Muscles of the shoulder and arm
What is the origin of the pectoralis major?
(medial half of clavicle, sternum and cartilage of first through six ribs
What is the action for the deltoid (all fibers)?
Abduct the shoulder (glenohumeral joint)
What's the AOI of the supraspinatus?
Action Abduct the G/H join Stabilize the humerus in the joint O Supraspinous fossa of the scapula I Greater tubercle of humerus
What's the AOI of the teres minor?
Action Adduct the G/H joint Stabilize the joint in the glenoid cavity Laterally rotate the G/H joint Origin Upper two thirds of lateral border of Scapula Insertion Greater tubercle of humerus
What's the AOI of subscapularis?
Action Medially rotate the G/H joint Stabilize the joint Origin Supscapularis fossa of the scapula Insertion Lesser tubercle of humerus
What's the AOI of infraspinatus?
Adduct the G/H joint Stabilize the joint in glenoid cavity laterally rotate the G/H joint O infraspinous process of fossa I greater tubercle of the humers
What are actions of the middle fibers of the trapezius?
Adduct the scapula (S/T joint) Stabilize the scapula (S/T joint)
What's the action of the rhomboid major and minor?
Adduct the shoulder joint Downwardly rotate the S/T joint Elevate the (S/T joint)
What is the action of the pectoralis major?
All fibers Adduction of the G/H Medially rotate the scapula Upper fibers Horizontally adduct the shoulder Flex the shoulder Lower fibers : Extend the shoulder (G/H joint)
What's the action of the levator scapula?
Bilaterally Extend the head and neck Unilaterally Elevate the S/T joint Downwardly rotate the S/T joint Rotate head and neck to the same side Laterally flex head and neck to the same side
What's the action of the upper fibers of the trapezius?
Bilaterally Extend the head and neck Unilaterally Laterally flex the head and neck to the same side Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side Elevate the scapula (scapulothoracic joint) Upwardly rotate the scapula (S/T)
What's the insertion of the pectoralis major?
Crest of greater tubercle of humerus
What's the insertion of the teres major?
Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
What are muscles for abduction for the shoulder (antagonists on adduction)?
Deltoid (all fibers) Supraspinatus
What are the muscles for medial rotation (internal rotation) for the shoulder? (antagonists on lateral rotation)
Deltoid (anterior fibers) Latissimus dorsi Teres major Subscapularis Pectoralis major (all fibers)
What muscles are used for horizontal adduction for the shoulder? (antagonists on h. abduction)
Deltoid (anterior fibers) Pectoralis major (upper fibers)
What are syngerstic muscles for flexion of the shoulder? Antagonist on extension
Deltoid (anterior fibers) Pectoralis major (upper fibers) Biceps brachii Coracobrachialis
What are muscles used for horizontal Abduction? antagonist on h. adduction
Deltoid (posterior fibers)
What are the muscles used for lateral rotation (external rotation) for the shoulder? Antagonists on medial rotation
Deltoid (posterior fibers) Infraspinatus Teres minor
What are muscles used for extension? (antagonists on flexion)
Deltoid (posterior fibers) Latissimus dorsi Teres major Pectoralis major (lower fibers) Triceps brachii (long head)
What is the insertion of the deltoid?
Deltoid tuberosity
What are actions of lower fibers of the trapezius?
Depress the scapula (S/T joint Upwardly rotate the scapula
What is the action of the teres major?
Extend the G/H joint Adduct the G/H joint Medially rotate the G/H joint
What is the action for posterior fibers? of the deltoid
Extend the shoulder (G/H joint) Laterally rotate the shoulder (G/H joint) Horizontally abduct the shoulder (G/H join)
What's the action of latissimus dorsi?
Extends the G/H joint Medially rotates Adducts the shoulder (
What are the origin of the trapezius?
External occipital protuberance, medial portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput, ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C-7 through T-12
What are the action for anterior fibers (G/H joint)?
Flex the shoulder (G/H joint) Medially rotate the shoulder (G/H joint Horizontally adduct the shoulder (G/H joint)
What's the origin of the latissimus dorsi?
Inferior angle of the scapula, spinous process of the last six thoracic vertebrae, last three or four ribs, thoracolumbar aponeurosis, and posterior iliac crest
What's the insertion of the latissimus dorsi?
Intertubercular groove of the humerus
What is the origin of the deltoid?
Lateral one third of the clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
What's the insertion of the trapezius?
Lateral one-third of clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula
What are the muscles for adduction for the shoulder (antagonists on abduction)?
Latissimus dorsi Teres major Infraspinatus Teres minor Pectoralis major (all fibers) Triceps brachii (long head) Coracobrachialis
What's the insertion of the scapula?
Medial border of scapula, between superior angle and superior portion of spine of scapula
What's the origin and insertion of the rhombus major?
O Lower thoracic vertebrae (T2-T5) I Lower part of scapula (medial border of scapula)
What's the origin and insertion of the rhombus minor?
O Upper cervical and thoracic vertebrae I Upper part of scapula
What are the muscles used for downward rotation of the scapula (antagonists on upward rotation)
Rhomboid major Rhomboid minor Levator scapula Pectoralis minor
What are muscles used for abduction (protraction) antagonists for adduction for the scapula?
Serratus anterior (with the origin fixed) Pectoralis minor
What's the origin of the teres major?
Think scapula Inferior angle and lower one-third of lateral border of the scapula
What's the origin of levator scapula?
Transverse processes of C-1 to C-4
What are muscles used for depression? (antagonists on elevation) for the scapula
Trapezius (lower fibers) Serratus anterior Pectoralis minor
What muscles are used for adduction (retration) antagonists for abduction for the scapula?
Trapezius (middle fibers) Rhomboid major Rhomboid minor
What are the msucles used for upward rotation of the scapula? (antagonists on downward rotation)?
Trapezius (upper and lower fibers) Serratus anterior (with the origin fixed)
What are muscles used for elevation (antagonists on depression) for the scapula?
Trapezius (upper fibers, unilaterally) Rhomboid major Rhomboid minor Levator scapula (unilaterally)
Which of the following muscles is completely superficial? a. supraspinatus b. rhomboids c. deltoid d. infraspinatus
deltoid
Which muscle acts as a synergist with teres minor during lateral rotation of the shoulder? teres major infraspinatus latissimus dorsi subscapularis
infraspinatus
Which muscle helps to create downward rotation of the scapula? a. levator scapula b. trapezius c. subscapularis d. teres minor
levator scapula
Which of the following acts as an antagonist to the biceps brachii during shoulder flexion? a. pectoralis major (lower fibers) b. pectoralis major (upper fibers) c. deltoid (anterior fibers) d. brachialis
pectoralis major (lower fibers)
Which muscle acts as an antagonist to the lower fibers of the trapezius during depression of the scapula? a. pectoralis minor b. infraspinatus c. rhomboid major d. serratus anterior
rhomboid major
Which muscle acts as a synergist with pectoralis minor during abduction of the scapula? rhomboid major rhomboid minor trapezius serratus anterior
serratus anterior
