Mrs. Jones AP Bio Final
how does crossing over affect the number of types of offspring?
all offspring would have the same genotype
describe how the brain processes a smell. what role do chemoreceptors play and where are they found?
chemoreceptors or sensory cells that interact with chemicals in our blood and in what we eat and smell
write the mrna strand based on: gac tga gga ctc ctc ttc aga
cug acu ccu gag aag ucu
how does oxygen move into the cell?
diffusion
how do membrane bound organelles benefit eukaryotes?
it keeps all the organelles together
hypertonic
less salt inside the cell
hypotonic
less salt outside the cell
based on the answer from the last problem write the amino acid chain
leu thr pro glu glu lys ser
rough ER
membrane production
cilia
mivement
how does water move into the cell?
osmosis
some people have the ability to taste a bitter chemical called PTC. the ability to taste PTC is due to the presence of at least one dominant allele for the PTC gene. the incidence of nontasters in North America is 45%. Assuming the population is in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium what population of the population is homozygous dominant?
p- .55 q- .45 p^2- .3025 q^2- .2025 2pq- .495 30.25% is homozygous dominant
mitochondria
powerhouse of the cell
why are cells small?
so they can maximize their ratio of surface area to volume
golgi
sorts and transporta
smooth ER
synthesize lipids
fertilization
the action of fertilizing an egg to form a zygote
review the rock pocket mouse case study. what causes the difference in mouse color?
the color of sand in the area they live in so they can camouflage
crossing over
the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes
conjugation
the fusion of two gametes, especially when they are similar size
describe how the production of thyroxine is controlled
the hypothalamus releases TRH to the anterior pituitary. the anterior pituitary releases TSH to the thyroid gland which releases thyroxine
how do sugars move back down the plant?
the phloem
facilitated diffusion
the process of spontaneous passive transport of molecules
which parts of the heart carry unoxygenated blood?
the pulmonary arteries
which parts of the heart carry oxygenated blood?
the pulmonary veins
outline the basic structure of the immune system
1st line of defense: epithelial cells and mucus membranes 2nd line of defense: leukocytes macrophages natural killer cells 3rd line of defense: cytotoxic t cells helper t cells
in a certain species of flowering plants the purple allele (P) is dominant to the yellow allele (p) a student performed a cross between a purple plant and a yellow plant. when planted, the 146 seeds that were produced from the cross matured into 87 plants with purple flowers and 59 plants with yellow flowers. calculate the chi squared value for the purple flowered plant
6.68
give the equation for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O ------> C6H12O6 + 6O2
write the equation for cellular respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP
describe the difference between a sharks heart and a humans heart
a sharks blood travels through a single circuit to the heart while a humans travels through a double circuit. humans have a 4 chambered heart and sharks have a 2 chamber heart.
isotonic
equal amount of salt inside and out of the cell
how does water exit the leaves of the plant?
the stomata
what did Rosalind Franklin discover?
the structure of DNA
endocytosis
the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole
how does water travel up the plant?
the xylem
where do plants obtain their water?
through the roots
passive transport
transport from high to low. does not use energy
active transport
transport from low to high. uses energy
osmosis
transportation of water
how do mutations in DNA cause tumors to form?
tumor suppressor genes normally limit cell growth but if the gene is mutated cells grow uncontrollably
