Module 2 chapter 4 Tissues

Indicate functions of connective tissue in the body.

Lends support Transport of nutrients, gases, enzymes and hormones. Attachment of one tissue to another Storage of high-energy molecules and minerals.

Indicate the type of epithelium that is best suited for allowing diffusion of substances, as would be found lining the air sacs of the lungs.

Simple squamous

Tissue

Collections of specialized cells and extra-cellular substances around them are known as a(n)

extracellular matrix

Composition of the noncellular substances surrounding the cells

What class of tissue is comprised of widely-spaced cells and abundant extracellular material?

Connective

Cuboidal

cells are cube shaped, about as wide as they are tall

Squamous

cells are flat or scale like

Columnal

cells tend to be taller than they are wide.

Support and binding tissues together are examples of functions for tissue.

connective

The class of tissue that consists of cells separated from each other by large amounts of extracellular matrix is called ______ tissue.

connective

The class of tissue that consists of cells separated from each other by large amounts of extracellular matrix is called ______tissue.

connective

simple epithelium

consists of a single layer of cells, with each cell extending from the basement membrane to the free surface

stratified epithelium

consists of two or more layers of cells that protect underlying tissues in locations where there is considerable wear and tear

Which tissue can exert physical force on other tissues and organs?

muscle

What class of tissue is capable of secretion and absorption of substances?

Epithelial tissue

What is the function of an osteoblast?

Produces bone

What are the functions of serous fluid? Select all that apply.

Protect internal organs from friction Reduce friction between serous membrane layers

Name the two processes that result in the repair of injured tissue.

Regeneration and replacement

What are the functions of epithelial tissue?

Act as a barrier Secretion of substances

basal surface

base of the tissue, attached to a basement membrane.

4 primary tissue types

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

The tissue type that covers and protects surfaces, both inside and outside the body is called ______ tissue.

epithelium, epithelia, or epithelial

True or False: Blood is a type of supportive connective tissue.

false

True or false: Extracellular matrix includes protein fibers, cytoplasm, and ground substance.

false

What forms the matrix of blood?

fluid

The embryonic layers that give rise to all of the body's mature tissues are called ______.

germ layers

The tissue layers that gives rise to all the body's mature tissues are called the ______layers.

germ or germinal

Neural crest cells

gives rise to parts of the peripheral nerves, skin pigment, medulla of the adrenal gland, and the tissues of the face

A normal tissue response to injury that involves redness, swelling, heat, pain, and altered functioning of the affected area is called ______.

inflammation or edema

Areolar and adipose tissue are two examples of ______.

loose connective tissue

Consider the arrangement of collagen fibers within these tissues: Areolar tissue is a type of ______ connective tissue whereas tendons and ligaments are comprised of ______ connective tissue.

loose, dense

Changes in the cells, extracellular materials and tissues in older adults cause a ______.

loss of flexibility loss of elasticity

Histology

microscopic study of tissues

Mesoderm

middle layer; forms tissues such as muscle, bone and blood vessels

Simple squamous epithelium is best suited for areas ______.

that allow diffusion of substances across the epithelium

Autopsy

the examination of a corpse to determine the cause of death

Ectoderm

the outer layer, forms that skin; a portion of the ectoderm called neuroectoderm becomes the nervous system

Biopsy

the removal of living tissue from the body for diagnostic examination

An aggregation of cells and extracellular materials which performs a discrete function is known as a(n) ______.

tissue

True or false: A tissue that consists of an open lacy network of relatively few protein fibers with widely scattered cells would be classified as a type of loose connective tissue.

true

lateral surface

where cells are attached to other epithelial cells.

Free surface

where cells are exposed and not attached to other cells. often lines the lumens of ducts, vessels and cavities.

The tissue of ______ adults is more elastic and more flexible.

younger

Glands that release their secretions via ducts onto a body surface are ______ glands, while glands that release their secretions into the blood are ______ glands.

Blank 1: exocrine Blank 2: endocrine

Areolar tissue is a type of ______ connective tissue whereas tendons and ligaments are comprised of _______ regular connective tissue.

Blank 1: loose Blank 2: dense or collagenous

Which is a type of fluid connective tissue?

Blood

Which are types of supporting connective tissues?

Bone and cartilage

What type of tissue covers body surfaces and lines body cavities?

Epithelial

True or false: Exocrine glands release their secretions into the blood, while endocrine release their secretions via ducts to a surface.

False

Indicate the three components of extracellular matrix.

Ground substance Protein fibers Fluid

Endoderm

Inner layer Forms lining of digestive tract and derivatives

Under a microscope, you observe a tissue that consists of an open lacy network of relatively few protein fibers with widely scattered cells. What type of tissue would you be observing?

Loose connective

What is the thick secretion produced by goblet cells?

Mucus

What are the three major types of tissue membranes?

Serous, mucous, synovial

What major category of tissue membrane is composed only of connective tissue?

Synovial

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

a special type of simple epithelium that consists of a falsely-stratified single layer of epithelial cells resting on a basement membrane.

Basement membrane

a specialized type of extracellular material secreted by epithelial and connective tissue cells.

Synovial membranes ______.

are associated with joints

List the three types of loose connective tissue.

areolar Adipose Reticular

epithelial tissue

covers and protects surfaces both outside and inside the body

Three types of epithelial membranes

cutaneous, mucous, serous

A cell that produces bone is a(n) .

osteoblast or osteoblasts

A cell that produces bone is a(n) ______.

osteoblast or osteoblasts

In _____, the new cells are the same type as those that were destroyed.

regeneration

A watery, low-protein fluid that moistens serous membranes and reduces friction is _______ fluid.

serous or interstitial

An epithelium consisting of a single layer of cells in which all cells rest directly on the basement membrane is ______.

simple

The epithelium consisting of one layer of cells in which all cells rest directly on the basement membrane, but appear to be arranged in layers, is _____epithelium.

simple or pseudostratified

transitional epithelium

special type of stratified epithelium. the shape of its cells change from cuboidal and columnar to squamouslike when stretched.

Three type of epithelial shapes

squamous cuboidal columnar