Module 53 - therapy

23. Edith, a 45-year-old journalist, alternates between extreme sadness and lethargy and extreme euphoria and overactivity. The drug most likely to prove beneficial to her is A) Lithium B) Xanax C) Zoloft D) thorazine

A) Lithium

Mamie notices that when she discusses her issues in therapy, her therapist often says, "Okay, now let me make sure I understand. What it sounds like you are saying is that..." Mamie doesn't mind at all because it makes her feel like the therapist is paying attention, actually cares, and even gives her the opportunity to correct the therapist if what he says is not what she meant. Mamie's therapist is using the technique of A) active listening. B) transference. C) unconditional positive regard. D) empathy.

A) active listening.

MaryBeth has awful and frequent thoughts of suicide. Her therapist wants those thoughts to be eliminated as soon as possible. The therapist decides to pair the suicidal thoughts with the repugnant smell of ammonia with the intent that MaryBeth will eventually avoid engaging in suicidal thoughts. MaryBeth's therapist is using the ________ technique. A) aversion therapy B) exposure and response prevention C) flooding D) systematic desensitization

A) aversion therapy

Carl Rogers' therapy approach attempts to help the client by using a technique called: Passive listening Psychoanalyzing Holistic approach Active listening

Active listening

Jeremiah is told that he can play in the sand box only if he promises not to throw sand. He agrees. After about six minutes in the sand box, however, Jeremiah is caught by the teacher throwing sand at another child. Jeremiah is taken out of the sand box and made to sit on a chair for eight minutes where he can see the others playing in the sand box and having fun, but he cannot join in. Jeremiah is experiencing A) aversion therapy. B) a time out. C) the empty chair technique. D) negative reinforcement.

B) a time out.

To help Mr. Eberstadt overcome his addiction to alcohol, his therapist first attempted to discover whether his misuse of alcohol was somehow a reaction to his wife's behavior. The therapist's concern is most likely to be characteristic of a A) psychoanalyst. B) family therapist. C) client-centered therapist. D) biomedical therapist.

B) family therapist.

Jaycee attends therapy once per week. Her therapist instructs her to say whatever comes to mind without sensoring it, no matter how silly or troublesome it may sound. Jaycee's therapist is utilizing A) unconditional positive regard. B) free association. C) systematic desensitization. D) transference.

B) free association.

Of the following individuals, who is most likely to benefit from therapeutic drugs that block receptor sites for dopamine? Amir, who complains about feeling tense and fearful most of the time but doesn't know why Matthew, who feels hopeless and lethargic after losing his job Betsy, who hears imaginary voices telling her she will soon be killed Marcella, who is so obsessed with fear of a heart attack that she frequently counts her heartbeats aloud

Betsy, who hears imaginary voices telling her she will soon be killed

Lester, a twenty-nine-year-old smoker, has a head injury and lives in a group home with four other men. They have staff members who are with them twenty-four hours per day to help them with every day tasks. Lester often displays aggressive or otherwise inappropriate behaviors as a result of his brain injury. Because of this, the staff members have been trained by the agency psychologist to give him a coupon every time Lester shows an appropriate behavior. When he saves up eight coupons, Lester is rewarded with a cigarette. Which of the following techniques are the staff members using with Lester? A) Healing circles B) Aversion therapy C) A token economy D) Unconditional positive regard

C) A token economy

Juan is a therapist who is meeting with an individual with depression for the first time. Juan inquires not only about his symptoms, but also about what thoughts go through his head when experiencing those symptoms. Juan strongly believes that in order to reduce the depressed symptoms, he first needs to address the thoughts that come before them. What type of therapist is Juan? A) Psychodynamic therapist B) Humanistic therapist C) Cognitive therapist D) Behavior therapist

C) Cognitive therapist

Dr. Miller prescribes drugs for the treatment of chronic depression, and she encourages rest and relaxation training for clients suffering from excessive anxiety. It is most likely that Dr. Miller is a A) Clinical social worker B) Cognitive therapist C) Psychiatrist D) Client-centered therapist

C) Psychiatrist

When Murli told his therapist, "I came to see what you could do for me," the therapist responded, "It sounds like you're feeling you need some help. Am I right?" The therapist's response illustrates the technique of A) transference. B) free association. C) active listening. D) systematic desensitization.

