Model 2 Quiz Questions

Negative reinforcement is __

strengthening a behavior by contingently withdrawing something displeasing

Jack, one of your subordinates, seems to care so much about being liked that he rarely states strong opinions in meetings of your department. Based on this, Jack probably has a ____.

strong need for affiliation

Kara is a very likable employee. Recently, her boss rated her at the highest level in all areas of performance, even though in some areas her performance did not warrant this judgement. This is an example of ____ perceptual error.

Halo

Belinda takes on the role of ___; she tends to mediate conflict through humor

Harmonizer

On the first day of class, Professor Sharif explains what the goals of the course are and what he expects of his students. This represents ___ of effective performance management.

Step 1: Defining Performance

Sydney takes over as CEO of Sandstorm Jeans, a company on the verge of bankruptcy. She institutes radical changes and eliminates 35% of the positions. Even after this, the remaining employees resist her ideas. This represent the ___ stage; it is a team of testing.

Storming

A neutral and trained third party can guide others to find innovative solutions to conflict. To ensure neutrality, most organizations hired ADR qualified outsiders. In this case, ___ is one who does not render a decision. Rather, it is up to the parties to the conflict to reach a mutually acceptable decision

A mediator

_____ theory holds that people are motivated to behave in ways that produce desired combinations of expected outcomes.

Expectancy

Group members tend to be uncertain and anxious about such unknowns as their roles, the people in charge, and the group's goals during the _____ stage.

Forming

Conflict is considered to be dysfunctional when it __

Hinders organizational performance

When issues are complex, better solutions are needed, commitment is needed, and time is available, the ____ conflict-handling style is appropriate

Integrating

What tip should be used by managers to reduce personality conflict?

Investigate and document conflict amount your own subordinates

You're working hard at your desk getting ready for a presentation where a colleague stops in unexpectedly with some disturbing information about the upcoming labor union negotiations. You want to drop everything and get into a heated discussion about the upcoming negotiations but instead you do what to help prepare yourself emotionally?

Manage your emotions

The __ members of different groups interact, the ___ inter-group conflict they will experience

More, less

In which stage of the group development process do group members resolve their power struggles so that something can be accomplished?

Norming

___ is behavior that is learned when one acts on the environment to produce desired consequences

Operant behavior

Raul runs into heavy traffic every day while driving to work. Yesterday, he left home earlier than usual and did not run into heavy traffic. Again, today, he left earlier and avoided heavy traffic. His behavior of leaving earlier enables him to avoid heavy traffic and reach the office on time. Raul engage in ___.

negative reinforcement

Volumes of research and employee surveys report that the majority of managers and organizations do a poor job of managing employee __

performance

___ theory focuses on the needs that drive intrinsic motivation, which is longer lasting and has a more positive impact on task performance than extrinsic motivation.

self-determination

Which 3 roles are especially important to groups?

- initiator - orienter - energizer

Identifying and modeling appropriate ways for people to interact with colleagues is ____ strategy

An antibullying

___ is an alternative dispute resolution technique in which disagreeing parties agree ahead of time to accept the decision of a neutral party in a formal court like setting, often complete with evidence and witnesses

Arbitration

Emmie was telling her friend about the freedom and discretion given to her in scheduling and deciding the procedures used to complete the tasks assigned to her. What job characteristics was she talking about?

Autonomy

The law of effect states that ___

Behavior with favorable consequences tends to be repeated

The relationship between conflict intensity and performance outcomes can be described as ___

Both high and low conflict intensity are related to lower performance

After a recent visit to the grocery store Emily received an email for an optional survey to rate her customer experience during that visit. She didn't really have too much of an opinion and wanted the $5 coupon to be used toward her next visit if she complete the survey. She rushed through the survey and rated all categories as average. This can be described as which perpetual error related to performance evalution?

Central tendency

The styles of conflict handing are differentiated along two dimensions

Concern for others and concern for self.

Opal, who has been a saleperson for six months, receives a review that she feels is unfair. Her manager just completed Sam's review yesterday. Sam has been a top salesperson for four years. It's likely that her manager has committed a ___ perceptual error.

