verification Preparation
Incubation
While salary is important to her, Olesia is most satisfied with the recognition she receives for her efforts on a cross-departmental work team. Her supervisor and team leader have both expressed the company's gratitude for her contributions and praise for her performance. Which aspect of the physiological contract does Olesia value? Inducements Individual difference Contributions Benefits
Inducements
Mikel's group was struggling to design a key component of a new device. After struggling for months on how to achieve one key requirement of the new device, Mikel had an aha moment and was able to resolve the issue. The product development team is in which stage of the creative process? Insight Incubation Verification Preparation
Insight
Marah likes to start large projects immediately and get them done. Ozlem likes to think about her projects for a while before starting them. When Marah and Ozlem were asked to work together on a project, both experienced stress. What was this stress due to? Role demands Task demands Interpersonal demands Physical demands
Interpersonal demands
In terms of emotional intelligence, what should people be high in so that they can effectively guide their own lives and behaviors? Motivating oneself Self-awareness Social skill Managing emotionsWhich of the following is true of attribution? It is dependent on consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness. It is the process of categorizing people on the basis of a single attribute. It is higher in people with more negative affectivity. It is the process of screening out information that we are uncomfortable with.
It is dependent on consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness.
Which of the following best describes organizational citizenship? It is the behavior of individuals that indicates the unwillingness to work beyond the basic standards of a job. It is the behavior of individuals that detracts from, rather than contributes to, organizational performance. It is the behavior of individuals that makes a positive overall contribution to an organization. It is the behavior of individuals that leads to increased turnover in an organization.
It is the behavior of individuals that makes a positive overall contribution to an organization.
Ahmed knows his project is important to the department and the organization. Since it is due on Monday, Ahmed decided to review it once more over the weekend to make sure it is perfect. Which type of contribution is Ahmed making toward the organization? Agreeableness Loyalty to the organization Extraversion Individual differences
Loyalty to the organization
What should be the goal for an organization when it is experiencing high absenteeism? Require high standards of organizational citizenship. Minimize feigned absenteeism. Improve morale. Have people voluntarily choose to leave the organization.
Minimize feigned absenteeism.
Jewel recently completed a personality profile and learned she has high degrees of extraversion, intuition, feelings, and judging characteristics. Which test did Jewel take? Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Big Five personality Emotional intelligence (EQ) Person-job fit
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
Darien has always been excitable. His reactive nature and tendency to be anxious in unpredictable situations make it difficult for him to handle job stress in a productive manner. Which personality trait affects Darien's performance in times of uncertainty? Extraversion Neuroticism Openness Conscientiousness
Neuroticism
To the extent that stereotyping affects a manager's hiring practices, which of the following statements is true? The manager is reducing conflict. It is not illegal, but it is unethical. In some circumstances, it can be ethical. The manager is costing the organization valuable talent.Which is an attitude that reflects an individual's identification with and attachment to the organization itself? Job satisfaction Negative affectivity Cognitive dissonance Organizational commitment
Organizational commitment
Jolanta has been offered a promotion, and she will be leading the new product development team. Before her new position starts, Jolanta is being sent to training, and that training will concentrate in business. Which aspect of the creative process is Jolanta pursuing? Preparation Insight Incubation Verification
Preparation
Where are performance behaviors derived from? Cognitive abilities Perception and attribution Interpersonal demands Psychological contract
Psychological contract
Raul's team often faces pressing deadlines. Last Thursday, the entire team stayed late to complete an important assignment, even though they were tired and frustrated. On Thursday, the team members were most likely in which stage of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS)? Preparation Resistance Exhaustion Alarm
Resistance
Aviva is generally short with people and always seems to be in a bad mood. However, she just got a raise, and today, Aviva seems rather positive for a change. What can be said about Aviva's attitude? She has a moderate degree of attribution awareness. She has a high degree of negative affectivity. She has a moderate degree of positive affectivity. She has a strong degree of selective perception.
