More Practice Questions...
The nurse is reviewing discharge instructions with a patient who underwent a left groin cardiac catheterization 8 hours ago. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a) "Do not bend at the waist, strain, or lift heavy objects for the next 24 hours." b) "If any discharge occurs at the puncture site, call 911 immediately." c) "You can take a tub bath or a shower when you get home." d) "Contact your primary care provider if you develop a temperature above 102°F."
a) "Do not bend at the waist, strain, or lift heavy objects for the next 24 hours."
Air embolism is a potential complication of IV therapy. The nurse should be alert to which clinical manifestation associated with air embolism? a) Chest pain b) Hypertension c) Jaundice d) Slow pulse
a) Chest pain
You are an occupational health nurse in a large ceramic manufacturing company. How would you intervene to prevent occupational lung disease in the employees of the company? a) Fit all employees with protective masks. b) Give workshops on disease prevention. c) Insist on adequate breaks for each employee. d) Provide employees with smoking cessation materials.
a) Fit all employees with protective masks.
A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) develops Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Which nursing diagnosis has the highest priority? a) Impaired gas exchange b) Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements c) Activity intolerance d) Impaired oral mucous membranes
a) Impaired gas exchange
A client hospitalized for treatment of a pulmonary embolism develops respiratory alkalosis. Which clinical findings commonly accompany respiratory alkalosis? a) Light-headedness or paresthesia b) Nausea or vomiting c) Abdominal pain or diarrhea d) Hallucinations or tinnitus
a) Light-headedness or paresthesia
A patient has been involved in a traumatic accident and is hemorrhaging from multiple sites. The nurse expects that the compensatory mechanisms associated with hypovolemia would cause what clinical manifestations? (Select all that apply.) a) Oliguria b) Hypertension c) Tachypnea d) Bradycardia e) Tachycardia
a) Oliguria c) Tachypnea e) Tachycardia
A patient is visiting the physician to determine what type of allergy is causing a rash. What type of testing does the nurse anticipate the physician will schedule? a) Patch test b) Tzanck smear c) Skin biopsy d) Skin scrapings
a) Patch test
A nurse is in the cafeteria at work. A fellow worker at another table suddenly stands up, leans forward with hands crossed at the neck, and makes gasping noises. The nurse first a) Stands behind the worker, who has hands across the neck b) Places both arms around the worker's waist c) Makes a fist with one hand with the thumb outside the fist d) Exerts pressure against the worker's abdomen
a) Stands behind the worker, who has hands across the neck
The nurse assesses a patient with silvery-white, thick scales on the scalp, elbows, and hand that bleed when picked off. What does the nurse suspect that this patient may have? a) Vitiligo b) Melanoma c) Psoriasis d) Petechia
a) Vitiligo --- LICE!!!!
The classification of Stage III of COPD is defined as a) severe COPD. b) moderate COPD. c) at risk for COPD. d) mild COPD. e) very severe COPD.
a) severe COPD.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of sleep apnea. The client understands the disease process when he says: a) "I need to keep my inhaler at the bedside." b) "I should become involved in a weight loss program." c) "I should eat a high-protein diet." d) "I should sleep on my side all night long."
b) "I should become involved in a weight loss program."
A community health nurse teaches a group of seniors about modifiable risk factors that contribute to the development of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The nurse knows that the teaching was effective based on which of the following statements? a) "The older I get the higher my risk for peripheral arterial disease gets." b) "I will need to stop smoking because the nicotine causes less blood to flow to my hands and feet." c) "I will need to increase the amount of green leafy vegetables I eat to lower my cholesterol levels." d) "Since my family is from Italy, I have a higher risk of developing peripheral arterial disease."
b) "I will need to stop smoking because the nicotine causes less blood to flow to my hands and feet."
A patient arrives at the ED with an exacerbation of left-sided heart failure and complains of shortness of breath. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention? a) Administer diuretics b) Assess oxygen saturation level c) Administer angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors d) Administer angiotensin II receptor blockers
b) Assess oxygen saturation level
The nurse is caring for the client in the intensive care unit immediately after removal of the endotracheal tube. Which of the following nursing actions is most important to complete every hour to ensure that the respiratory system is not compromised? a) Monitor heart rhythm. b) Auscultate lung sounds. c) Assess capillary refill. d) Obtain vital signs.
b) Auscultate lung sounds.
