Multiple choice - HEL-8024

Q7 (Kahoot) Which of the following is least affected by outliers? a) The range. b) The mean. c) The median. d) The standard deviation.

c) The median.

MCQ Chapter 9. What does the error bar on an error bar chart represent? a) The confidence interval around the mean. b) The standard error of the mean. c) The standard deviation of the mean. d) It can represent any of these.

d) It can represent any of these.

MCQ Chapter 1. An experimenter measured 30 childrens IQ. He then rank-ordered the children and assigned them a score from 30 (most intelligent) to 1 (least intelligent) to create a new variable. Does this new variable consist of: a) Nominal data b) Interval data c) Ratio data d) Ordinal data

d) Ordinal data

MCQ Chapter 4. Out of the following options, which type of bar chart would we produce to look at the mean ratings of two new varieties of Sauvignon Blanc (wine)? a) Clustered bar chart b) Stacked bar chart c) Simple 3D bar chart d) Simple bar chart

d) Simple bar chart

MCQ Chapter 3. Which of the numbers below might IBM SPSS report as 10.574 E−05? a) 0.00010574 b) 10.569 c) 1057400.0 d) 0000.10574

a) 0.00010574

MCQ Chapter 1. The owner of the large chain of coffee shops called "MoonBucks" decided to calculate how much revenue was gained from lattes each month in a nationwide sample of 2445 cafés. To measure the variance of revenue gained from lattes, he computes SS = 351, 936 for this sample. What are the degrees of freedom for variance? Compute the variance. Compute standard deviation. a) 144 b) 12 c) 2444

a) 144 = degrees of freedom b) 12 = standard deviation c) 2444 = variance

MCQ Chapter 1. Twenty-one cats were given 300g of tuna each. The time in seconds was measured until they had eaten all of the tuna: 16, 18, 18, 22, 22, 23, 23, 24, 26, 29, 32, 34, 34, 36, 36, 42, 43, 46, 46, 49, 57 Compute the median. Compute the lower quartile. Compute the upper quartile. Compute the interquartile range. a) 32 seconds b) 22.5 seconds c) 42.5 seconds d) 20 seconds

a) 32 seconds = median b) 22.5 seconds = lower quartile c) 42.5 seconds = upper quartile d) 20 seconds = interquartile range

MCQ Chapter 5. Approximately what percentage of people would have scores lower than an individual with a z-score of 1.65 in a normally distributed sample? a) 95% b) 98% c) It is not possible to calculate this unless the mean and the standard deviation are given. d) 1%

a) 95%

MCQ Chapter 5. Which of the following are assumptions underlying the use of parametric tests (based on the normal distribution)? a) All of the options are true. b) Some feature of the data should be normally distributed. c) The samples being tested should have approximately equal variances. d) The data should be at least interval level.

a) All of the options are true.

MCQ Chapter 7. The covariance is: a) All of these. b) A measure of the strength of relationship between two variables. c) Dependent on the units of measurement of the variables. d) An unstandardized version of the correlation coefficient.

a) All of these.

MCQ Chapter 8. R2 is known as the: a) Coefficient of determination. b) Multiple correlation coefficient. c) Partial correlation coefficient. d) Semi-partial correlation coefficient.

a) Coefficient of determination.

MCQ Chapter 2. The degree to which a statistical model represents the data collected is known as the: a) Fit b) Homogeneity c) Reliability d) Validity

a) Fit.

Q8 (Kahoot) If a distribution is multimodal, what does this mean? a) It will not be a normal distribution. b) The data have been entered incorrectly. c) It will be a normal distribution. d) It will have to be checked with a Levene's test.

a) It will not be a normal distribution.

MCQ Chapter 4. Out of the following options, which type of graph could we use to compare frequency distributions of several groups simultaneously? a) Population pyramid b) Simple histogram c) Frequency polygon d) Simple 3D bar chart

a) Population pyramid

Q9 (Kahoot) Why are z-scores used to check for outliers? a) Standardize scores for a known mean & SD allowing comparison. b) They allow you to allocate letters for missing values. c) A z-score is an outlier. d) Standardize scores to convert them to values closer to mean.

a) Standardize scores for a known mean & SD allowing comparison.