She has a high degree of negative affectivity
Teresita needs to hire a new office manager. Which of the following is an illegal application of stereotyping? Teresita wants to hire someone from outside the organization to get fresh ideas on how to run the office. Teresita wants to hire a woman because she believes that women are better able to multitask than are men. Teresita wants to hire someone who has a college degree, as she feels that a degree is a better predictor of job performance. Teresita wants to promote someone from within the organization because she feels such a person would better understand how the office runs.
Teresita wants to hire a woman because she believes that women are better able to multitask than are men.
Which of the following is likely to occur when an organization has high absenteeism? Morale will improve. Organizational citizenship declines. The quantity or quality of output is likely to suffer. Turnover will have to be better managed.
The quantity or quality of output is likely to suffer.
Which of the following is true of people who are extraverts? They are willing to change their own ideas as a result of new information. They are disorganized, careless, and irresponsible. They are sociable, talkative, and assertive. They are gentle, cooperative, forgiving, and understanding.
They are socialable, talkative, and assertive
Which of the following is true of contributions? They include job security and recognition. They are what an organization provides to the individual. They satisfy various needs and requirements of an organization. They are what an individual provides to the organization.
They are what an individual provides to the organization
Which of the following is true of performance behaviors? They can always be easily measured. They derive from the psychological contract. They can always be narrowly defined. They are not influenced by intuition.
They derive from the psychological contract.
Petra has lost four employees this year, and she has now learned that Julien, her most creative designer, is leaving the company. Petra needs to focus on the cause of which organizational behavior? Performance Citizenship Turnover Absenteeism
Turnover
Kaia seems to be very competitive, and she has a sense of time urgency. She is often aggressive with others and impatient. Kaia seems to be under stress often. Which type of personality does Kaia have? Highly self-aware Negative affectivity Type B Type A
Type A
It has been very hot this summer, and the air conditioning in Marah's office is not working properly. It is hot in the office to the point that it has become difficult for people to focus on their work. This stressor is which type of demand? Role Task Physical InterpersonalWhich of the following is true of Type A and Type B individuals? Type A individuals are less devoted to work than Type B individuals. Type A individuals are less competitive than Type B individuals. Type B individuals are more likely to be work oriented than Type A individuals. Type B individuals have a weaker sense of time urgency than Type A individuals.
Type B individuals have a weaker sense of time urgency than Type A individuals
Tariq's development team is in the process of validating a key feature of a product design. The product development team is in which stage of the creative process? Insight Incubation Verification Preparation
Verification
Which type of organizational behavior includes absenteeism and turnover? Performance Attribution Citizenship Withdrawal
Withdrawal
Bernice took a job as a ticket taker at the baseball stadium. She has to arrive two hours before each event to work the gate. Once the game reaches the bottom of the third inning, her gate is closed, and she can go in to watch the rest of the game. Which intangible inducement is the organization offering Bernice? Ability to watch live games Loyalty to the organization A good hourly wage Opportunities for advancement
ability to watch live games
Which component of an attitude reflects the feelings a person has toward a situation? Intentional Cognitive Positive affectivity Affective
affective
Julian has been given a new account with a difficult client. Julian is highly agreeable and typically has good working relationships with others. Which personality trait does Julian have that will potentially extend to his relationship with this customer? Neuroticism Agreeableness Openness Conscientiousness
agreeableness
Raj thought he had another week, but he just found out that he has to submit the performance evaluations for his entire staff by 10:00 tomorrow morning. If he misses this deadline, not only will it reflect poorly on him, but his staff members will not be eligible for the annual bonus. Raj is starting to panic because he does not know how he can possibly complete that many evaluations in one night. Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is Raj in? Preparation Resistance Exhaustion Alarm
alarm
Avec noticed her coworker yawning all morning, and she assumed it was because the coworker went out with other colleagues last night and didn't get enough sleep. What is the mechanism through which Avec formed this opinion? Consistency Consensus Attribution Stereotyping
attribution
Jinhua has worked with a client in the past that he feels can be very difficult. When preparing for his upcoming meeting with that client, which component of attitude might Jinhua have? Machiavellianism Cognitive Authoritarianism Affective
cognitive