The nurse caring for a patient with repeated episodes of contact dermatitis is providing instruction to prevent future episodes. Which of the following should the nurse include? a) Use a fabric softener. b) Avoid cosmetics with fragrance. c) Wear gloves during the day. d) Wash skin in very hot water
b) Avoid cosmetics with fragrance.
Which of the following exposures accounts for the majority of cases with regard to risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? a) Ambient air pollution b) Exposure to tobacco smoke c) Occupational exposure d) Passive smoking (second-hand)
b) Exposure to tobacco smoke
When caring for a client with acute respiratory failure, the nurse should expect to focus on resolving which set of problems? a) Hyperventilation, hypertension, and hypocapnia b) Hypercapnia, hypoventilation, and hypoxemia c) Hypotension, hyperoxemia, and hypercapnia d) Hyperoxemia, hypocapnia, and hyperventilation
b) Hypercapnia, hypoventilation, and hypoxemia
A physician has ordered that a client with suspected lung cancer undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The nurse explains the benefits of this study to the client. Included in teaching would be which of the following regarding the MRI? a) Tumor densities can be seen with radiolucent images. b) MRI can view soft tissues and can help stage cancers. c) Narrow-beam x-ray can scan successive lung layers. d) Lung blood flow can be viewed after a radiopaque agent is injected.
b) MRI can view soft tissues and can help stage cancers.
The nurse auscultates the lung sounds of a patient during a routine assessment. The sounds produced are harsh and cracking, sounding like two pieces of leather being rubbed together. The nurse would be correct in documenting this finding as which of the following? a) Crackles b) Pleural friction rub c) Sonorous wheezes d) Sibilant wheezes
b) Pleural friction rub
Which type of incontinence is associated with weakened perineal muscles that permit the leakage of urine when intra-abdominal pressure is increased? a) Reflex (neurogenic) incontinence b) Stress incontinence c) Functional incontinence d) Urge incontinence
b) Stress incontinence
You are part of a group of nursing students who are making a presentation on chronic hypertension. What is one subject you would need to include in your presentation as a possible consequence of untreated chronic hypertension? a) Right-sided heart failure b) Stroke c) Peripheral edema d) Pulmonary insufficiency
b) Stroke
The nurse is educating a patient who will be started on an antituberculosis medication regimen. The patient asks the nurse, "How long will I have to be on these medications?" What should the nurse tell the patient? a) 3 to 5 months b) 13 to 18 months c) 6 to 12 months d) 3 months
c) 6 to 12 months This is the normal duration for TB tx
The nurse is differentiating between a macule and a papule when evaluating a patient's skin lesion. The nurse determines that the lesion is a papule when which of the following is noted? a) Circumscribed border b) Flat skin color change c) Elevated and palpable d) Greater than 1 cm in diameter
c) Elevated and palpable
The nurse does an assessment on a patient who is admitted with a diagnosis of right-sided heart failure. The nurse knows that a significant sign is which of the following? a) Oliguria b) S3 ventricular gallop sign c) Pitting edema d) Decreased O2 saturation levels
c) Pitting edema
A nurse is reviewing a report of a client's routine urinalysis. Which value requires further investigation? a) Absence of protein b) Urine pH of 3.0 c) Specific gravity of 1.02 d) Absence of glucose
c) Specific gravity of 1.02
A nurse is administering lanoxin, which she knows increases contractility as well as cardiac output. Contractility refers to which of the following? a) The amount of blood presented to the ventricles just before systole b) Fluid overload and tissue perfusion status c) The force of the contraction related to the status of the myocardium d) The amount of resistance to the ejection of blood from the ventricles
c) The force of the contraction related to the status of the myocardium
At 11 p.m., a client is admitted to the emergency department. He has a respiratory rate of 44 breaths/minute. He's anxious, and wheezes are audible. The client is immediately given oxygen by face mask and methylprednisolone (Depo-medrol) I.V. At 11:30 p.m., the client's arterial blood oxygen saturation is 86%, and he's still wheezing. The nurse should plan to administer: a) morphine. b) propranolol (Inderal). c) albuterol (Proventil). d) alprazolam (Xanax).
c) albuterol (Proventil).
During discharge teaching, a nurse is instructing a client about pneumonia. The client demonstrates his understanding of relapse when he states that he must: a) turn and reposition himself every 2 hours. b) follow up with the physician in 2 weeks. c) continue to take antibiotics for the entire 10 days. d) maintain fluid intake of 40 oz (1,200 ml) per day.
c) continue to take antibiotics for the entire 10 days.