MCQ Chapter 2. If we use the mean as a model, what does the variance represent? a) The average error between the model and the observed data. b) The total error between the model and the observed data. c) The squared total error between the model and the observed data. d) The square-rooted average error between the model and the observed data.

a) The average error between the model and the observed data.

MCQ Chapter 9. Differences between group means can be characterized as a regression (linear) model if: a) The experimental groups are represented by a binary variable (i.e. coded 0 and 1). b) The outcome variable is categorical. c) The groups have equal sample sizes. d) Differences between group means cannot be characterized as a linear model, they must be analyzed with an independent t-test.

a) The experimental groups are represented by a binary variable (i.e. coded 0 and 1).

MCQ Chapter 8. What is b0 in regression analysis? a) The value of the outcome when all of the predictors are 0. b) The relationship between a predictor and the outcome variable. c) The value of the predictor variable when the outcome is zero. d) The gradient of the regression line.

a) The value of the outcome when all of the predictors are 0.

MCQ Chapter 7. A correlation of .7 was found between time spent studying and percentage on an exam. What is the proportion of variance in exam scores that can be explained by time spent studying? a) .70 b) .49 c) .30 d) 0.7

b) .49

MCQ Chapter 2. Given a test is normally distributed with a mean of 30 and a standard deviation of 6: What is the probability that a single score drawn at random will be greater than 34? a) 0.0228 b) 0.2524 c) 0.1826

b) 0.2524

Which of the numbers below might IBM SPSS report as 8.96 E+03? a) 89.60 b) 8960.0 c) 0.008960 d) 8.960

b) 8960.0

Q1 (Kahoot) Which of the following is true about a 95% confidence interval of the mean of a given sample? a) 95 out of a 100 sample means will fall within limits of CI. b) 95% chance population mean will fall within limits of CI. c) 95 out of 100 population means will fall within limits of CI. d) 0.05 probability population mean falls within limits of CI.

b) 95% chance population mean will fall within limits of CI.

MCQ Chapter 4. Out of the following options, which type of bar chart would we produce to look at the mean ratings of 'taste' and 'value for money' for two new varieties of Sauvignon Blanc wine? a) Clustered bar chart b) All of the options are possible. c) Stacked bar chart. d) 3D bar chart.

b) All of the options are possible.

Q3 (Kahoot) In experiments the independent variable is manipulated to determine? a) Effects on the individual participants. b) Effect on the dependent variable. c) Effects of certain stimuli. d) Relation to other variables.

b) Effect on the dependent variable.

MCQ Chapter 9. A researcher measured people's physiological reactions to horror films. He split the data into two groups: males and females. The resulting data were normally distributed and men and women had equal variances. What test should be used to analyse the data? a) Dependent (test?) b) Independent t-test c) Mann-Whitney test d) Wilcoxon signed-rank test

b) Independent t-test

MCQ Chapter 8. Which of the following statements about outliers is not true? a) Outliers are values very different from the rest of the data. b) Influential cases will always show up as outliers. c) Outliers have an effect on the mean. d) Outliers have an effect on regression parameters.

b) Influential cases will always show up as outliers.

MCQ Chapter 9. A researcher was interested in stress levels of lecturers during lectures. She took the same group of 8 lecturers and measured their anxiety (out of 15) during a normal lecture and again in a lecture in which she had paid students to be disruptive and misbehave. What test is best used to compare the mean level of anxiety in the two lectures? a) Independent samples t-test b) Paired-samples t-test c) One-way independent ANOVA d) Mann-Whitney test

b) Paired-samples t-test

MCQ Chapter 1. Variation due to some genuine effect is known as: a) Unsystematic variation b) Systematic variation c) Homogeneous variance d) Residual variance

b) Systematic variation

MCQ Chapter 5. If we were to pull all possible samples from a population, calculate the mean for every sample, and construct a graph of the shape of the distribution based on all of the means, what would we have? a) The population distribution of the mean. b) The sampling distribution of the mean. c) The bootstrap distribution of the mean. d) The standard error of the mean.

b) The sampling distribution of the mean.

MCQ Chapter 7. How much variance has been explained by a correlation of .9? a) 18% b) 9% c) 81% d) None of these

c) 81%

MCQ Chapter 4. What type of graph can we use to compare frequency distributions of several groups simultaneously? a) A histogram b) A bar chart c) A population pyramid d) A boxplot

c) A population pyramid

MCQ Chapter 3. Which of the following best describes the variable 'Gender'? a) A between-group variable. b) A coding variable. c) All og the possible answers are correct. d) A grouping variable.

c) All og the possible answers are correct.