Which of the following best describes attitudes? How an individual expects to behave toward or in the situation Knowledge an individual has about a situation Complexes of beliefs and feelings that people have about specific ideas, situations, or other people Feelings and emotions an individual has toward a situation
complexes of beliefs and feelings that people have about specific ideas, situations, or other people
Raphael is always late for meetings, and Zereth is concerned he will also be late for the client meeting tomorrow, even though he knows the entire account is dependent on the success of the meeting. The basis for Zereth's assessment of Raphael's behavior is _____. consistency consensus distinctiveness stereotyping
consistency
Apoorva works in the marketing department of a major insurance company located in her hometown. She finds her work very satisfying. Due to her attitude, Apoorva is likely to have a high level of _____. contribution stress performance absenteeism
contribution
Dana has a reputation for being creative. Colleagues have noticed that Dana is skilled at seeing similarities between different situations, and applying those lessons to come up with new ideas. This skill is known as _____. convergent thinking insightful thinking cognitive thinking divergent thinking
convergent thinking
What is the ability of an individual to generate new ideas or to conceive of new perspectives on existing ideas? Convergent thinking Insight Creativity Divergent thinking
creativity
Which of the following stressors is a task demand? Poorly designed office Role ambiguity Critical decisions Conflicting personalities
critical decisions
Which of the following is an indication that a person is unfulfilled by their work? Dissatisfaction Intentional component of attitude Cognitive dissonance Emotional intelligence
dissatisfaction
Byron observes that one of his employees always refuses to look him in the eye when Byron is speaking to him. Later, Byron sees that this employee does not look other people in the eye either. Byron decides that the employee is not disrespectful of him, but rather that he must have difficulty making eye contact with people. Byron makes this attribution based on _____. distinctiveness consistency stereotyping consensus
distinctiveness
What is the skill that allows people to see differences among situations, phenomena, or events? Convergent thinking Insight Creativity Divergent thinking
divergent thinking
In order to get ahead, Stan gave some of his colleagues incorrect project specs. Their work did not meet the requirements for the project, and his was the only one that was acceptable. This is an example of _____. performance behavior turnover workplace behavior dysfunctional behavior
dysfunctional behavior
Theft and sabotage are examples of _____. performance behaviors turnover workplace behaviors dysfunctional behaviors
dysfunctional behaviors
Which term refers to the extent to which people are self-aware, manage their emotions, motivate themselves, express empathy for others, and possess social skills? Neuroticism Emotional intelligence Individual difference Locus of control
emotional intelligence
One of Nour's strengths as a manager is her ability to understand how her staff members are feeling, even without being explicitly told. This allows her to anticipate and prevent some conflicts from arising. This ability reflects strength in which dimension of emotional intelligence? Social skill Self-awareness Empathy Managing emotions
empathy
Turnover occurs when_____. workers demonstrate low productivity a person does not show up for work workers intentionally perform work at a slow speed employees quit their jobs
employees quit their jobs
Which of the following is least likely to be considered a work-related stressor? Role demands Environmental demands Interpersonal demands Physical demands
environmental demands
Melissa called in sick so she could go to a baseball game. The cause of her absenteeism is _____. feigned perceived withdrawn legitimate
feigned
Bianca just learned that Julien, her most creative designer, is leaving the company. As her mind races through the challenge ahead of her, Bianca has begun to inventory the qualifications she will have to satisfy in her search for a replacement. To find someone with the creativity needed for the job, Bianca will want to look for a candidate who _____. prefers collaborative work has a reticent personality has strong analytical skills is attracted to simplicity
has strong analytical skills
Which of the following is a medical consequence of too much negative stress? Depression Sleep disturbances Alcohol or drug abuse Headaches
headaches
The second phase of the creative process, during which there is less intense conscious concentration and ideas mature and develop, is called _____. insight preparation verification incubation
incubation
What are the psychological, emotional, and physical attributes that vary from person to person called? Person-job fit Individual differences Contributions Inducements
individual differences
Which component of an attitude reflects how an individual expects to behave toward or in the situation? Cognitive Intentional Working Affective
intentional
Which of the following describes cognitive dissonance? It is the conflict individuals may experience among their own attitudes. It is the extent to which people believe that their behavior has a real effect on what happens to them. It refers to a person's ability to manage multiple tasks and to consistently meet deadlines. It is a person's beliefs about his or her capabilities to perform a task.
