Momentum & Impulse

Momentum

Quantity of motion an object has. If an object is in motion it has momentum.

True or false? According to the law of momentum conservation, if a collision occurs in an isolated system, then any object involved in the collision will conserve its own momentum.

False. The momentum of both objects will always be the same.

When can a large impulse occur?

From either a large force acting over a short period of time or a small force acting over a long period of time.

The amount of momentum is dependent upon what?

How much stuff is moving and how fast stuff is moving. Mass and velocity. Momentum is directly proportional to mass and velocity.

Change in momentum (equation)

p1-p2

What are the equations for two objects in a collision that bounce off of each other?

p1a + p2a = p1b + p2b M1v1a+m2v2a=m1v1b+m2v2b

The impulse serves to change the ______ of the object.

Momentum

Impulse - momentum theorem

The impulse on an object is equal to the change in momentum. F x Change in T = P2-P1

Momentum is a __ quantity.

Vector

In a collision, an object experiences a force acting for a certain amount of time. This force is called what?

Impulse

Describe Newton's 3rd law in relation to collisions.

In a collision between two objects, both objects encounter a force resulting from their mutual interaction with each other. The force on object one is equal to and opposite in direction as the force on object two.

Describe the relationship between momentum and a force.

Newtons second law describes how the velocity is changed by a force acting on it. a =F/m

What are the equations for the law of conservation of momentum?

P total 1 = P total 2 mv total 1 = mv total 2

What are the equations for two objects in a collision that stick together afterwards?

P1a plus + P2a = p total-b m1v1+m2v2=(m1+m2)vfinal

Describe the relationship between change in momentum and impulse.

The change in momentum is equal to the impulse. A large change in momentum occurs only with a large impulse.

Describe the relationship between mass velocity and momentum.

The greater the mass and velocity the greater the momentum.

Describe the relationship between mass and acceleration.

The greater the mass, the slower the acceleration. The lower the mass, the greater the acceleration. (Varies inversely.)

In a collision between two objects which object experiences the greatest acceleration?

The object with the least mass.

Impulse

The product of the average force and the time over which it acts. F x t

The law of conservation of momentum.

The total p of a closed, isolated system is constant. The total p before and after the collision is the same.

In a collision between two objects which object experiences the greatest change in momentum?

They are both the same. Change in momentum is equal to impulse.

Between two objects in a collision which object experiences the greater force?

They're both the same

In a collision between two objects which object experiences the greatest impulse?

They're both the same

True or false? Objects at rest do not have momentum.

True. If an object is at rest it has a momentum of zero.

When should you use the impulse momentum change equation?

When determining the new momentum or the new velocity of an object.