MCQ Chapter 1. When items on a questionnaire appear to correspond to the construct that the questionnaire claims to measure it said to have: a) Factorial validity b) Ecological validity c) Content validity d) Criterion validity

c) Content validity

MCQ Chapter 3. Ordinal level data are characterized by: a) Equal intervals between each adjacent score. b) A fixed zero. c) Data that can be meaningfully arranged by order of magnitude. d) None of the above.

c) Data that can be meaningfully arranged by order of magnitude.

Q2 (Kahoot) What does a significant test statistic tell us? a) There is an important effect. b) The hull hypothesis is false. c) Effect of sufficient magnitude to be scient, interesting. d) All of the above.

c) Effect of sufficient magnitude to be scient, interesting.

MCQ Chapter 2. If we calculated an effect size and found it was r = .42 which expression would best describe the size of effect? a) Small b) Small to medium c) Medium to large d) Large

c) Medium to large

MCQ Chapter 8. Which of the following statistical tests allows causal inferences to be made? a) Analysis of variance b) Regression c) None of these, it's the design of the research that determines whether causal inferences can be made. d) t-test

c) None of these, it's the design of the research that determines whether causal inferences can be made.

MCQ Chapter 5. Which of the following is the least affected by outliers? a) The range b) The mean c) The median d) The standard deviation

c) The median

MCQ Chapter 7. If Pearson's correlation coefficient between stress level and workload is .8, how much variance in stress level is not accounted for by workload? a) 20% b) 2% c) 8% d) 36%

d) 36%

Q6 (Kahoot) Which are assumptions underlying use of parametric tests (based on normal distribution)? a) The data should be normally distributed. b) Samples tested should have approximately equal variances. c) The data should be at least interval level. d) All of the above.

d) All of the above.

MCQ Chapter 9. The t-test tests for: a) Differences between means. b) Whether a correlation is significant. c) Whether a regression coefficient is equal to zero. d) All of these.

d) All of these.

Q4 (Kahoot) Which of the following statements would be considered a two-tailed hypothesis? a) Female doctor will be more empathetic than male counterpart. b) As rates of imm. fr Measles increase incidence of M decrease. c) Use of antibiotics wont impact progression of viral infect. d) Clear there is relationship between healthy diet & well-being.

d) Clear there is relationship between healthy diet & well-being.

MCQ Chapter 3. For what is the 'variable view' in IBM SPSS's data editor used? a) Entering data. b) Writing syntax. c) Viewing output from data analysis. d) Defining characteristics of variables.

d) Defining characteristics of variables.

MCQ Chapter 8. For which regression assumption does the Durbin-Watson statistic test? a) Linearity b) Homoscedasticity c) Multicollinearity d) Independence of errors

d) Independence of errors

Q10 (Kahoot) What does independence of data mean? a) That we must never collect two sets of data from one person. b) That independent researchers must collect the data. c) Scores from one part. free from influences from other part. d) Scores in one condition free from influences from other condition.

d) Scores in one condition free from influences from other condition.

MCQ Chapter 5. Which of the following is not a transformation that can be used to correct skewed data? a) Log transformation b) Square root transformation c) Reciprocal transformation d) Tangent transformation

d) Tangent transformation

Q5 (Kahoot) Which of the following does a box-whisker plot not display? a) The range. b) The interquartile range. c) The lower quartile. d) The mean.

d) The mean.

MCQ Chapter 2. What is the relationship between the sum of squared errors (SS), the sample size (n) and the variance (s2)? a) SS = s2/(n-1) b) s2 = SS(n-1) c) n = (s2/SS)-1 d) s2 = SS/(n-1)

d) s2 = SS/(n-1)

MCQ Chapter 7. Rank the score of 5 in the following set of scores: 9, 3, 5, 10, 8, 5, 9, 7, 3, 4 a) 4.5 b) 4 c) 3 d) 6

a) 4.5

MCQ Chapter 4. Which of the following does a box-whisker plot not display? a) The mean b) The median c) Outliers d) The lower quartile

a) The mean