mod 2 Behavioral Challenges of Autism
Which of the following is an example of stereotyped behavior?
Flapping hands repetitively
what is the formula for behavioral issues in children with autism?
Lack of social skills ←→ expectations of the social world ← → resulting in behavioral issues. *this works in a circular loop
- social and emotional reciprocity
they dont engage back and forth with other children and don't like playing with them bc they lack social and emotional skills? they don't know how to make friends and have trouble predicting what other people think and feel.
small units of behavior
work with behavior changes SLOWLY AND SMALLY TOWARDS A BIGGER GOAL.
what is an intervention to address for insistence on sameness?
do flexibility training.
flexibility training****
gradually teach the individual to accept small changes and graduate to bigger ones using picture schedules and reinforcement rewards for accepting the changes.
evidence based treatment ***
have to make individualized plans that are based on science and not just random things we heard
value of behavioral goals
is the goals rational in terms of the problem behavior the child has and wants to improve on?
data for decisions
look at data to make decisions
enviornmental management **
manage a good environment for the learner to make good progress
scripts
phrases or sentences a child with Autism picks up from their environment. They would use that script they learned to fit into a situation they're in to communicate or self stimulate, whether it be used appropriately or inappropriately.
what is an intervention to address repetitive behaviors?
prevent downtime where they wont get the opportunity to engage in it since they are being productive with something else. and response blocking- block the behavior before it happens and put another activity or reinforcement right after.
delayed echolalia
repeating something they heard from a long time ago
the BCBA created essential practice elements (to guide the formulation and implementation of treatment plans)- there are 11 practice elements of ABA:
1. supervision 2. family involvement 3. freq assessment 4. treatment fidelity 5. evidence based treatment 6. function based treatment 7. environmental management 8. data for decisions 9. small units of behavior 10. value of behavioral goals 11. comprehensive assessment
Why can't intervention plans be duplicated for different individuals?
Because each individual's behavior and circumstances are unique
Why is pica dangerous?
Because it can cause illness or injury
Why is difficulty communicating sometimes a trigger for problem behavior?
Because the person is not able to express what they want
Intervention plans should be:
Data-based, ethical, and closely monitored
What are harmful reinforcers?
Harmful to health
supervision
RBT must be supervised by a BCBA
Immediate echolalia is:
Saying what was just heard over and over: like during a intervention session and repeating the RBT saying "good job" x30
functional assessments
The goal is to determine and identify where, when, and why the challenging behavior is occurring.
Why is frequent assessment important when implementing an intervention plan?
To make adjustments as necessary
When looking at someone with Autism, it could be hard for you to ask yourself why is this happening to this little child? why is this child doing this to themselves? INSTEAD, ask___
WHAT are the reasons why people with Autism act like that? WHAT are the neurological differences, learning history, or reinforcers that are encouraging this out of normal behavior in the child with Autism?
Which of the following can be said about the uniqueness of people with autism?
While they may share some characteristics, people with autism are different from each other.
Which of the following statements reflects the most important consideration when addressing challenging behaviors? a. Punishment is usually the first line of intervention and can be very effective. b. The reinforcement of other behavior is always effective and should be used first. c. Behavioral interventions take time to work and must continue for months before progress is seen. d. In order to be effective, interventions must be based on behavioral function.
d. In order to be effective, interventions must be based on behavioral function.
what things do children with autism have deficits in ? and what other charateristics do they have in general?
deficits in: - social and emotional reciprocity - nonverbal communication skills (*******facial expressions don't match the situation) - concept of relationships in general: - restrictive interests - sameness/ rituals (restrictive interest) - fixated/ intense interest (restrictive interest) - hyper/ hypo reactive
True or False: People with autism experience the same level of intensity of symptoms.
false
what is an intervention to address aggression?
first then contingencies response blocking response cost
do children with autism understand long phrases or say long things?
they only understand short phrases and words and can only follow directions if its shorter. If they want to go to the park, they would say I want to go to the "desert" instead of "sand" to mean that they want to"play at the playground." Instead keep directions short and simple, example: "go to the hall, and stand behind mary"= line up!
comprehensive assessments
this has to be done before the interventions/ goals are established.
function based treatment **
treatment of the behavior has to CONNECT with the function of the behavior. what is a replacement behavior to implement that serves the same function as the problem behavior?
True or False: Least-restrictive procedures are usually the first choice of intervention.
true
treatment fidelity*****
we have to be dedicated and give interventions consistently to make results
freq assessment
we have to freq assess to make adjustments to interventions
family involvement
we have to train families to be able to maintain the interventions we implemented with their kid to use it for the future.