it is the conflict individuals may experience among their own attitudes
Sushil knows it is important to manage her stress, and she has started to incorporate time management skills into her daily routine. Which of the following will help Sushil with her time management goals? Using vacation planning to relieve stress Going out for a run during lunch breaks Making a list of things to accomplish each day Taking short naps each afternoon
making a list of things to accomplish each day
Compared to Type A individuals, Type B individuals are ______. less able to work at a constant pace more likely to be very work oriented more likely to have a relaxed approach to life more likely to be aggressive
more likely to have a relaxed approach to life
Dorina seems to invent problems where they do not exist. Even when given an ample budget and a roomy schedule, she warns that she may not be able to finish on time and points out all the areas where things could go wrong or come in over budget. Dorina has a high degree of _____. negative affectivity cognitive dissonance organizational commitment authoritarianism
negative affectivity
Polani was hired specifically because of her unique skills and track record of success. Based on the psychological contract, what are the expectations of the employer? The ability to change the psychological contract Strong personal attributes The use of those skills on the new job Agreeableness
not 100% sure
Dajhia has always been good with change, and she has a broad interest in others. She is curious, imaginative, and creative. Which of the Big Five personality traits is Dajhia considered to be high in? Openness Extraversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness
openness
Which Big Five personality trait refers to a person's rigidity of beliefs and range of interests? Conscientiousness Agreeableness Extraversion Openness
openness
Even though Aisha enjoys her work, she does not see herself as a long-term member of the organization. She knows she will eventually want to relocate to be closer to family. Aisha has a low level of _____. self-efficacy absenteeism job satisfaction organizational commitment
organizational commitment
Which of the following is an example of an inducement? Pay Effort Loyalty Skill
pay
What is the set of processes by which an individual becomes aware of and interprets information about his or her environment? Openness Cognition Extraversion Perception
perception
Which of the following refers to the extent to which the contributions made by the individual match the inducements offered by the organization? Contributions Psychological contract Competencies Person-job fit
person-job fit
Destani is very open to new ideas, and she has a high degree of energy. She is also independent and has a lot of self-confidence. Which attribute of creativity does this describe? Personal traits Background experiences Cognitive abilities Divergent thinking
personal traits
What are the relatively stable set of psychological attributes that distinguish one person from another? Personality Emotional intelligence Conscientiousness Machiavellianism
personality
As an emergency room doctor, Ozlem works nights and weekends for two weeks, then is assigned to daytime shifts for the next two weeks. Which type of stressor is associated with shift work? Role Physical Interpersonal Task
physical
It has been very hot this summer, and the air conditioning in Marah's office is not working properly. It is hot in the office to the point that it has become difficult for people to focus on their work. This stressor is which type of demand? Role Task Physical Interpersonal
physical
Ramon was recently promoted, but he is occasionally overwhelmed by some of his work because he lacks experience, and he is now unhappy about his job. He has shared this with his manager. What can his manager do to restore the psychological contract? Provide a pay raise. Terminate his employment. Provide training. Reexamine the person-job fit.
