Module 1 Review

You respond to the home of a 59-year-old man who is unconscious; has slow, shallow breathing; and has a weak pulse. The family states that the patient has terminal brain cancer and does not wish to be resuscitated. They further state that there is a DNR order for this patient, but they are unable to locate it. You should:

begin treatment and contact medical control as needed

A patient has fractured both femurs. Anatomically, these injuries would be described as being:

bilateral

Carbon monoxide blocks the ability of the blood to oxygenate the body because it:

binds with the hemoglobin in red blood cells.

The root "melan/o" means:

black

A 12-year-old boy told his grandmother he was going to collect the day's mail, located on the opposite side of the street, for her. As he was returning with the mail, he was struck by a vehicle and was found lying lifeless in the middle of the street. Which of the following would be appropriate to say to the grandmother? A. "Don't worry. I'm sure he'll be fine." B. It's best not to spend time talking to the grandmother. C. "What were you thinking? You will be reported!" D. "We're placing him on a backboard to protect his back, and we'll take him to the Columbus Community Hospital. Do you know who his doctor is?"

D. "We're placing him on a backboard to protect his back, and we'll take him to the Columbus Community Hospital. Do you know who his doctor is?"

Components of the CISM system include: A. preincident stress education. B. defusings. C. spouse and family support. D. All of these answers are correct.

D. All of these answers are correct.

If you find that you are the target of the patient's anger, make sure that you: A. are safe. B. do not take the anger or insults personally. C. are tolerant and do not become defensive. D. All of these answers are correct.

D. All of these answers are correct.

Sexual harassment is defined as: A. any unwelcome sexual advance. B. unwelcome requests for sexual favors. C. unwelcome verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature. D. All of these answers are correct.

D. All of these answers are correct.

When acknowledging the death of a child, reactions vary, but ____________ is common. A. shock B. disbelief C. denial D. All of these answers are correct.

D. All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following is generally NOT considered confidential? A. A patient's mental condition B. A patient's medical history C. Assessment findings D. The location of the emergency

D. The location of the emergency

In which of the following circumstances can the EMT legally release confidential patient information? A. A police officer requests a copy to place on file B. The family requests a copy for insurance purposes C. A media representative inquires about the patient D. The patient is competent and signs a release form

D. The patient is competent and signs a release form

The quickest source of energy is ____________; however, this supply will last less than a day and is consumed in greater quantities during stress. A. protein B. fat C. carbohydrates D. glucose

D. glucose

As an EMT, it is important to remember that the signs and symptoms of cumulative stress: A. cannot be identified and can cause health problems. B. are most effectively treated with medications. C. usually manifest suddenly and without warning. D. may not be obvious or present all the time.

D. may not be obvious or present all the time.

Where would you MOST likely find information regarding a patient's wishes to be an organ donor?

Driver's license

Which of the following components are needed to prove negligence?

Duty to act, breach of duty, injury/damages, and causation

Paramedic

EMS professional trained in ALS interventions

EMT

EMS professional trained in BLS interventions

AEMT

EMS professional trained in some ALS interventions

Which of the following systems is responsible for releasing chemicals that regulate body activities?

Endocrine

PPE

Examples include gloves, gowns, and face shields

Federal legislation concerning patient confidentiality is known as:

HIPAA

The EMT is legally obligated to protect a patient's privacy according to _____________.

HIPAA

At 2:00 AM, a 17-year-old boy, accompanied by his 19-year-old girlfriend, had driven to the bar to give his father (who had been drinking large amounts of alcohol) a ride home. On the way back, they were involved in a motor vehicle collision. The boy has a large laceration with profuse bleeding on his forehead. His girlfriend is unconscious in the front passenger floor. The father is standing outside the vehicle, appearing heavily intoxicated, and is refusing care. What is the best way to gain consent to begin care for the driver, considering that he is a minor and his father has an altered mental status?

It is a true emergency, so consent is implied.

Implied consent

Legal assumption that treatment was desired

Abduction

Movement away from the midline of the body

Adduction

Movement toward the midline of the body

EMT training in nearly every state meets or exceeds the guidelines recommended by the:

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)

Which type of medical direction do standing orders and protocols describe?

Off-line

Infectioncontrol

Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and health care

An intoxicated 40-year-old male is found lying face down. How would you document his body's position?

Prone

OSHA

Regulatory compliance agency

Medicolegal

Relating to law or forensic medicine

Expressed consent

Specific authorization to provide care expressed by the patient

Flexion

The bending of a joint.

