Module 1

bit

0 or 1 used in digital representation of data

Most portable media players work with MP format or with the ____ format, used for .mp files at the iTunes Store.

AAC

A series of eight 0s and 1s, called a(n) ____________.

Byte

resolution dependent

Characteristic of a bitmap image that means that if the image is resized, there will be a loss of quality in the image.

What should you do to direct a reader to a webpage?

Create a hyperlink from a clear text description to the URL of the webpage.

After you use 3D software to build a skeleton of a 3D model, what do you do next?

Define how the 3D model can and cannot move.

Imagine that you are preparing a series of bitmap graphics for a Web site. To decrease the download time for each graphic, you can use a compressed format such as GIF, PNG, TIFF, or ____.

JPG

The _________ file format is often used for photos and other web images.

JPG

High-quality sound is usually sampled at. _____, and each stereo sample requires bits of storage space.

KHz

______ compression is used for images stored in JPEG format, but _____compression is used for PNG, GIF, and TIFF files.

Lossy, lossless

Imagine that you're a musician and you are asked to synthesize some upbeat music for a modern ballet. For this project, you would most likely work with ____ music.

MIDI

Suppose you are creating an English-as-a-Second- Language Web page and you want to add links to sound files that pronounce English phrases. Would it be better to store the files in MP3 or MIDI format?

MP3

Which of the following is an example of a compressed file format?

MP3

At work, no one can find the digital version of a 20-page document that needs to be revised. You save the day by using a scanner and ____ software to digitize the paper document.

OCR

Both scanners and cameras produce images in bitmap format. Digital display devices represent colors using the ____ color model.

RGB

_______ adds highlights and shadows to the image.

Ray tracing

How can you extract all the files in the Assignments compressed folder to the Documents folder?

Right-click the Assignments compressed folder, click Extract All, select the Documents folder as the location for the uncompressed files, and then click Extrac

The most common vector graphics format for the Web is ___.

SVG

How can you prevent Windows from restarting as soon as it finishes updating?

Schedule a specific restart time

In addition to standalone digital cameras, digital footage can also be obtained from cameras embedded in handheld devices and from _____ built in above a computer screen.

Webcams

wireframe

a 3D image based on an assemblage of vectors

What is a codec?

a way to compress audio or video data

Stereoscopic effects can be achieved with a photo pair or by creating a(n) _____ with red and blue coloration.

anaglyph

Footage for digital videos can be supplied from a digital source, or from a(n) ____ source that requires conversion.

analog

lossy compression

audio formats such as MP3, Ogg Vorbis, and AAC have good sound quality despite using this type of compression

Color _____ refers to the number of colors available for use in an image.

base

The color of each cell is stored as a(n) ____ number.

binary

________ data is composed of letters, symbols, and numerals that are not used in arithmetic operations.

character

Algorithms for _____ scrub out designated areas of an image and replace the missing pixels.

cloning

After you finish arranging video clips and adding a soundtrack, you can select a video file format and a compression technique. For example, you might store the video in WebM container format and use the H.264 _____ to compress the file.

codec

Software, such as MPEG, DivX, Theora, and H., that compresses the video stream is referred to as a(n) _____.

codec

Clipping paths and alpha blending are useful for digital ______ when you want to assemble parts of several photos into one image.

composting

You've taken a photo with a high-resolution digital camera and you want to send it as an email attachment. You decide to _____ it to reduce the image to a more manageable size.

compress

lossy compression

compression technique that throws away some of the original data when compressing files containing photos, videos, and music

Video and audio streams are combined into the final video file and stored using a(n) ______ format, such as AVI, MOV, or WebM.

container

In 3D animation, movement is displayed as ___________.

curves

It is possible to change the resolution and/or the file size of a bitmap graphic; but because bitmaps are resolution _____ , these changes can reduce image quality.

dependent

The dimensions of the grid that forms a bitmap graphic are referred to as its _____.

depth

Music, voice, and sound effects can all be recorded and stored on a computer as ___ audio.

digital

_____________ data is processed, stored, and transmitted as a series of 1s and 0s. Each 1 or 0 is called a(n) ______________.

digital, bit

Vector graphics are created by using ____ software.

drawing

When a sound wave enters a computer, it is in the form of a(n) __________.

electrical analog signal

MP4

example of a video container format

MIDI

files that store a series of instructions that specify which notes to play, their duration, and their volume

A video ________ is the file type of a video file.

format

Which of the following is not a step in creating an animation?