provide training
Eli just finished a successful interview process, and he was offered the job. He has expectations about the work and how well he can do his job, and his new manager also has expectations about what Eli will be able to contribute. Which of the following describe these sets of expectations on both Eli's part and the part of the employer? Inducement Psychological contract Contribution Person-job fit
psychological contract
Which of the following would inhibit creative efforts in an organization? Communicating that creativity is valued Punishing creative failures Making creativity part of the organization's culture Setting explicit goals regarding creativity
punishing creative failures
Bhavik is rarely confident in Anke's work. He knows it usually needs to be reviewed and changed. Sometimes she doesn't even use spell check. Last week, a client called to tell Bhavik what a great job Anke did on her proposal. When preparing Anke's performance review, selective perception might cause Bhavik to _____. consciously seek evidence that contradicts this information attribute the cause of the client's feedback to gender attribute the cause of team errors to Anke quickly forget evidence of Anke's high-quality work
quickly forget evidence of Anke's high-quality work
Mable was chosen to lead a project where she has to deal with a lot of unknowns and take chances in order to meet its goals. Which personality trait will aid Mabel in her ability to succeed on this project? Risk propensity Self-efficacy Extraversion Self-esteem
risk propensity
Manoj is considered by many to be a catalyst for innovation in his organization. He is always willing to try new ideas and gamble on new products. Which aspect of personality describes Manoj's feeling about taking chances? Risk propensity Self-esteem Self-awareness Authoritarianism
risk propensity
Azim was promoted to a new position, and he is required to travel at least one week per month. However, he has a new child and does not want to leave for that long, or that often. Which type of stressor is Azim experiencing? Interpersonal Task Role Physical
role
A manager who has a very negative image of a particular employee overlooks instances of high-quality work from that employee. This is due to _____. recency error stereotyping cognitive dissonance selective perception
selective perception
In addition to stereotyping, what is one of the most basic perceptual processes we use? Selective perception Low distinctiveness Creativity Attributions
selective perception
Which of the following refers to an individual's belief about his or her capabilities to perform a task? Self-efficacy Self esteem Risk propensity Machiavellianism
self-efficacy
Sabine wants to encourage creativity in her department. Which of the following will help her achieve that? Setting explicit goals Encouraging cautiousness Punishing failure Avoiding conflict
setting explicit goals
Steve was in a car accident in which the driver of the car behind him, a 75-year-old man, did not see him stop for the red light and hit Steve's car. Ever since that accident, Steve has believed that people over 70 should not be allowed to drive. This is an example of _____. negative affectivity stereotyping consensus selective perception
stereotyping
Ugar is interviewing candidates, and he is paying special attention to their communication skills. He believes communication skills are critical for this position. Which of the following is Ugar using as part of his selection process? Cognitive dissonance Stereotyping Consensus Selective perception
stereotyping
Ramkumar is already working under a tight deadline, and his client just changed the job specifications. What are the strong stimuli that are causing Ramkumar additional stress called? Stressors Perceptions Stereotypes Attributions
stressors
To the extent that stereotyping affects a manager's hiring practices, which of the following statements is true? The manager is reducing conflict. It is not illegal, but it is unethical. In some circumstances, it can be ethical. The manager is costing the organization valuable talent.
the manager is costing the organization valuable talent
During which stage of the creative process would the development of a product or service prototype be done? Preparation Verification Insight Incubation
verification
Last Thursday, the day before an important assignment was due, Tanya called in sick. This is not the first time that she has not shown up for work at a critical time. Which behavior of Tanya's is a workplace behavior that makes it difficult for her team to accomplish its goals? Performance Citizenship Turnover Absenteeism
Absenteeism
Which of the following is an indication of positive organizational citizenship behavior? Acceptable quality work Being helpful and committed to organizational success Being able to make deadlines High performance levels
Being helpful and committed to organizational success
Which of the following can be considered as someone's ability to multitask on the job? Openness Intuitiveness Conscientiousness Locus of control
Conscientiousness
Which of the following is an example of a contribution that an employee provides to an organization? Career opportunities Job security Loyalty to the firm Compensation and benefits
Loyalty to the firm
What is the result when we experience an optimal level of stress? Pressure Motivation Aggressiveness Stagnation
Motivation
Which of the following serves to weaken organizational commitment? Seeing oneself as an outsider A sense of job security Participation in decision making An individual's age
seeing oneself as an outsider
Lupita has always been at an appropriate weight for her height. She believes that because she does not have a weight issue, the doctor was incorrect when she told Lupita she needed to change her diet. This is an example of _____. negative affectivity stereotyping attribution selective perception
selective perception
In terms of emotional intelligence, what should people be high in so that they can effectively guide their own lives and behaviors? Motivating oneself Self-awareness Social skill Managing emotions
self-awarness
Dezmon maintains a high degree of confidence in the accuracy and quality of his work. Dezmon has a high level of _____. authoritarianism self-efficacy self-esteem locus of control
self-efficacy