Contrast effects

The team is generating a lot of ideas on how to approach the management case study problem. Everyone seems to have a plan. Joe stands up and says, "I will make a list on the board of all of our ideas." Joe is acting as

Coordinator

Jim is head of the marketing department and must decide how to allocated a fixed amount of funds. There are two top projects that Jim believes hold the most promise. Recently, the majority of funds have been allocated to Project A, but Jim wonders if it is time to provide Project B with a larger share of the money. Jim decided to assign a particular individual, Clara, to thoroughly criticize the proposal for Project B, looking for every possible flaw. Which technique is Jim using to help him make a better decision?

Devil's Advovacy

What is mostly likely to result in workplace conflict?

Differences in methods for doing work

Professor Barnes learns that faculty members in another college with the same degree, years or teaching experience, and publication record are making significantly more money than he is. He considers this unfair. He is reacting to ____ justice.

Distributive

Two basic types of negotiation

Distributive and integrative

What is true about conflict?

Organizations can suffer from too little conflict

"How much do I value the rewards I receive?". This question addresses ___

Our valence

Which of the following statements about groups in not true? - Individuals frequently play more than one role in a group - People often play multiple roles in their lives - Leaders can help groups function effectively by stepping in to perform roles the group has not undertaken on its own - People who do not conform to group roles are given high status by the group - Both task and maintenance roles are important to group effectiveness

People who do not conform to group roles are given high status by the group

Wendy has been the team lead for a year-long mentorship development program in her community. The members of the committee worked hard during the process and overcame budget constraints and other conflicts to implement the program to aspiring musicians in the area. She felt fortunate to have a strong team that cooperated and handled disputes and feedback constructively. According to Tuckman's 5-stage model of group development, which of the following stages is Wendy's group experiencing?

Performing

Marion is frustrated with her OB group project. She frequently asks: "What's the problem with our group? We don't seem to be getting anywhere." This is a ____ function.

Task

Papa Bill's, a local pizza chain, instituted a new compensation policy to increase the on-time delivery of its pizzas. Drivers were paid an extra $1.00 for each on-time delivery, payable on the next pay period. However, a review of the policy showed that traffic tickets for reckless driving among delivery drivers had increased by 50 percent since the new policy was introduced. Which of the following best explains why this reward system did not perform as expected?

The organization was unintentionally rewarding counterproductive behavior

Having your health insurance premium reduced if you participate in a wellness program and health screening at work is a form of negative reinforcement.

True

______ is not a content theory of motivation.

expectancy theory

To enhance a worker's expectancy, a manager could ___

give feedback and coach the employee

The goal of the job characteristics model is to ___

increase intrinsic motivation in jobs

Sofia has been putting in a lot of overtime. Her supervisor keeps telling her that she will be rewarded. To date, Sofia has seen no change in her status or pay. This reflect a ___

low instrumentality

In McClelland's acquired theory, __________

we learn needs as we live our lives

4 benefits of a virtual team

- Ability to share knowledge of diverse markets - Reduced work-life conflicts for employees - Improved brainstorming - Reduced real estate costs

4 things about norms

- clarify behavioral expectations - help group members avoid being embarrassed - clarify central values and unique identity of a group - shared phenomena and may apply to the group, team, or organizational level

4 things that help with social loafing

- limit group size - cultivate cohesion - ensure accountability - build in feedback

Teams with high levels of __ and __ deal with task conflict better than those without these characteristics.

Openness; emotional stability

Carol and Dee have never gotten along. Carol feels that Dee acts superior, while Dee believes that Carol just tries to please everyone. The is ___ conflict, which is defined as interpersonal opposition based on individual dislike or disagreement.

Personality

Jeremy completes his assignments on time. His teacher said that she would allow extra play time to children who submit their assignments on or before the due date. What made Jeremy complete his assignments on time?

Positive reinforcement

Meghan sets a goal of completing the literature review portion of her research paper by Sunday night. This is an ___ goal

Project

Nancy is following a strict low carb diet and had the most success in the past when she has written down everything that she eats. Her goal is to lose 20 pounds over the next four months. Writing down the food she eats and listing out her end weight goal demonstrates what part of the goal-setting process?

Promote goal commitment

What is a group development process called where groups establish periods of stable functioning until an event causes a dramatic change in norms, roles and/or objectives?

Punctuated equailibrium

Sarah and Bill were recently hired at the local manufacturing plant. Before being hired, they were interviewed by the team members with whom they were going to work. The team contained members from various areas of the manufacturing process. As part of the training process, Sarah and Bill met the other team members a number of times, and learned how to perform several administrative tasks, including scheduling work assignments for the team. Sarah and Bill's new team is an example of a ________.

Self-managed