C) active listening.

A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca best illustrates A) psychodynamic therapy. B) aversive conditioning. C) exposure therapy. D) EMDR.

C) exposure therapy.

Praising socially withdrawn children when they make eye contact with others and ignoring them after a temper tantrum best illustrates an application of A) cognitive therapy. B) psychodynamic therapy. C) operant conditioning. D) unconditional positive regard.

C) operant conditioning.

Mr. Choi's therapist wants to help him become aware of his conflicting childhood feelings of love and hate for his parents. The therapist's goal best reflects a primary aim of A) client-centered therapy. B) cognitive therapy. C) psychoanalysis. D) systematic desensitization.

C) psychoanalysis.

About a dozen young women with eating disorders meet together on a weekly basis to share their experiences and encourage one another in their efforts to cope effectively. The benefits they receive from this interaction best illustrate the value of A) free association. B) a token economy. C) self-help groups. D) virtual reality exposure therapy.

C) self-help groups.

Daniel is usually very polite and cordial to his psychoanalyst. Rarely does he become angry or raise his voice. However, when his analyst brought up his relationship with his mother the other day during their session, Daniel became rude and belligerent. Daniel's way of acting toward his analyst is referred to as A) conditions of worth. B) aversion therapy. C) transference. D) rational-emotive therapy.

C) transference.

Melanie's therapist suggests that when she feels anxious, she should attribute her arousal to her highly reactive nervous system and shift her attention to playing a game with her 5-year-old son. This suggestion best illustrates A) Systematic desensitization B) Cognitive-behavioral therapy C) Client-centered therapy D) Psychodynamic therapy

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

As a psychotherapist, Dr. Buist does not analyze people's motives or diagnose the nature of their difficulties because he believes that they are in the best position to diagnose and solve their own problems. Dr. Buist's position is most characteristic of ________ therapy. A) Cognitive B) Psychoanalytic C) Operant conditioning D) Client-centered

D) Client-centered

Melissa suffers from auditory hallucinations and falsely believes that her former high school teachers are trying to kill her. Melissa's symptoms are most likely to be relieved by ________ drugs. A) antidepressant B) antianxiety C) mood-stabilizing D) antipsychotic

D) antipsychotic

Dylan is a psychiatrist who feels strongly that psychological disorders are caused by chemical imbalances in the brain or other brain abnormalities. Dylan works from the ________ perspective of treatment. A) cognitive B) behavioral C) psychoanalytic D) biomedical

D) biomedical

) Zin's therapist notices that Zin changes the topic whenever her mother is brought up. Additionally, when her mother is brought up, Zin is always late to her next therapy session. Zin is demonstrating the phenomenon Freud labeled A) transference. B) free association. C) aversion therapy. D) resistance.

D) resistance.

According to the radiobroadcast, Weizenbaum pulled the plug on ELIZA because: He did not agree with how the program was being used The program began making dangerous suggestions He wanted to sell the program for a lot of money He wanted to dedicate his life to the promotion of artificial intelligence

He did not agree with how the program was being used

Which of the following individuals is most likely to benefit from electroconvulsive therapy? Mark, who feels so depressed that he recently tried to commit suicide Mary, who suffers from amnesia and has lost her sense of identity Jim, who experiences visual hallucinations and suffers from a delusion that enemy spies are following him Luke, who suffers from a compulsion to wash his hands at least once every 15 minutes

Mark, who feels so depressed that he recently tried to commit suicide

In client-centered therapy, who controls the pace and direction of therapy? The therapist - this therapy is therapist-directed The client - this therapy is non-directive No one - this therapy is non-directive The client - this therapy is client-directed