A nurse is assisting with a subclavian vein central line insertion when the client's oxygen saturation drops rapidly. He complains of shortness of breath and becomes tachypneic. The nurse suspects the client has developed a pneumothorax. Further assessment findings supporting the presence of a pneumothorax include: a) tracheal deviation to the unaffected side. b) muffled or distant heart sounds. c) diminished or absent breath sounds on the affected side. d) paradoxical chest wall movement with respirations.
c) diminished or absent breath sounds on the affected side.
Normally, approximately what percentage of the blood pumped by the right ventricle does not perfuse the alveolar capillaries? a) 6% b) 4% c) 8% d) 2%
d) 2%
A client has been diagnosed with shingles. Which of the following medication classifications will reduce the severity and prevent development of new lesions? a) Antipyretics b) Analgesics c) Corticosteroids d) Antiviral
d) Antiviral
A patient playing softball was hit in the nose by the ball and has been determined to have an uncomplicated fractured nose with epistaxis. The nurse should prepare to assist the physician with what tasks? a) Administering nasal lavage b) Preparing the patient for a septoplasty c) Applying steroidal nasal spray d) Applying nasal packing
d) Applying nasal packing >>On the unit exam, something non-sterile was used, such as a tissue so just remember the key point that the first action is to stop the bleeding via pressure/packing
A client appears to be breathing faster than during the last assessment. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform? a) Assess the radial pulse. b) Assist the client to lie down. c) Inquire if there have been any stressful visitors. d) Count the rate of respirations.
d) Count the rate of respirations. Measure the abnormality to gauge the change's severity, and then assess other areas such as CV
A junior-level nursing class has just finished learning about the management of clients with chronic pulmonary diseases. They learned that COPD leaves two disorders within its classification. Which of the following is that disorder? a) Pneumonia b) Bronchiectasis c) Cystic fibrosis d) Emphysema
d) Emphysema Emphysema is the main one. Traditional definitions have included chronic broncitis in COPD and even asthma.
When administering an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with spironolactone, the nurse should be aware that which electrolyte imbalance may occur? a) Hypokalemia b) Hypocalcemia c) Hypercalcemia d) Hyperkalemia
d) Hyperkalemia
Within the physiology of the heart, each chamber has a particular role in maintaining cellular oxygenation. Which chamber of the heart is responsible for pumping blood to all the cells and tissues of the body? a) Right ventricle b) Left atrium c) Right atrium d) Left ventricle
d) Left ventricle
A 53-year-old client sees the physician because he has had laryngitis for 2 weeks. After a thorough examination, the doctor orders medications and instructs the client to follow-up in 1 week if his voice has not improved. What is the primary function of the larynx? a) Preventing infection b) Facilitating coughing c) Protecting the lower airway from foreign objects d) Producing sound
d) Producing sound
The nurse is caring for a client whose respiratory status has declined since shift report. The client has tachypnea, is restless, and displays cyanosis. Which diagnostic test should be assessed first? a) Arterial blood gases b) Pulmonary function test c) Chest x-ray d) Pulse oximetry
d) Pulse oximetry
The nurse is caring for a patient with status asthmaticus in the intensive care unit (ICU). What does the nurse anticipate observing for the blood gas results related to hyperventilation for this patient? a) Respiratory acidosis b) Metabolic acidosis c) Metabolic alkalosis d) Respiratory alkalosis
d) Respiratory alkalosis
The nurse is assessing a patient at risk for the development of a pressure ulcer. What laboratory test will assist the nurse in determining this risk? a) Prothrombin time b) Sedimentation rate c) Serum glucose d) Serum albumin
d) Serum albumin
A physician admits a client to the health care facility for treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. When planning this client's care, which goal should the nurse keep in mind as she formulates interventions? a) Increasing blood pressure and monitoring fluid intake and output b) Decreasing blood pressure and increasing mobility c) Increasing blood pressure and reducing mobility d) Stabilizing heart rate and blood pressure and easing anxiety
d) Stabilizing heart rate and blood pressure and easing anxiety
What should the nurse do to manage the persistent swelling in a patient with severe lymphangitis and lymphadenitis? a) Avoid elevating the area. b) Offer cold applications to promote comfort and to enhance circulation. c) Inform the physician if the temperature remains low. d) Teach the patient how to apply a graduated compression stocking.
d) Teach the patient how to apply a graduated compression stocking.
