muscular system test

when the Atp breaks down, one of the phosphate groups splits away from the ATP molecule and releases energy for cells. this leaves a molecule with just adenosine and _____ phosphate groups

two

smooth muscles are also referred to as _____ muscles

visceral

external movement is associated with what other movement

voluntary

contraction

when a mucsclr receives an impulse from the nervous system and it reacts and become short and thick

excitability

when the muscle respond to stimulation by hormones or nerves

relaxation

when the nerve impulse ends the muscle returns to its original length

the massey wr function to move your mandible do that you can close you ____

jaw

which joint are the quadriceps, hamstrings, and sartorial responsible for moving?

knee

_____ is also known as side bending

lateral flextion

the ATP molecule contains adenosine and three _____ groups

phosphate

hyper extension is extending a joint past_____ degrees

180

ADP combines with a phophate, and with the help of an enzyme called ATPase, _______ is formed

ATP

identify the orbicularis oris muscle

E

the point of ____ is attatxhed to the bone that will be moving.

insertion

smooth muscles facilitate movement thoigh the body with_____

a long ,sustained, and rhythmic pattern of alternating contractions

spasticity is an_____ in muscle tone or stiffness

abnormal increase

which of the following is one of the seven criteria for naming muscles

action or function

______ is bringing a body part toward the midline

addiction

da rope is is the term used for _____ - related muscle loss

age

the flexibility of the muscles prevents al the following EXCEPT _____

aging of muscles

________ are wide sheets of connective tissue that anchors a muscle or connect it with the part of the body that the muscle moves

aponeuroses

during contractions, the internal chambers of the heart become smaller, which forces roughly 50-75% of the blood into the _____

arteries

myasthenia gravis is what type of disease ?

autoimmune

which is an example of a muscle named for the number of points of origin

biceps

the sole purpose of cardiac muscle is to pump blonde out of your haesrbt to the rest of your ___

bidy

smooth muscles appear in walks of your hollow organs, like your stomach and_______

bladder

skeletal muscles typically attach to the____of the skelton

bones

when calcium moves through the channels and into the axon terminals, what is released from the synaptic vesicles?

cells?

the pectoralis major is a paired muscle forming the

chest

muscular strength is how much force a muscle can use during a single _____

contraction

skeletal muscle cells are long and_____

cylindrical

which of the following is one of the seven criteria for naming muscles

direction

the brachialis lies deeper than the biceps and functions to flex the _____

elbow

smooth muscles have connective tissue between the cells called_____

endomysium

the three layers of connective tissue include the epimysium, perimysium, and _________

endomysium

aerobic exercise improves your cardiovascular _____

endurance

muscular ________ is using the strength of a muscle over a long period

endurance

the more ATP a muscle had, the more _____ it has

energy

during ______ body movement, the bones move away from each other, increasing the angle or space between bones

extension

the posterior trunk muscles consists of the shoulder and abdominal griddle muscles

false

the change in the electrical charge of the muscle_______ produces an electrical current ; this is the action potential

fiber

smooth and skeletal muscles both contain elognated muscle _____

fibers

which muscles are primarily responsible for plantar flexion

fibularis muscles, gastrocnemius, and soleus

organelles within the muscle cell are named using the prefix sacro_, making _________

flesh

_______ brings two bones closer together, decreasing the angle between them

flexion

Musclular Dystrophy is caused by _____ mutations inherited from one or both parents

gene

i'm the first step of the anaerobic glycolysis system, glycogen is converted back into_______

glucose

which joints are the gkuteus maximus, gluteus medius, illopsoas, and adductors responsible for moving?

hips

if he stimulus that caused a muscle to contract is a_______

impulse

when you excercise, you________

increase the size of existing muscle fibers

muscles can be named by their point of origin or point of ___

insertion

the three layers of connective tissue that wrap skeletal muscle include all fo the following EXCEPT-------

mesoderm

skeletal muscle cells contain two to three times more __\\\ than other cells in the body

mitochondria

the impulse that stimulates a muscle comes from a _____ of the nervous system

motor neuron

Isotonic contractions create ____ in your body

movement

what does the alteration between muscle contraction and relaxation produce

movement

what are the three muscle functions

movemnt, structural support, heat generatiom

skeletal muscle cells are_______

multinucleate

skeletal muscle are bundles of individual ___

muscle fibers

skeletal muscle cells are elongated and referred to as ___

muscle fibers

what do muscles do when the contract

muscles become shorter and tighter

the cardiac muscle is sometime referred to as the ___

myocardium

the sacroplasmic reticulum is the net- like structure surrounding each ______

myofibril

a myofibril is a bundle of threadlike fibers called _____

myofilaments

cardiac and skeletal muscles share a similar inner construction/ structure that contains fibers with alternating thick and thin elements, called _______, which gives them the ability to contract

myofilaments

contraction in a muscle occurs from the stimulation of _____

myosins

the _____ muscles are typically short, attaching form near the bottoms of the face and skull to the upper parts of the shoulder and chest

neck

for skeletal muscles to contract, the muscular system and the _____ system just work together

nervous

is it possible to grow more muscle fiber

no

how many nuclei does smooth muscle contain

one, they are uninucleate

this griddle of abdominal muscles forms a wall around the ____ to container and protect them

organs

the point if ____holds the muscle in place and is on the bone that doesn't move during movement

origin

when you see the prefixes tri or quad used this describes how many _____ the muscle contains

origins

the ATP-PC creation pathway does NOT require _____

oxygen

which is NOT a benefit of physical activity

reduced hair loss

___ training involves both muscle strength and muscle endurance

resistance

the intercostal muscles are the thin muscles between each of the____

ribs

____ is a circular movement that occurs around a central axis or point

rotation

in a skeletal muscle, beneath the ending skin is a plasma membrane called the _______

sacrolemma

muscles react to stimuli with graded responses, these responses determine how much a muscle will ____ during concentration

shorten

concentric contractions are when the muscle as a whole_____

shortens

muscle fibers do not increase in umber but instead increase in_____\

size

which is true about the three types of muscles

skeletal muscles are voluntary, cardiac and smooth muscles are involuntary

what are the three types of muscles

skeletal, smooth, cardiac

the zygomaticus is you _____ muscle

smiling

the motor neuron lives in the ___\\\, but it had axons that extend to the muscle

spinal cord

smooth muscle fibers are fuisform or __________ - shaped

spindle

the amount of ____ sent from the nervous system affects how smoothly a muscle will contract

stimulation

muscle ____ are injuries that are caused by overstretching the huddle or tendon

strains

loss of muscle tone is reduction in the _____ and mass of muscles

strength

cardiac smooth and skeletal differ in three specific ways except for___

temperature

the temporalis muscle makes up the area around your ____

temples

which condition involves tissue swelling and becoming inflamed and irritated form overuse

tendonitis

what do skeletal muscles typically attach to bones through

tendons

because muscles cannot get ATP from blood or other tissues, they must create it. one way they do this is through _______

the ATO-PC system

Contractility

the ability of muscles to shorten muscle fibers forcefully

esasticity

the ability of the muscle to return to its original length afyer stretching

the orbicularis oculi is a circular muscle around _____

the eye

the actin protein is found in which filiment type

thin

circumduction involves a combination of flexion, extension, addiction, and abduction to create a rotation movement.

thre

which is an example of a muscle name based on size

tres major

the anterior truck muscles include the chest and abdominal muscle

true