"Chondro" in the word chondritis means:

cartilage

The process by which an individual, an institution, or a program is evaluated and recognized as meeting certain standards is called:

certification

You respond to a single-vehicle crash on the highway west of town. Upon arrival you find a 33-year-old man with an open forearm fracture who has self-extricated from his pickup, which is down the roadside embankment. He does not appear to have suffered any other injuries, is fully coherent, and refuses all medical care. In an effort to obtain consent to treat this patient, you should:

clearly explain the consequences of not accepting medical treatment.

EMTs should have a strong working knowledge of medical terminology in order to:

communicate effectively with other members of the health care team.

Which of the following statements about the patient care report is correct? a. EMTs are not liable for any actions that are accurately documented. b. Patient care cannot be discredited based on poor documentation. c. Incomplete reports are common and accepted in EMS. d. It is difficult to prove actions were performed if they are not included on the report.

d. It is difficult to prove actions were performed if they are not included on the report.

Putrefaction is defined as:

decomposition of the body's tissues.

The suffix "-pathy" means:

disease

A 5-year-old boy has fallen and has a severe deformity of the forearm near the wrist. He has possibly sustained a fracture of the ____________ forearm.

distal

The leaf-shaped flap of tissue that prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea is called the:

epiglottis

American Heart Association protocols are based on __________.

evidence-based research

After applying a tourniquet, the injury from a patient's leg stops bleeding. This is called:

hemostasis

You and your partner are EMTs who have been dispatched to stand by at the scene of a residential fire. While standing next to the ambulance observing the firefighters, you see a woman frantically moving around in her burning house. You should:

immediately notify the incident commander or safety officer.

Obtaining continuing medical education is the responsibility of the:

individual EMT

A diabetic patient has polydipsia. This means that she:

is excessively thirsty

The _____ is connected to the intestine by the bile ducts.

liver

As an EMT, the standards of emergency care are often partially based on:

locally accepted protocols.

The topographic term used to describe the location of body parts that are closer toward the midline of the body is:

medial

The person who is responsible for authorizing EMTs to perform emergency medical care in the field is the:

medical director

As an EMT, you may be authorized to administer aspirin to a patient with chest pain based on:

medical director approval

The EMT's scope of practice within his or her local response area is defined by the:

medical director.

"Myo" in the word myocarditis means:

muscle

In relation to the chest, the back is:

posterior

Negligence is based on the EMT's duty to act, cause, breach of duty, and:

real or perceived damages.

You arrive at the scene of a domestic violence situation. As you approach the doorway of the apartment, you hear screaming and the statement "He has a gun!" Your MOST appropriate action should be to:

seek a safe place and request law enforcement assistance.

The ability to take appropriate action with little direction is known as __________.

self-motivation

The standards for prehospital emergency care and the individuals who provide it are typically regulated by the:

state office of EMS.

"Gastro" in the word "gastroenteritis" means:

stomach

A patient presents with severe erythema to his left lateral chest wall and a ruptured spleen. Upon arrival at the hospital, the surgeon performs a splenectomy. The suffix "-ectomy" means:

surgical removal of.

You are transporting to a 66-year-old patient with a history of heart problems. The patient chart indicates that he has hepatomegaly. The root of the term indicates that:

the problem is with the patient's liver.

The major goal of quality improvement is to ensure that:

the public receives the highest standard of care

The term "pericardiocentesis" means:

the removal of fluid from around the heart

The ability to handle multiple tasks based on their priority is called __________.

time management

An important safeguard against legal implication is:

writing a complete and accurate run report.

Which of the following suffixes mean "pertaining to"?

"-al" and "-ic"

Which of the following suffixes mean "two"?

"dipl-" and "bi-"

The meaning "around" can have which of the following prefixes?

"peri-" and "circum-"

Bilateral

A body part (or condition) on appearing on both sides of the midline

Which of the following general statements regarding consent is correct? A. Patients who are intoxicated are generally allowed to refuse treatment. B. All patients older than 18 years can legally refuse treatment or transport. C. A patient can consent to transport but can legally refuse to be treated. D. Expressed consent is valid only if given in writing by a family member.

A patient can consent to transport but can legally refuse to be treated.

CQI

A system of internal reviews and audits

In which of the following situations does a legal duty to act clearly exist? A. A call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change. B. The EMT hears of a cardiac arrest after his or her shift ends. C. The EMT witnesses a vehicle crash while off duty. D. A bystander encounters a victim who is not breathing.