The client - this therapy is non-directive

In which operant conditioning procedure are positive reinforcers given for desired behaviors? a token economy systematic desensitization aversive conditioning exposure therapy

a token economy

Drug therapy works by causing structural changes in the brain replacing chemicals in the brain with those in medications altering the operation of neurotransmitters and neurons in the brain teaching the body to crave useful substances

altering the operation of neurotransmitters and neurons in the brain

Aversive conditioning involves eplacing a negative response to a harmless stimulus with a positive response. identifying various anxiety-arousing experiences. associating unwanted behaviors with unpleasant experiences. systematically controlling the consequences of patients' maladaptive behaviors.

associating unwanted behaviors with unpleasant experiences.

To help Janet overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. This approach to treatment best illustrates systematic desensitization. light exposure therapy. aversive conditioning. cognitive-behavioral therapy.

aversive conditioning.

To treat nail biting, one can paint a patient's fingernails with a nasty-tasting nail polish. This procedure best illustrates light exposure therapy. transference. aversive conditioning. systematic desensitization.

aversive conditioning.

Deep-brain stimulation is a form of psychodynamic therapy. cognitive therapy. behavior therapy. biomedical therapy.

biomedical therapy.

The use of antipsychotic drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia best illustrates biomedical therapy. behavior therapy. psychodynamic therapy. cognitive therapy.

biomedical therapy.

Lithium has been found to be especially effective in the treatment of anxiety disorders. schizophrenia. dissociative disorders. bipolar disorder.

bipolar disorder

Although Ethan is actually doing very well in college, he feels depressed and academically incompetent. His therapist has instructed him to explain in writing how his good grades resulted from his own hard work and personal abilities. This therapeutic procedure is most characteristic of ________ therapy. behavior cognitive psychodynamic humanistic

cognitive

Teaching people to stop blaming themselves for failures and negative circumstances beyond their control is of most direct concern to ________ therapists. psychodynamic cognitive client-centered behavior

cognitive

Several years after his wife's death, Mr. Stattler remains incapacitated by feelings of guilt and sadness. To reduce Mr. Stattler's depression, a therapist is actively encouraging him to stop blaming himself for not being able to prevent his wife's death. The therapist's approach is most representative of A) systematic desensitization. B) psychodynamic therapy. C) cognitive therapy D) client-centered therapy.

cognitive therapy

Repeatedly pairing a conditioned stimulus that triggers distress with an unconditioned stimulus that triggers pleasure best illustrates aversive conditioning. counterconditioning. timeout. behavior modification.

counterconditioning.

A therapist who uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods is said to be client-centered. eclectic. humanistic. meta-analytic.

eclectic.

Dr. Byrne is a clinical psychologist who often uses operant conditioning techniques to treat her clients. She also encourages them to modify their thought patterns, and on occasion she interprets their transference behaviors. Dr. Byrne's therapeutic approach would best be described as biomedical. psychoanalytic. behavioral. eclectic.

eclectic.

In which procedure is an electric current of 70-150 volts briefly administered to a patient's head, which causes a loss of consciousness and often causes seizures. electroencephalography transcranial magnetic stimulation electroconvulsive therapy positron emission tomography

electroconvulsive therapy

Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of interpreting the meaning of clients' nonverbal behaviors. enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted. helping clients identify various anxiety-arousing experiences. discouraging clients from using antianxiety drugs.

enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted.

Repeatedly introducing people to things they fear and avoid is most characteristic of token economy. exposure therapies. behavior modification. timeout.

exposure therapies

A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca best illustrates psychodynamic therapy. aversive conditioning. exposure therapy. EMDR.

exposure therapy.