framing

Although colors are ultimately represented as bits when a graphic is stored or transmitted, color values can be specified in binary, _____ , or decimal.

hexadecimal

Photoediting software includes tools, such as an image ______, that adjusts brightness values for various ranges of pixels.

histogram

Data becomes _____ when it is presented in a format that people can understand and use.

information

Most videos are output in a compressed format using intraframe and _____ compression.

interframe

These media files can be acquired as a download, ____ stream, or on-demand stream.

live

_________ compression provides the means to compress data and reconstitute it into its original state.

lossless

_____ compression throws away some of the original data during the compression process.

lossy

Digital data can also take the form of light and dark spots etched onto the surface of a CD or the positive and negative orientation of _____ particles on the surface of a hard disk.

magnetic

A series of MIDI _______ specify the pitch, volume, and duration of notes that sound like various musical instruments.

messages

concatenative (speech) synthesis

method of obtaining audio components for Siri and similar services by recording real voices

ASCII

most computers use this code to represent character data

______ data consists of numbers that might be used in arithmetic operations.It can be represented digitally using the ____ number system.

numeric, binary

Eight bits is equivalent to ____________.

one character

To store an image in a computer, the image must be converted to _____________.

ones and zeroes

Enlarging a bitmap requires your computer to fill in missing pixels, which often results in a jagged or ____ image.

pixelated

The big advantage of vector graphics is that they can be enlarged without becoming ____.

pixelated

A bitmap graphic is composed of a grid of tiny rectangular cells called _____.

pixels

SVG

popular format for vector graphics on the web and based on XML

video capture

process of converting analog video signals into digital format

transcoding

process of converting digital videos from one file format to another

rasterization

process that converts vector graphics into bitmap images

P in 1080p

progressive scanning

Digital signals are represented by two different ____ , such as +5 volts and +.2 volts.

pulses of current

A vector graphic can be converted into a bitmap by a process called ____.

rasterization

A compression _____, such as 5:1, indicates the degree of compression.

ratio

Speech _____ refers to the ability of machines to "understand" spoken words.

recognition

sampling rate

refers to the number of times per second a sound is measured during the recording process

This process, called _____ , produces a bitmap image of the 3-D object.

rendering

vector graphics

require more storage space than bitmaps, but vectors can be enlarged without becoming pixelated.

You uploaded a video to YouTube, but it's got black bars on the side. If you want to get rid of them, you'll have to re-output your video and change its _____.

resolution

A typical ___________ is 48,000 Hz.

sample rate

To digitally record sound, __________ of a sound wave are collected at periodic intervals and stored as numeric data in an audio file.

samples

You have an old photograph that you want to incorporate in a brochure for your antiques business. To convert the photo into digital format, you use a(n) _____.

scanner

Vector graphics are stored as a collection of ____ and their corresponding sizes, colors, and positions.

shapes

Some virtual reality headsets are designed to work with your __________.

smartphone

codec

software that compresses a video stream when a video is stored, and decompresses the file when the video is played

To refine the in-between motions, a computer animator uses a mathematical function called a(n) _______.

spline

So-called 3D movies are technically ______ in their use of anaglyphs or stereograms.

stereoscopic

Panoramic and 360-degree images can be assembled using image _____ to match the edges of a sequence of photos.

stitching

Speech _____ is the process by which machines, such as computers, produce sound that resembles spoken words.

synthesis

Suppose you visit a Web site that allows you to enter sentences, and then it reads the sentences back to you. The site even gives you a choice of a female or male voice. You assume that this site uses speech _____ technology.

synthesis

MIDI music is ____ sound that is artificially created.

synthesized

ray tracing

technique of adding light and shadows to a 3D image

PNG and JPEG

the most popular true color formats for web graphics

audio extraction

the process of ripping tracks from an audio CD to a digital format such as MP3

24 bits per pixel

true color graphics storage requirement per pixel

stereogram

two images from a stereo pair displayed side by side

delimiter

used to add formatting codes to documents such as slashes and angle brackets

TB

used to as an abbreviation to represent a terabyte in the computer world

Suppose you are designing a logo for a client. You know the design will undergo several revisions, and you understand that the logo will be used at various sizes. You decide it would be best to use drawing software to create the logo as a(n) _____ graphic.

vector

CCD

what a digital cameras uses to capture images on the photosites

3-D graphics are stored as a set of instructions that contain the locations and lengths of lines that form a(n) ____ for a 3-D object.

wireframe