A. A call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change.

Standard of care

Accepted level of care consistent with training

ALS

Advanced procedures, such as drug administration

After stocking the ambulance this morning, you and your partner go out for breakfast. While entering the restaurant, you see an older gentleman clutch his chest and collapse to the floor. When you get to him, he has no pulse and is not breathing. To treat this patient, you will follow:

All of these answers are correct: 1. off-line medical control. 2. online medical control. 3. protocols.

You and your partner respond to the residence of a 66-year-old male with shortness of breath. As you are assessing the patient, his wife tells you that he was recently diagnosed with lung cancer. The patient is verbally abusive and tells you that failure of the health care system caused his disease. Which stage of the grieving process is this patient's behavior consistent with?

Anger

__________ is a response to the anticipation of danger.

Anxiety

Which type of consent is involved when a 39-year-old mentally competent female with a severe headache asks you to take her to the hospital? A. Informed B. Expressed C. Implied D. Formal

B. Expressed

Which of the following is NOT true of medical control? A. It may be written or "standing orders." B. It is determined by the dispatcher. C. It may require online radio or phone consultation. D. It describes the care authorized by the medical director.

B. It is determined by the dispatcher.

The BEST way to reduce your risk of contracting a work-related disease following exposure is to: Select one: A. get vaccinated against the disease you think you were exposed to. B. activate your department's infection control plan as soon as possible. C. vigorously wash the affected area with an antimicrobial solution. D. be evaluated by a physician within 72 hours following the exposure.

B. activate your department's infection control plan as soon as possible.

An appropriate demonstration of professionalism when your patient is frightened, demanding, or unpleasant is to: A. reassure the patient that everything will be all right, even if it will not be. B. continue to be nonjudgmental, compassionate, and respectful. C. ignore the patient's feelings and focus on his or her medical complaint. D. demand that the patient to be quiet and cooperative during transport.

B. continue to be nonjudgmental, compassionate, and respectful.

BLS

Basic lifesaving interventions, such as CPR

Good Samaritan laws generally are designed to offer protection to persons who render care in good faith. They do not offer protection from: A. improvising splinting materials. B. providing supportive BLS to a DNR patient. C. acts of negligence. D. properly performed CPR.

C. acts of negligence.

According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model, an EMT should be able to: A. interpret a basic (ECG) rhythm and treat accordingly. B. insert a peripheral IV line and infuse fluids. C. assist a patient with certain prescribed medications. D. administer epinephrine via the subcutaneous route.

C. assist a patient with certain prescribed medications.

Definitive or conclusive signs of death that are obvious and clear to even non-medical persons include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. putrefaction. B. rigor mortis. C. profound cyanosis. D. dependent lividity

C. profound cyanosis.

If you use a waterless hand washing substitute in the field, it is important to: A. wait at least 5 minutes before touching another patient. B. immediately dry your hands with a paper towel. C. wash your hands with soap and water at the hospital. D. avoid donning another pair of gloves for at least 10 minutes.

C. wash your hands with soap and water at the hospital.

Your patient was flying back home from Cuba when she developed a nose bleed and headache right behind the eyes. A physician ascertained that her previous head cold had left the patient with sinusitis. The root word "sinus" pertains to which of the following?

Cavity, channel, or hollow space

Exposure

Contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles

General adaptation syndrome

The process of alarm, reaction, and recovery

Extension

The straightening of a joint

Battery

Touching without consent

Assault

Unlawfully placing a patient in fear of bodily harm

When is forcible restraint permitted?

When the patient poses a significant threat to self or others

Advance directive

Written documentation that specifies treatment

You are transporting a 67-year-old female patient to the hospital for investigation of abdominal pain. The patient care record indicates that the patient has a history of AAA. Based on this information, the patient care record includes an abbreviation for:

abdominal aortic aneurysm.

The ___________ of the heart is the inferior portion of the ventricles.

apex

You are transporting a 40-year-old male with respiratory distress. The patient tells you that he recently had a positive tuberculosis (TB) skin test and is currently being evaluated for possible TB. You should:

apply a non rebreathing mask on the patient and a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) respirator on yourself.

During your monthly internal quality improvement (QI) meeting, you review several patient care reports (PCRs) with the staff of your EMS system. You identify the patient's name, age, and sex, and then discuss the treatment that was provided by the EMTs in the field. By taking this approach to the QI process, you:

are in violation of HIPAA because you did not remove the PHI from the PCR beforehand.