According to the radiobroadcast, people knew that computer programs like ELIZA could not replace human therapist interactions. true or false

false

When a therapist expresses his/her feelings with the client openly and honestly, he/she is exhibiting what Rogers referred to as: acceptance genuineness empathy unconditional positive regard

genuineness

Mr. McCardle's excessive feelings of helplessness and despondency are periodically interrupted by episodes in which he experiences extreme feelings of personal power and a grandiose optimism about his future. Which drug would most likely be prescribed to alleviate his symptoms? Ativan Thorazine Xanax lithium

lithium

Klaus is a psychology graduate student who wants to determine whether electroconvulsive therapy is an effective treatment for depression. To combine the results of numerous published studies on this issue, Klaus should make use of the double-blind procedure. a 12-step program. counterconditioning. meta-analysis.

meta-analysis

Klaus is a psychology graduate student who wants to determine whether electroconvulsive therapy is an effective treatment for depression. To combine the results of numerous published studies on this issue, Klaus should make use of the double-blind procedure a 12-step program counterconditioning meta-analysis

meta-analysis

Cognitive-behavioral therapy is designed to combine drug therapy with psychotherapy. focus attention on clients' negative as well as positive feelings toward their therapists. modify clients' self-defeating thoughts and their maladaptive behaviors. encourage clients to value their unique moment-to-moment feelings.

modify clients' self-defeating thoughts and their maladaptive behaviors.

In a home for troubled youth, adolescents receive large colored buttons when they hang up their clothes, make their beds, and come to meals on time. The adolescents return the buttons to staff members to receive bedtime snacks or watch TV. This best illustrates an application of client-centered therapy. systematic desensitization. operant conditioning. virtual reality exposure therapy.

operant conditioning.

Mr. Quinones, a fifth-grade teacher, gives a blue plastic star to each student who achieves a high score on a math or spelling test. At the end of the semester, students can exchange their stars for prizes. Mr. Quinones' strategy illustrates an application of aversive conditioning. operant conditioning. systematic desensitization. counterconditioning.

operant conditioning.

A physician who specializes in the treatment of psychological disorders is called a clinical psychologist. behavioral neuroscientist. cognitive therapist. psychiatrist.

psychiatrist.

Sigmund Freud introduced a form of psychotherapy known as counterconditioning. active listening. cognitive therapy. psychoanalysis.

psychoanalysis.

Which procedure creates a precise magnetic pulse in a specific area of the brain. By activating particular neurons, this procedure has been effective in relieving the symptoms of major depression in a number of controlled experiments. positron emission tomography electroconvulsive therapy deep brain stimulation repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

Antipsychotic drugs have proved helpful in the treatment of dissociative disorders. schizophrenia. depression. anxiety disorders.

schizophrenia.

Antipsychotic drugs have proved helpful in the treatment of dissociative disorders. schizophrenia. depression. anxiety disorders.

schizophrenia.

Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil are called SSRIs because they speed recovery from episodes of depression. slow the normal reabsorption of excess serotonin from synapses. successfully level the emotional highs and lows of bipolar disorder. stimulate the release of norepinephrine into the bloodstream.

slow the normal reabsorption of excess serotonin from synapses.

Which of the following techniques is derived from classical conditioning principles? the token economy systematic desensitization behavior modification timeout

systematic desensitization

With ________, the therapist replaces a fearful response with a relaxation response. systematic desensitization timeout aversive conditioning token economy

systematic desensitization

Jonathan is afraid to ask a girl for a date, so his therapist instructs him to relax and simply imagine he is reaching for his cell phone and then calling a potential date. The therapist's technique best illustrates the process of unconditional positive regard. free association. cognitive therapy. systematic desensitization.

systematic desensitization.

To help Thor overcome his fear of giving public speeches, his therapist instructs him to relax and then to imagine speaking to a group of four people. The therapist is using timeout. a token economy. systematic desensitization. aversive conditioning.

systematic desensitization.

Humanistic therapists believe we can fix our own problems because we have control over our behavior (free will). true or false

true

When a therapist expresses warmth and not approval or disapproval, he/she is exhibiting what Rogers referred to as: genuineness empathy acceptance unconditional positive regard

unconditional positive regard

Which of the following is a form of counterconditioning? behavior modification a token economy virtual reality exposure therapy timeout

virtual reality exposure therapy