Modern Olympic Games

1. developed by Pierre Baron de Coubertin 2. influenced by the english public schools (eg - Rugby) and the use of amateur sport to create good role models in society 3. influenced by the Much Wenlock Games he attended - impressed by opening ceremony 4. influenced by the ancient olympic games and festivals that combined sport. religion and music 5. developed the modern olympic games in 1896 as an amateur event, devoid from politics

How were the modern olympic games developed?

1. originated as a sports competition for injured WWII veterans, who had serious back injuries 2. first disability style olympic games held in Rome in 1960 3. in the Toronto 1976 olympics other disability groups were added along with different sports 4. Paralympic values based on the history of the games and the tradition of promoting honourable and fair competition. The values include - determination = motivation to overcome physical and mental barriers - courage = confidence to overcome adversity and difficulty - equality = respect to all those around you - inspiration = motivated by the achievements and actions of others and to be a positive example to others

Outline the Paralympics

1. South Africa's invitation to the Olympic Games was withdrawn due to other countries threatening to boycott as a consequence of their apartheid regime 2. 2 African-Americans protested during the 200m medal ceremony to demonstrate against the lack of civil rights in the USA 3. the two athletes (Tommie Smith - Gold and John Carlos - Bronze) wore one black glove to represent black power and unity in the USA. Their raised their arms in the black power salute and wore black socks with no shoes to represent the poverty African-Americans were experiencing in the USA

Outline the controversy involved in the 1968 Mexico City Olympic Games

1. occured one day before the games began 2. 8 Palestinian terrorists entered the Olympic village and seized 11 members of the Israeli olympic team 3. they made a political request to secure the release of 234 Palestinians that were being imprisoned in Israel 4. German authorities attempted to rescue them but all hostages along with 5 terrorists died 5. terrorists were known as the Black September group

Outline the controversy involved in the 1972 Munich Olympics

1. In Dec 1979 the Russians invaded Afghanistan, British Prime Minister believed the only way they would understand the severity of their actions would be to boycott the Olympic Games 2. US President said the USA would also boycott the games if they didn't withdraw their troops by the end of the month 3. sparked debate as to the relationship between sport and politics 4. British hockey, fencing and equestrian all chose to boycott

Outline the controversy involved in the 1980 Moscow Olympics

1. 12 weeks before the opening ceremony the Soviet Union announced they would be boycotting the games, along with East germany, Poland, Bulgaria, Hungary and Cuba (in total 14 nations refused to compete) in response to the boycott led by the USA during the 1980 olympics 2. soviet union accused the USA of using the games for political purposes to 'stir up' anti-soviet propaganda

Outline the controversy involved in the 1984 LA Olympic Games

1. Hitler wanted to use the games as a stage for the Nazi political party and to promote the idea of Germany being a 'superior empire', expecting the German team to win medals across the board 2. German long-jumper Lutz Lang was the model image of the Nazi party with blonde hair and blue eyes 3. most famous athlete in the world was African-American Jesse Owens who won 4 Olympic medals in the 100m, 200m, long jump and 4x100m, breaking 11 Olympic records and beating the German superstar Lutz Lang (the first athlete to congratulate him after the long jump final)

Outline the controversy involved with the Berlin 1936 Olympic Games

1. respect = respect for all countries, cultures and individuals and to play within the spirit of the rules 2. excellence = achieve the best of your ability/realise your potential 3. friendship = promotion of friendly competition to bring the nations of the world together and to create team spirit (something that is lost at elite level as the stakes are seen to be too high) 4. courage = making a personal sacrifice to achieve sporting goals 5. determination = perseverance to succeed despite obstacles or barriers = high levels of motivation 6. inspiration = be role models to inspire the next generation to participate in sport 7. equality = all nations have an equal opportunity to enter competition in a spirit of inclusivity/equal chance to succeed

What are the Olympic values?

1. promote the development of physical and moral qualities that are the basis of sport 2. spread the Olympic principle to create international goodwill 3. bring together athletes of the world in a celebration of global sport 4. educate young people through sport to gain a better understanding of each other and develop friendships to build a more peaceful world

What are the aims of the modern Olympic Games?

1. formed in 1905 2. relies on commercial sponsorship (receives no money from government to remain devoid of political influence) 3. responsible for planning and executing GB Olympic teams participation in summer/winter Olympic Games 4. selects team GB from best sportsmen/women in the country and provides them with support before the Olympic Games by working with their NGB 5. also responsible for developing the Olympic movement throughout the UK (developing excitement by selling merchendise, adverts on tv etc) 6. help to educate people about the Olympic Games, providing resources which schools/collages can use

What is the British Olympic Association?

1. created by the Paris Congress in 1894 2. owns all rights to Olympic symbol and games 3. HQ in Lausanne, Switzerland 4. responsible for selecting the host nation/city for the summer and winter olympic games

What is the role of the International Olympic Committee?

1. Hitler refused to place the medal around Jesse Owens neck 2. published a report following Jesse Owens' success stating how the Americans should be ashamed of allowing African-Americans to compete for their country

What were the repercussions of the controversy in the 1936 Berlin Olympics?

1. demonstration watched by millions and athletes were told to leave the games as they had brought politics into it 2. were treated as heroes by many upon their return to the USA, whilst others saw them as an embarrassment 3. put a global spotlight on the issues within the USA regarding civil rights

What were the repercussions of the controversy in the 1968 Mexico City Olympics?

1. IOC made a controversial decision to allow the games to continue but the opening ceremony was delayed for a day 2. memorial service held the following day for the victims and the olympic flag was flown at half-mast

What were the repercussions of the controversy in the 1972 Munich Olympic Games?

only around 6,000 competitors competed from 81 countries compared to the 10,000 that were expected

What were the repercussions of the controversy in the 1980 Moscow Olympic Games?

14 nations boycotted

What were the repercussions of the controversy in the 1984 LA Olympics?